Skip to main content

Granulocytes ye mun ye? An ka an farikolo lafasali sɔrɔdasiw dɔn!

Granulocytes ye mun ye? An ka an farikolo lafasali sɔrɔdasiw dɔn!

Yala farigan ni bana minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ mura, olu bɛ to i la wa? Walima i bɛ sɛgɛn ani i bɛ sɛgɛn wa? Hali ni an ka teli k’a miiri ko ninnu ye fɛn gansanw ye, tuma dɔw la, maanaba dɔ bɛ se ka kɛ u kɔfɛ an farikolo kɔnɔ. O maana kɔnɔ mɔgɔba dɔ bɛ Weele ko ‘Granulocytes’. An k’a lajɛ nin garadi fitinin ninnu ye jɔnw ye an farikolo la?

Granulocytes ye mun ye daɲɛ nɔgɔmanw na?

N’an y’a fɔ cogo nɔgɔman na, granulocytes ye joli kuru finman sugu dɔ ye min bɛ an joli la. Olu de ye joli kuru finman suguya ye min ka teli ka sɔrɔ an fari la. Miiri k’a filɛ, an farikolo be komi jamana dɔ. O tuma na fɛ, o joli finmanw ye o jamana ka kɛlɛbolo ye. Granulocytes bɛ i n’a fɔ komando minnu dege kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la o kɛlɛbolo kɔnɔ.

O farikolokisɛw kɔnɔ, jirisun misɛnninw bɛ yen. O jirisunw kɔnɔ, kemikoro ni anzimu suguya caman bɛ yen. Ni banakisɛ dɔ, o kɔrɔ ye ko tumu dɔ donna an fari la, o granulocytes bɛ teliya ka taa o yɔrɔ la, ka granulocytes bɔ u kɔnɔ ka banakisɛ kɛlɛ.

aw bɛ se ka aw ka granulocyte hakɛ dɔn cogo kelen min na , o ye ka joli sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ .

  • Ni granulocyte hakɛ ka ca: O bɛ se ka kɛ ko banakisɛ sugu dɔ bɛ aw fari la.
  • Ni granulocytes hakɛ ka dɔgɔn: A bɛ se ka kɛ kolotugudaw taamasiɲɛ ye, i n’a fɔ jolidɛsɛ walima jolidɛsɛ aplasitiki.

Ni granulocytes kɔgɔbaliw bɛ joli la, mun bɛ kɛ?

A ka ca a la, o granulocytes bɛ don joli la u kɔgɔlen kɔfɛ an ka kolotugudaw la. Nka tuma dɔw la o farikolokisɛ kɔgɔbaliw fana bɛ sɔrɔ joli la . N’o kɛra, fɛn damadɔ bɛ yen minnu bɛ se ka kɛ o kɔrɔ ye.

Kelen ye ko fɛn dɔ bɛ kolotugudaw la. Walima, a bɛ se ka kɛ ko farikolo b’a ɲini ka banakisɛ dɔ jaabi joona ni a daminɛna dɔrɔn. A ka ca a la, dɔgɔtɔrɔw bɛ hami kosɛbɛ ni o granulocytes kɔgɔbaliw bɛ tɛmɛ 2% kan i ka joli kuru finmanw bɛɛ lajɛlen na.

Nka foyi tɛ hami ni denba kɔnɔma walima den bangenen kura ye nin farikolokisɛ kɔgɔbali ninnu sɔrɔ u joli la. A b’a jira k’u kolotugudaw ka kɛnɛ, wa u bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ. O la, a ye bana ye min bɛ se ka kɛ.

Granulocytes suguya jɔnjɔnw ni u baara ye jumɛnw ye?

An ko ninnu bɛ i n’a fɔ komandow. Nin komando kulu in fana bɛ ni mɔgɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye minnu bɛ baara suguya caman kɛ. O cogo kelen na, granulocytes suguya kunbaba damadɔ bɛ yen. Sugu kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ baara wɛrɛ kɛ.

