Ðe nètɔtɔna ɣeaɖewoɣi ne èle nu ƒoma? Alo ɖe wòsesẽna na wò be nàgblɔ nya si nèdi be yeagblɔ la eme nakɔa? Ðewohĩ wò gbe atrɔ, aɖi abe ɖe nèle nu ƒom ene, alo aɖi abe ɖe nèle nu ƒom blewuu na ame bubuwo enea? Ne èto nusiawo me kpɔ la, nusi gbɔ wòtso ate ŋu anye dɔléle aɖe si woyɔna be dysarthria. Mina míaƒo nu tso esia ŋu le nya bɔbɔe siwo me kɔ nyuie me.
miame;"> Nukae nye Dysarthria? Mina míase egɔme kpuie!Kpuie ko la, Dysarthria
nye nuƒoƒo ƒe dɔléle si gblẽa nu le míaƒe nuƒoƒo ŋutete ŋu, si fia be gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ le lãmeka siwo hiã be míaƒo nu dzi ɖuɖu me. Bu eŋu kpɔ, ne míele nu ƒom la, míaƒe aɖe, nuyiwo, aɖu, kple gbeɖiɖika siwo le ŋɔti me (`(Larynx)`), ele be esiawo katã nawɔ dɔ ɖekae, alo? left;"> Ame si ŋu dysarthria le mate ŋu aɖu lãmeka siawo dzi nyuie o. Esia tsoa nusiwo gblẽ le míaƒe lãmekawo ŋu (`(nervous system)`) gbɔ.Nu vevitɔe nye be amesi ŋu ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ le nase gbegbɔgblɔ gɔme. Enya nya si wòagblɔ kple ale si wòagblɔe. Gake le lãmekawo ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ ta la, esesẽna be woayɔ nyawo nyuie ahaƒo nu le mɔ si gɔme ame bubuwo ate ŋu ase nu. Ðeko wòle abe ne èdi be yeadzi ha aɖe nyuie ŋutɔ, gake wò ŋɔti mele lãmesẽ me o la, màte ŋu adzi ha nyuie o ene.
Dysarthria ateŋu ato ƒomevi vevi eve me:
1. Tsitsi ƒe dysarthria: Esia dzɔna le ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe gbegblẽ le fufɔɣi alo le vidzidzi me ta. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, nɔnɔme sia ate ŋu ado mo ɖa le ɖevi siwo ŋu ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie le ŋu . Zi geɖe la, edzea ɖevi suewo dzi.
2. Acquired dysarthria: Esia tsoa ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe gbegblẽ le eƒe tsitsime gbɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, nɔnɔmewo abe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ , ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔdzẽ, alo Parkinson ƒe dɔléle ene ate ŋu ana ame ƒe lãme nasẽ. Esia bɔ ɖe ame tsitsiwo dome wu.
Nukawoe nye ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ ƒomevi vovovoawo? Woate ŋuama ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ ƒomevi vovovowo me le míaƒe lãmekawo ƒe akpa si gblẽ nu. Ne míele nu ƒom tso míaƒe lãmekawo ŋu la, elɔa akpa veviwo abe ahɔhɔ̃ kple aklã (Central Nervous System) kple lãmeka siwo kaka ɖe ŋutilã bliboa me (Peripheral Nervous System) siaa ɖe eme.
Wo dometɔ vevi aɖewoe nye esi:
- Flaccid dysarthria: Esia tsoa nusiwo gblẽ le lãmeka siwo le ete, siwo nye míaƒe lãmeka siwo le gota ƒe akpa aɖe ŋu gbɔ. Le ƒomevi sia me la, nuƒoƒo ate ŋu aɖi abe ɖe nèle gbɔgbɔm akpa ene, abe ɖe nèle nu ƒom to wò ŋɔti me ene (no me gbeɖiɖi). Wò gbe hã ate ŋu ase le eɖokui me be yegbɔdzɔ.
- Spastic dysarthria ƒe dɔléle:
Dzadzɛnyenye bɔ ɖe ame siwo ŋu ahɔhɔ̃medɔ aɖewo le me wu.Le kpɔɖeŋu me:
- ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - ALS) dzea ame abe 30% ene dzi.
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS) dzea ame 25% va ɖo 50% dzi le woƒe agbemeɣeyiɣi aɖe me.
- Parkinson ƒe dɔlélea dzea ame gbogbo aɖewo ŋutɔ dzi.
- Stroke xɔa ame 8% va ɖo
- Nuveviwɔame
- gblẽa nu le ame 10% va ɖo 65% ŋu
.
