Wo nso wohwehwɛ Intanɛt so hwehwɛ yare bi, aduru bi, anaa akwan a wobɛfa so anya apɔwmuden ho asɛm, ɛnte saa? Nokwarem no, ɛyɛ su pa ara. Nanso bere a worehwehwɛ nsɛm a ɛtete saa no, so woasusuw sɛnea w’ankasa wo ho nsɛm, nsɛm a ɛfa nea wohwɛ ho no yɛ nea ahobammɔ wom ho pɛn? Ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka sɛnea yɛbɛbɔ w’akwahosan ho nsɛm kokoamsɛm ho ban wɔ dijitaal wiase yi mu.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɛbsaet ahorow a wogye di no bɔ wo ho ban?
Sɛ worehwehwɛ akwahosan ho nsɛm, titiriw wɔ wɛbsaet bi a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wode nneɛma te sɛ wo din, wo mfe, ne wo email address kyerɛw wo din so a, saa wɛbsaet no wɔ asɛyɛde kɛse sɛ ɛbɔ wo nsɛm ho ban. Wɛbsaet ahorow a eye a wotumi de ho to so de mfiridwuma ahorow di dwuma de yɛ eyi.
SSL ahobanbɔ afiri
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛte sɛ nea woredan nsɛm a wode ma wɛbsaet bi no ayɛ no mmara kasa titiriw bi na wode amena wɔ ahobammɔ mu. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) . Saa kwan yi boa ma obiara ntumi ntie nsɛm no bere a efi wo kɔmputa so kɔ wɛbsaet no server so no.
Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wubehu sɛ wɛbsaet bi a wode redi dwuma no wɔ SSL ahobammɔ anaa . Sɛ agyan agyiraehyɛde ketewa bi wɔ wɛb address no mfiase wɔ wo wɛb brawsa no address bar no mu na address no fi ase wɔ `https://` mmom sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ `http://` a, ɛwɔ SSL ahobammɔ.
Firewalls a wɔde yɛ nneɛma
Nsuro ne din. Ogya fasu te sɛ ɔfasu a atwa wo fie ho ahyia. Ɛmma nnipa a wɔmpɛ nkɔ wo fie, na ɛboa nso ma nnipa a wɔmpɛ (akorɔmfo anaa hackers) ntumi nkɔ wo wɛbsaet no so. Wɔnam saa firewall yi so hwɛ nkitahodi biara a ɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛkɔ server a wo ho nsɛm wom no so , na sɛ ohu biribi a ahobammɔ nnim a, wogyae ntɛm ara.
Ɔdefoɔ ID ne Password
Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wokɔ wɛbsaet dodow no ara so a, wuhia edin soronko (User ID) ne password (Password), ɛnte saa? Eyi nso yɛ ahobammɔ ho nhyehyɛe a ɛho hia. Wei ma wɛbsaet no tumi hu wo yiye (authentication) na wo nkutoo na ɛma wotumi kɔ wo akontaabu mu (authorization). Esiane SSL mfiridwuma nti, wɔmfa wo password nkɔma tẽẽ wɔ intanɛt so da, ɛfa encryption kwan a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no so.
Wobɛyɛ dɛn atumi abɔ wo ho ban?
Ɛmfa ho sɛnea wɛbsaet ahorow no de ahobammɔ ma no, nneɛma bi da so ara wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ w’ankasa woyɛ. Efisɛ wo na wobɛhwɛ wo kɔmputa anaa wo fon no ahobammɔ so. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni.