Seli suguya Baara kunba ani ɲɛfɔli nɔgɔman
Neutrophils (banakisɛfagalanw). Olu de ye lafasabaga kunbabaw ye ani minnu ka ca an farikolo la. U bɛ kɛ an ka joli kuru finmanw tilancɛ fila ɲɔgɔn ye. U ka baara kunba ye ka banakisɛw kɛlɛ.
Eosinofiliw (Eosinophiles) (Eosinophiles). o farikolokisɛw bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ faritanabanaw la . Ka fara o kan, u bɛ dɛmɛ don ka parazitiw kɛlɛ.
Basofiliw (Basophiles) ye Olu sen bɛ faritanabanaw de la kosɛbɛ. Olu de bɛ fɛnw bɔ i n’a fɔ histamine ani ka dɛmɛ don ka faritanabanaw bɔ farikolo la.
Mast-cell (maste cellules) minnu bɛ yen Olu ni basofiliw bɛ tali Kɛ ɲɔgɔn na. Danfara min bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o ye ko u tɛ taama joli la, nka u bɛ to farikolo yɔrɔw la i n’a fɔ an fari ni fogonfogon. U de bɛ kɛ mɔgɔ fɔlɔw ye minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni banakisɛ dɔ donna a la.

Bana jumɛnw bɛ sɔrɔ granulocyte hakɛ dɔgɔyali fɛ walima u hakɛ caya fɛ?

O farikolokisɛw hakɛ bɛnnen marali nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ an ka kɛnɛyako la. Ni u hakɛ dɔgɔyara walima ni dɔ cayara, o bɛ se ka kɛ furakɛli cogoya suguya caman taamasiɲɛ ye.

  • Granulocytosis : O ye dɔ farali ye granulocytose hakɛ kan.O bɛ se ka sɔrɔ banakisɛ, kansɛri walima farikolo tangalanw ka bana dɔ fɛ.
  • Neutropenie : O ye neutrophiles hakɛ dɔgɔyali ye . A ka ca a la o bɛ se ka sɔrɔ joli walima kolotuguda bana dɔ fɛ (misali la jolidɛsɛ).
  • Eosinofili : Eosinofili hakɛ bɛ caya . Nin bana in bɛ se ka ye sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ walima faritanabana bɛ mɔgɔ minnu na.
  • Basofili: Basofiliw caya . O bɛ se ka sɔrɔ fana banakisɛw fɛ, farikolo tangalanw ka banaw, walima bana dɔw i n’a fɔ jolidɛsɛ.

Taamasiɲɛ minnu ka teli ka ye nin ko in na

Granulocyte hakɛ min tɛ bɛn, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka bana taamasiɲɛ suguya caman lase mɔgɔ ma, nka a taamasiɲɛ minnu ka teli ka kɛ, olu dɔw filɛ nin ye:

  • Sɛgɛn ni sɛgɛn ye tuma bɛɛ
  • Sumaya bɛ to ka kɛ a la
  • Bana teliya la kosɛbɛ (Banabana minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman) .
  • Ɲɛgɛnɛsiraw bana
  • Da kɔnɔ joginda
  • Joli dimi
  • Dusukunnata ni fɔɔnɔ
  • Fari kurulenw
  • Nɔgɔmugu funu

Ne bɛ se k’a dɔn cogo di tigitigi ne ka granulocyte hakɛ ye min ye?

O dɔncogo ɲuman ye ka joli jate dafalen (CBC) rapɔɔri sɔrɔ . Sri Lanka jamana na, an b'o wele fana ko "Joli jate dafalen" kunnafoni. Nin ye joli sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye min bɛ kɛ tuma caman na.

Aw ye nin kumaw ɲini aw ka CBC ka kunnafoni kɔnɔ:

  • `Neutrophil` walima "neutrophile".
  • `Eosinofili` walima "eosin".
  • `Basophil` walima "baso".