Dzesi vevitɔe nye be esesẽna na ame bubuwo be woase nya si gblɔm nèle la gɔme. Esia le alea elabena màte ŋu aɖu wò nuyi, aɖe, kple aɖu dzi nyuie be nàƒo nu nyuie o.
Dzesi bubuwo ate ŋu anye:
- Wò nyawo ƒe gbegblẽ alo sese le ɖokuiwò me abe ɖe nèle ɣli dom ene .
- Nuƒoƒo kabakaba alo blewu wu alesi nèsusui
- .
Gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ sia le lãmekawo dzi ɖuɖu me ate ŋu ana nu mimi nasesẽ ɣeaɖewoɣi (nuɖuɖu ƒe kuxi) . Esia hã nye nusi ŋu wòle be míaɖɔ ŋu ɖo vevie.
left;"> Nukae hea dysarthria vɛ?Abe alesi míeƒo nu tso eŋu va yi ene la, left;"> dysarthria dzɔna ne nu gblẽ le lãmeka siwo kpena ɖe mía ŋu míeƒoa nu ƒe akpa siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe lãmeka siwo kpena ɖe mía ŋu míeƒoa nu dzi la ŋu. Esia lɔ lãmeka siwo le míaƒe mo kple ŋɔti me, kpakple lãmeka siwo kpena ɖe mía ŋu míegbɔa ya hã ɖe eme. Nuveviwɔame, dɔlélewo, kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe nɔnɔmewo ate ŋu ahee vɛ.
Nusiwo gbɔ wòtsona zi geɖe dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- ALS. (ALS alo Lou Gehrig ƒe dɔléle)
- Ahɔhɔ̃ me dɔdzẽ
- Cerebral Palsy
- Tagbɔdɔléle (ŋkuɖoɖonudzi ƒe nɔnɔmewo)
- Huntington ƒe dɔléle Lyme dɔléle (dɔléle si tso ʋetsuviwo gbɔ
- )
- Multiple sclerosis (MS)
- Muscular dystrophy
- Myasthenia gravis (lãmekawo ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ ƒe dɔléle)
- Parkinson ƒe dɔléle
- Stroke
- Traumatic Brain Injury Injuries
- to your mo alo nu.
- Nuveviwɔame le wò ta, kɔ, aɖe, alo gbeɖiɖikawo ŋu.
Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, atike aɖewo (e.g., atike siwo naa ame ƒe dzi dzea eme, atike siwo wua alɔ̃madɔmadɔ) ate ŋu ahe dzesiwo abe dysarthria ene vɛ abe eƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu ene.
Nukawoe nye kuxi siwo dona tso ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ me?Nuƒoƒo sesẽ ate ŋu ahe kuxi vovovowo vɛ le hadomegbenɔnɔ me. Ne esesẽ na wò be nàse nya si ame bubuwo le gbɔgblɔm gɔme la, ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wò dɔwɔɖui, sukudɔdasiwo, kple wò ŋutɔ wò ƒomedodowo dzi. Nuteɖeamedzi si esia hena vɛ ate ŋu ahe susu me kuxiwo abe blanuiléle ene gɔ̃ hã vɛ .
Aleke wokpɔa dɔléle si nye dysarthria?Eyata ele vevie be nàwɔ atike na wò be wòakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàƒo nu ahalé ƒomedodo si me gɔmesese le si le mia kple ame bubuwo dome la me ɖe asi.
Wò ɖɔkta abia wò atikewɔwɔ ŋutinya eye wòado wò ŋutilã kpɔ. Emegbe, Nuƒoƒo Kple Gbegbɔgblɔ Ŋuti Dɔléleŋutinunyala (SLP) .
Woado wò kpɔ be nànya alesi wò ƒunukpeƒetetedɔa nu sẽe. Alé ŋku ɖe wò gbɔgbɔ, wò gbe ƒe nyonyome, kple wò ŋutete be nàʋuʋu wò nuyiwo, aɖe, kple mo ƒe lãmekawo ŋu.Ate ŋu abia tso asiwò be nàwɔ nanewo abe:
- Do wò aɖe ɖe go.
- Ko alɔgbɔnu, nànɔ wò nuyiwo ƒom, nànɔ wò nuyiwo ƒom.
- Xlẽ tso ɖeka va ɖo ewo, alo gblɔ ŋɔŋlɔdzesiawo.
- Xlẽ memama aɖe.
- Gbugbɔ gbeɖiɖiwo, nyawo, kple nyagbewo gblɔ, eye nàƒo ɖokuiwò ɖe dzeɖoɖo si sɔ me.