| Anamɔn a ɛsɛ sɛ wutu | Dɛn nti na ɛno ho hia? |
|---|---|
| Fa password a emu yɛ den di dwuma. | Anyɛ yiye koraa no, ma wo password no tenten nyɛ nkyerɛwde 8-10, fa nkyerɛwde, nɔma, ne nsɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ #, @, ne $ di dwuma. Saa kwan no so no, ɛnyɛ den sɛ obiara rentumi nsusuw ho. Mfa password koro nni dwuma wɔ baabiara. Ɛyɛ papa nso sɛ wobɛsesa wo password bere ne bere mu. |
| Fa w’ankasa firewall di dwuma. | Te sɛ wɛbsaet ahorow no, wubetumi ayɛ w’ankasa ogya fasu wɔ wo kɔmputa so. Eyinom ba a wɔde ahyɛ operating system foforo te sɛ Windows ne Mac OS mu. Ma no nkɔ so nsɔ. Eyi besiw nkitahodi a wompɛ a efi Intanɛt so kɔ wo kɔmputa so no ano. |
| Bɔ wo ho ban fi malware ho | Eyinom yɛ software ahorow a ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ akorɔmfo. Wobetumi awia wo ho nsɛm, asiw wo kɔmputa no kwan sɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma, na wɔde email afi wo akontaabu mu amena. Enti, hwɛ hu sɛ wode anti-virus ne anti-spyware software pa bɛhyɛ wo kɔmputa so na woayɛ no foforo daa. |
Dɛn ne Malware ne Spyware?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Malware (Malicious Software) yɛ softwea biara a wɔayɛ sɛ ɛbɛpira wo kɔmputa, awia wo ho nsɛm, anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ adwuma wɔ wo kɔmputa so wɔ ɔkwan foforo so a wuntumi nni so.
- Mmoawa: Eyinom trɛw fi kɔmputa biako so kɔ foforo so, te sɛ yare bi.
- Spyware: Eyinom hwehwɛ wo kɔmputa so wɔ kokoam. Wowia nsɛm te sɛ wɛbsaet ahorow a wokɔ ne nneɛma a wokyerɛw ( password mpo ) na wɔde kɔma obi foforo.
Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi eyinom ho ne sɛ wode ahobammɔ softwea a wotumi de ho to so bedi dwuma . Afei nso, fa ahobammɔ ho nsɛm foforo a operating system (Windows, Android, iOS) no ayi no adi no gu wo kɔmputa anaa wo fon so daa .
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɛbsaet ahorow de wo ho nsɛm di dwuma?
Sɛ wokyerɛw wo din wɔ akwahosan ho wɛbsaet a wogye wo di so a, wɔde wo ho nsɛm di dwuma de ma wo nnwuma a wuhia. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ yɛde email nkrasɛm a ɛfa akwahosan ho nsɛm a ɛfa ho bɛmena wo.
Nnwumakuw pa rentɔn wo Personally Identifiable Information (PII) mma nnwumakuw afoforo da anaasɛ wɔmfa nni dwuma mfa nyɛ wɔn aguade ho dawurubɔ atirimpɔw ahorow a wunnyaa ho kwan. Enti nyansa wom sɛ wobɛkenkan wɔn kokoam nsɛm ho nhyehyɛe ansa na woakyerɛw wo din wɔ wɛbsaet bi so.
Sɛ wofiri kɔmputa so kɔ wo akonta mu wɔ ɔmanfoɔ beaeɛ (ɔmanfoɔ nwomakorabea, intanɛt cafe) a, mma wo werɛ mmfi da sɛ "Fi adi" berɛ a woawie. Sɛ woanyɛ saa a, obi a ɔde saa kɔmputa no di dwuma bere a woawie no betumi akɔ wo akontaabu mu.
Intanɛt yɛ nimdeɛ po. Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wode di dwuma yiye. Ɛho hia nso sɛ wususuw w’ahobammɔ ho bere a worekɔ saa nimdeɛ po no so no.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Hwɛ sɛ wɛbsaet a wode redi dwuma no address fi ase wɔ h TTP s:// na sɛ ɛwɔ key symbol . Ɛno ne ahobammɔ ho sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ wo password no mu yɛ den na ɛyɛ den sɛ wubesusuw ho. Fa nkyerɛwde, nɔma, ne agyiraehyɛde di dwuma.
- Fa Anti-Virus ne Anti-Malware softwea pa hyɛ wo kɔmputa ne wo fon so, na yɛ no foforo daa.
- Susuw ho mprenu ansa na woakliki link anaa attachment ahorow a ɛwɔ email ahorow a efi nnipa a wunnim wɔn hɔ mu.
- Ansa na wobɛkyerɛw wo din wɔ wɛbsaet biara so no, kenkan wɔn kokoam nsɛm ho nhyehyɛe no.
- Sɛ wowɔ asɛmmisa bi fa w’akwahosan tebea anaa ayaresa ho a, bere nyinaa kɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔfata (oduruyɛfo) nkyɛn na mfa wo ho nto nsɛm a wubehu wɔ intanɛt so nkutoo so.
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