N'a sɔrɔ i y'a Kɔlɔsi ko "abs" bɛ o daɲɛ ninnu kɔ fɛ. O kɔrɔ ye "absolute" ye. A bɛ tali kɛ joli la farikolokisɛ hakɛ tigitigi la. Ni siga bɛ aw la nafa minnu bɛ aw ka jatebɔsɛbɛn kɔnɔ, a ka fisa aw ka kuma aw ka dɔgɔtɔrɔ fɛ o ko la.

O furakɛcogo jumɛnw bɛ yen?

Furakɛli bɛ bɔ aw ka granulocyte hakɛ juguman sababu la.

Furakɛli bɛɛ lajɛlen

  • Banakisɛfagalanw - banakisɛfagalanw kama
  • Kɔritikositɛriw (corticostéroïdes).
  • Farikolo tangalanw
  • Kolotugudaw cili - bana jugumanba la
  • G-CSF pikiriw - walasa ka granulocytes falenni lawuli

Ni kansɛri bɛ yen

Ni a sababu ye kansɛri ye, furakɛli suguya wɛrɛw bɛ yen o la.

  • Chimiothérapie (banakisɛfagalanw) furakɛli
  • Furakɛli min bɛ kɛ ni fiɲɛ ye
  • Furakɛli min ɲɛsinnen don a ma
  • Operelikɛyɔrɔ

Ni ne ka granulocyte hakɛ tɛ bɛn, ne ka kan ka mun kɛ?

Ni aw ka granulositɛri hakɛ dɔgɔyara walima ni aw ka ca, a ka teli ka banakisɛw sɔrɔ. O la, a nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ka i yɛrɛ tanga banakisɛw ma.

  • Aw bɛ to ka aw tɛgɛw ko: Aw bɛ aw tɛgɛw ko ka ɲɛ ni safinɛ ye, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la sani aw ka dumuni kɛ ani aw kɛlen kɔ ka baara kɛ ɲɛgɛn na.
  • Aw kana maga aw ɲɛda, aw ɲɛw ani aw nugu la: Aw kana maga o yɔrɔw la ni aw ma aw tɛgɛ ko.
  • Aw bɛ boloci wajibiyalenw kɛ: Aw bɛ boloci minnu fɔ aw ye dɔgɔtɔrɔ fɛ, aw bɛ olu kɛ a waati la.
  • Aw bɛ aw janto aw da kɛnɛya la: Aw bɛ aw ɲinw ko don o don. Aw bɛ to ka taa ɲinw furakɛla dɔ fɛ.

Ka tɛmɛ o bɛɛ kan, a nafa ka bon ka dɔgɔtɔrɔ ka laadilikanw labato tigitigi. A bɛna aw laadi aw ka bana furakɛcogo ni a kunbɛncogo ɲumanw kan.

Take-Home cikan

  • Granulocytes ye joli kuru finman suguya dɔ ye min nafa ka bon an farikolo la, wa a bɛ banakisɛw kɛlɛ.
  • Ni u hakɛ dɔgɔyara walima ka caya, o bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn o fɛn taamasiɲɛ ye, k’a ta bana nɔgɔman na ka taa a bila bana jugumanba dɔ la i n’a fɔ jolidɛsɛ.
  • Aw bɛ se ka aw ka granulocyte hakɛ dɔn nɔgɔya la ni joli sɛgɛsɛgɛli nɔgɔman ye (CBC).
  • Ni aw bɛ to ka bana walima ni aw fari tɛ a la, aw kana aw ɲɛmajɔ nin taamasiɲɛ ninnu na. Aw bɛ taa dɔgɔtɔrɔso la joona.
  • A nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ka furakɛli ɲini ani ka i yɛrɛ tanga banakisɛw ma.

Granulocytes, Granulocytes, Joli kuru finmanw, Neutrophils, Eosinophiles, Basophiles, Banakisɛ, CBC sɛgɛsɛgɛli, joli rapɔɔri sinhala
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Ko foyi ma bila fɔlɔ. Aw ka kuma fɔlen fara a kan yan a siɲɛ fɔlɔ la.