Dodokpɔ bubu kawoe wòahiã be woatsɔ anya dɔléle si nye dysarthria?
Dodokpɔ bubuwo ateŋu anye:
- MRI alo CT scan na wò ahɔhɔ̃, ta, kple kɔ – esiawo dia nusiwo mesɔ o siwo ateŋu anɔ ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe wò nuƒoƒo ŋutete dzi.
- EEG (Electroencephalogram) dodokpɔ – be woadi nusiwo mesɔ o le ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me si do ƒome kple dysarthria.
- EMG (Electromyography) dodokpɔ – be nàlé ŋku ɖe wò lãmekawo kple lãmekawo ƒe elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu.
- Ʋu alo aɖuɖɔ dodokpɔ – be woakpɔe ɖa be dɔlékui alo dɔdzẽ aɖeke si le nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxiawo hem vɛ hã.
- Spinal tap (lumbar puncture) – be woakpɔe ɖa be dɔlékui alo dɔdzẽ aɖeke si le nuɖuɖu ƒe kuxia hem vɛ hã.
Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, nuɖuɖumadzroame kpena ɖe nu mimi sesẽ ŋu (nuɖuɖu ƒe kuxi), eyata wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu adɔ hã be woawɔ barium mimi ŋuti numekuku si ŋu wotrɔ asi le alo videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) .
miame;"> Nukawoe nye atike siwo wowna na dysarthria?Ame siwo ŋu dysarthria le ate u e vi geɖe tso nuƒoƒo ƒe dɔdamɔnu me be woana woƒe dzeɖoɖo ƒe ŋutetewo nanyo ɖe edzi.Nuƒoƒo kple gbegbɔgblɔdɔŋutinunyala (SLP) ate ŋu aƒo nu kple wò ƒomea eye wòafia wo alesi woawɔ aɖo dze kpli wò nyuie wu.Le
nuƒoƒo ƒe dɔdamɔnu ƒe ɣeyiɣiwo me la, àte ŋu asrɔ̃ nuwo abe:
- Kamedede siwo ado ŋusẽ lãmeka siwo le wò aɖe, nuyiwo, kple aɖuwo me.
- Aɖaŋu siwo nàzã atsɔ aƒo nu sesĩe
- wu
- ( e.g., gbɔgbɔ deto hafi aƒo nu
- )
. Esia ate ŋu anye board si dzi ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo alo nɔnɔmetatawo le, alo kɔmpiuta tɔxɛ aɖe si dzi keyboard kple screen si dzi woɖea gbedasiwo le.
left;"> Ðe woate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe dysarthria nua?Menye nusiwo katã hea ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ vɛ lae woate ŋu axe mɔ na o. Ke hã, àte ŋu aɖe afɔ aɖewo atsɔ aɖe afɔku si le nu aɖewo siwo gbɔ wòtso (e.g., abixɔxɔ, ʋusɔgbɔdɔ) me dzi akpɔtɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, nuɖuɖu nyui ɖuɖu ate ŋu aɖe nɔnɔme siwo ana ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, abe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ, suklidɔ, kple dzitodzito me dɔléle ene, ƒe afɔkua dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ. left;"> Ðe woate ŋu ada dysarthria keŋkeŋ?Enɔ te ɖe nusi le wò miame;"> dysarthria hem vɛ dzi. Ne atike aɖe ƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu gbɔe wòtso la, zi geɖe la, nɔnɔmea nu yina ne wodzudzɔ atikeawo zazã. Gake ɖewohĩ womate ŋu atrɔ lãmekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie si tso ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle si nɔa anyi didi (`(ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle si nɔa anyi didi)`), lãmetutudɔ, alo abixɔxɔ gbɔ o. Gake nuƒoƒo ƒe atikewɔwɔ ate ŋu ana wò dzeɖoɖo ƒe ŋutete nanyo ɖe edzi godoo.
Nuƒoƒo ƒe atikewɔwɔ kpena ɖe ŋuwò nèzãa wò nuƒoƒo ƒe lãmekawo nyuie wu eye wòfiaa mɔ siwo dzi nàto aɖo dze nya manɔmee wò.
miame;"> Aɖaŋuɖoɖo kawoe nye na nuƒoƒo abe amesi ŋu dysarthria le ene?Ne èdzo;"> dysarthria la, aɖaŋuɖoɖo siawo ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò:
- Gblɔ nyatia gbã. Na nyaselawo nakpɔ nya si gblɔ ge gbã. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, hafi nàƒo nu tso sinima si nèdi be yeakpɔ ŋu la, dze egɔme nàgblɔ be "sinima la."