Aw ka kuma fɔlen fara a kan

Aw ye jatebɔ kɛ: 8 + 8 =
Granulocytes ye mun ye? An ka an farikolo lafasali sɔrɔdasiw dɔn!

Granulocytes ye mun ye? An ka an farikolo lafasali sɔrɔdasiw dɔn!

Yala farigan ni bana minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ mura, olu bɛ to i la wa? Walima i bɛ sɛgɛn ani i bɛ sɛgɛn wa? Hali ni an ka teli k’a miiri ko ninnu ye fɛn gansanw ye, tuma dɔw la, maanaba dɔ bɛ se ka kɛ u kɔfɛ an farikolo kɔnɔ. O maana kɔnɔ mɔgɔba dɔ bɛ Weele ko ‘Granulocytes’. An k’a lajɛ nin garadi fitinin ninnu ye jɔnw ye an farikolo la?

Granulocytes ye mun ye daɲɛ nɔgɔmanw na?

N’an y’a fɔ cogo nɔgɔman na, granulocytes ye joli kuru finman sugu dɔ ye min bɛ an joli la. Olu de ye joli kuru finman suguya ye min ka teli ka sɔrɔ an fari la. Miiri k’a filɛ, an farikolo be komi jamana dɔ. O tuma na fɛ, o joli finmanw ye o jamana ka kɛlɛbolo ye. Granulocytes bɛ i n’a fɔ komando minnu dege kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la o kɛlɛbolo kɔnɔ.

O farikolokisɛw kɔnɔ, jirisun misɛnninw bɛ yen. O jirisunw kɔnɔ, kemikoro ni anzimu suguya caman bɛ yen. Ni banakisɛ dɔ, o kɔrɔ ye ko tumu dɔ donna an fari la, o granulocytes bɛ teliya ka taa o yɔrɔ la, ka granulocytes bɔ u kɔnɔ ka banakisɛ kɛlɛ.

aw bɛ se ka aw ka granulocyte hakɛ dɔn cogo kelen min na , o ye ka joli sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ .

  • Ni granulocyte hakɛ ka ca: O bɛ se ka kɛ ko banakisɛ sugu dɔ bɛ aw fari la.
  • Ni granulocytes hakɛ ka dɔgɔn: A bɛ se ka kɛ kolotugudaw taamasiɲɛ ye, i n’a fɔ jolidɛsɛ walima jolidɛsɛ aplasitiki.

Ni granulocytes kɔgɔbaliw bɛ joli la, mun bɛ kɛ?

A ka ca a la, o granulocytes bɛ don joli la u kɔgɔlen kɔfɛ an ka kolotugudaw la. Nka tuma dɔw la o farikolokisɛ kɔgɔbaliw fana bɛ sɔrɔ joli la . N’o kɛra, fɛn damadɔ bɛ yen minnu bɛ se ka kɛ o kɔrɔ ye.

Kelen ye ko fɛn dɔ bɛ kolotugudaw la. Walima, a bɛ se ka kɛ ko farikolo b’a ɲini ka banakisɛ dɔ jaabi joona ni a daminɛna dɔrɔn. A ka ca a la, dɔgɔtɔrɔw bɛ hami kosɛbɛ ni o granulocytes kɔgɔbaliw bɛ tɛmɛ 2% kan i ka joli kuru finmanw bɛɛ lajɛlen na.

Nka foyi tɛ hami ni denba kɔnɔma walima den bangenen kura ye nin farikolokisɛ kɔgɔbali ninnu sɔrɔ u joli la. A b’a jira k’u kolotugudaw ka kɛnɛ, wa u bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ. O la, a ye bana ye min bɛ se ka kɛ.

Granulocytes suguya jɔnjɔnw ni u baara ye jumɛnw ye?

An ko ninnu bɛ i n’a fɔ komandow. Nin komando kulu in fana bɛ ni mɔgɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye minnu bɛ baara suguya caman kɛ. O cogo kelen na, granulocytes suguya kunbaba damadɔ bɛ yen. Sugu kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ baara wɛrɛ kɛ.

Seli suguya Baara kunba ani ɲɛfɔli nɔgɔman
Neutrophils (banakisɛfagalanw). Olu de ye lafasabaga kunbabaw ye ani minnu ka ca an farikolo la. U bɛ kɛ an ka joli kuru finmanw tilancɛ fila ɲɔgɔn ye. U ka baara kunba ye ka banakisɛw kɛlɛ.
Eosinofiliw (Eosinophiles) (Eosinophiles). o farikolokisɛw bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ faritanabanaw la . Ka fara o kan, u bɛ dɛmɛ don ka parazitiw kɛlɛ.
Basofiliw (Basophiles) ye Olu sen bɛ faritanabanaw de la kosɛbɛ. Olu de bɛ fɛnw bɔ i n’a fɔ histamine ani ka dɛmɛ don ka faritanabanaw bɔ farikolo la.
Mast-cell (maste cellules) minnu bɛ yen Olu ni basofiliw bɛ tali Kɛ ɲɔgɔn na. Danfara min bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o ye ko u tɛ taama joli la, nka u bɛ to farikolo yɔrɔw la i n’a fɔ an fari ni fogonfogon. U de bɛ kɛ mɔgɔ fɔlɔw ye minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni banakisɛ dɔ donna a la.

Bana jumɛnw bɛ sɔrɔ granulocyte hakɛ dɔgɔyali fɛ walima u hakɛ caya fɛ?

O farikolokisɛw hakɛ bɛnnen marali nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ an ka kɛnɛyako la. Ni u hakɛ dɔgɔyara walima ni dɔ cayara, o bɛ se ka kɛ furakɛli cogoya suguya caman taamasiɲɛ ye.

  • Granulocytosis : O ye dɔ farali ye granulocytose hakɛ kan.O bɛ se ka sɔrɔ banakisɛ, kansɛri walima farikolo tangalanw ka bana dɔ fɛ.
  • Neutropenie : O ye neutrophiles hakɛ dɔgɔyali ye . A ka ca a la o bɛ se ka sɔrɔ joli walima kolotuguda bana dɔ fɛ (misali la jolidɛsɛ).
  • Eosinofili : Eosinofili hakɛ bɛ caya . Nin bana in bɛ se ka ye sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ walima faritanabana bɛ mɔgɔ minnu na.
  • Basofili: Basofiliw caya . O bɛ se ka sɔrɔ fana banakisɛw fɛ, farikolo tangalanw ka banaw, walima bana dɔw i n’a fɔ jolidɛsɛ.

Taamasiɲɛ minnu ka teli ka ye nin ko in na

Granulocyte hakɛ min tɛ bɛn, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka bana taamasiɲɛ suguya caman lase mɔgɔ ma, nka a taamasiɲɛ minnu ka teli ka kɛ, olu dɔw filɛ nin ye:

  • Sɛgɛn ni sɛgɛn ye tuma bɛɛ
  • Sumaya bɛ to ka kɛ a la
  • Bana teliya la kosɛbɛ (Banabana minnu bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman) .
  • Ɲɛgɛnɛsiraw bana
  • Da kɔnɔ joginda
  • Joli dimi
  • Dusukunnata ni fɔɔnɔ
  • Fari kurulenw
  • Nɔgɔmugu funu

Ne bɛ se k’a dɔn cogo di tigitigi ne ka granulocyte hakɛ ye min ye?

O dɔncogo ɲuman ye ka joli jate dafalen (CBC) rapɔɔri sɔrɔ . Sri Lanka jamana na, an b'o wele fana ko "Joli jate dafalen" kunnafoni. Nin ye joli sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye min bɛ kɛ tuma caman na.

Aw ye nin kumaw ɲini aw ka CBC ka kunnafoni kɔnɔ:

  • `Neutrophil` walima "neutrophile".
  • `Eosinofili` walima "eosin".
  • `Basophil` walima "baso".

N'a sɔrɔ i y'a Kɔlɔsi ko "abs" bɛ o daɲɛ ninnu kɔ fɛ. O kɔrɔ ye "absolute" ye. A bɛ tali kɛ joli la farikolokisɛ hakɛ tigitigi la. Ni siga bɛ aw la nafa minnu bɛ aw ka jatebɔsɛbɛn kɔnɔ, a ka fisa aw ka kuma aw ka dɔgɔtɔrɔ fɛ o ko la.

O furakɛcogo jumɛnw bɛ yen?

Furakɛli bɛ bɔ aw ka granulocyte hakɛ juguman sababu la.

Furakɛli bɛɛ lajɛlen

  • Banakisɛfagalanw - banakisɛfagalanw kama
  • Kɔritikositɛriw (corticostéroïdes).
  • Farikolo tangalanw
  • Kolotugudaw cili - bana jugumanba la
  • G-CSF pikiriw - walasa ka granulocytes falenni lawuli

Ni kansɛri bɛ yen

Ni a sababu ye kansɛri ye, furakɛli suguya wɛrɛw bɛ yen o la.

  • Chimiothérapie (banakisɛfagalanw) furakɛli
  • Furakɛli min bɛ kɛ ni fiɲɛ ye
  • Furakɛli min ɲɛsinnen don a ma
  • Operelikɛyɔrɔ

Ni ne ka granulocyte hakɛ tɛ bɛn, ne ka kan ka mun kɛ?

Ni aw ka granulositɛri hakɛ dɔgɔyara walima ni aw ka ca, a ka teli ka banakisɛw sɔrɔ. O la, a nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ka i yɛrɛ tanga banakisɛw ma.

  • Aw bɛ to ka aw tɛgɛw ko: Aw bɛ aw tɛgɛw ko ka ɲɛ ni safinɛ ye, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la sani aw ka dumuni kɛ ani aw kɛlen kɔ ka baara kɛ ɲɛgɛn na.
  • Aw kana maga aw ɲɛda, aw ɲɛw ani aw nugu la: Aw kana maga o yɔrɔw la ni aw ma aw tɛgɛ ko.
  • Aw bɛ boloci wajibiyalenw kɛ: Aw bɛ boloci minnu fɔ aw ye dɔgɔtɔrɔ fɛ, aw bɛ olu kɛ a waati la.
  • Aw bɛ aw janto aw da kɛnɛya la: Aw bɛ aw ɲinw ko don o don. Aw bɛ to ka taa ɲinw furakɛla dɔ fɛ.

Ka tɛmɛ o bɛɛ kan, a nafa ka bon ka dɔgɔtɔrɔ ka laadilikanw labato tigitigi. A bɛna aw laadi aw ka bana furakɛcogo ni a kunbɛncogo ɲumanw kan.

Take-Home cikan

  • Granulocytes ye joli kuru finman suguya dɔ ye min nafa ka bon an farikolo la, wa a bɛ banakisɛw kɛlɛ.
  • Ni u hakɛ dɔgɔyara walima ka caya, o bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn o fɛn taamasiɲɛ ye, k’a ta bana nɔgɔman na ka taa a bila bana jugumanba dɔ la i n’a fɔ jolidɛsɛ.
  • Aw bɛ se ka aw ka granulocyte hakɛ dɔn nɔgɔya la ni joli sɛgɛsɛgɛli nɔgɔman ye (CBC).
  • Ni aw bɛ to ka bana walima ni aw fari tɛ a la, aw kana aw ɲɛmajɔ nin taamasiɲɛ ninnu na. Aw bɛ taa dɔgɔtɔrɔso la joona.
  • A nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ka furakɛli ɲini ani ka i yɛrɛ tanga banakisɛw ma.

Granulocytes, Granulocytes, Joli kuru finmanw, Neutrophils, Eosinophiles, Basophiles, Banakisɛ, CBC sɛgɛsɛgɛli, joli rapɔɔri sinhala
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Ko foyi ma bila fɔlɔ. Aw ka kuma fɔlen fara a kan yan a siɲɛ fɔlɔ la.

Aw ka kuma fɔlen fara a kan

Aw ye jatebɔ kɛ: 8 + 8 =