- Ƒo nu blewuu kple gbe si sɔ. Nyawo yɔyɔ nyuie kple vivivi kpena ɖe nyaselaa ŋu wòsea egɔme. Nuƒoƒo le nyagbe kpuiwo me kple ɖiɖiɖeme enuenu naa ɣeyiɣi nyasela be wòase nya si gblɔm nèle la gɔme.
- Ƒo asa na nuƒoƒo ne ɖeɖi te ŋuwò. left;"> Ame geɖe siwo ŋu dysarthria le sesẽna na wo be woaƒo nu ne ɖeɖi te wo ŋu.
- Kpɔ egbɔ be ame siwo le to ɖom la se nya si gblɔm nèle la gɔme. Anyo be nàbia ame siwo le to ɖom le wo dome. Esia akpe ɖe ŋuwò be màgagbugbɔ nya si nègblɔ la agblɔ.
- Zã dzeɖoɖomɔnu siwo menye nyagbɔgblɔ o ne ehiã. Ne nuƒoƒo te ɖeɖi ame ŋu akpa la, gblɔe na ame si nèle nu ƒom na la, ŋlɔe ɖi, hee ɖe go, alo nàhe dzeɖoɖoa ɖe megbe.
Aɖaŋuɖoɖo kawoe ame bubuwo ate ŋu azã ne
- èle
- nu
- ƒom
- kplim
?
Ne nuƒoƒo sesẽ na wò la, yi wò ɖɔkta gbɔ. Ne gbɔgbɔtsixe tsi ƒowò, kɔdzidɔ le ŋuwò atraɖii, alo aklãdɔ dze dziwò la, di atikewɔla enumake.
Ɣekaɣie wòle be mayi xɔ si me wowɔa dɔ kpata le (ETU) ?
Nu aɖewo siwo hea ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ vɛ, abe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ ene, hiã atikewɔwɔ kpata. Ne ame aɖe le lãmetutudɔ ƒe dzesiwo ɖem fia la, tsɔ wo yi xɔ si me
wowɔa dɔ kpata le me ƒe dzesiwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ
- alo dzedzeme le mo ƒe akpa ɖeka
- Tɔtɔ
- kple
- dziɖeleameƒo
Àte ŋu abia nyawo abe:
- Nukae hea nye miame;"> ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ vɛ?
- Atikewɔwɔ kawoe li?
- Aleke mawɔ ana nye nuƒoƒo ƒe ŋutete nanyo ɖe edzi?
- Nukae mate ŋu akpɔ mɔ na tso nuƒoƒo ƒe atikewɔwɔ me?
- Ðe wòhiã be mazã kadodomɔ̃a?
Aphasia nye nɔnɔme aɖe si nana wòsesẽna be woase nya siwo ame bubuwo gblɔna gɔme alo aɖe ame ƒe susuwo me. Menye nuƒoƒo ƒe lãmekawo abe dysarthria ene ƒe kuxie wònye o. Le aphasia me la, ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe titinawo ŋue wògblẽa nu le.
left;"> Vovototo kae le dysarthria kple apraxia dome?Apraxia nye motor speech disorder ƒomevi bubu. Ame siwo ŋu apraxia le la ƒe lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ sɔ, gake esesẽna na wo be woawɔ lɔlɔ̃nu faa ʋuʋu siwo ɖi nuƒoƒo. Eyae nye be gbedasi si tso ahɔhɔ̃a gbɔ yi lãmekawo gbɔ gblɔ na wo be "woaʋuʋu yi afisia kple ema" metoa eme nyuie o. Kuxia le ɖoɖowɔwɔ ɖe alesi woayɔe ŋu nyawo.
miame;"> Vovototo kae le dysarthria kple dysphagia dome?Abe lãmekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ene la, nuɖuɖumadzroame lɔ lãmekawo dzi ɖuɖu ƒe kuxiwo hã ɖe eme. Gake miame;"> Dysarthria nye nuƒoƒo sesẽ, gake dysphagia ya nye nuɖuɖu mimi sesẽ . Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, dysphagia tsia anyi;">
Dzadzɛnyenye hã ate ŋu anye dzesi aɖe.Mlɔeba la, nusiwo dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui (Take-Home Message) .
Ne esesẽna na wò be nàɖo dze kple ame bubuwo le ƒunukpeƒetetedɔ ta la, ƒo nu tso eŋu na wò ɖɔkta. Wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu aɖo wò ɖe nuƒoƒo ƒe atikewɔwɔ. Nuƒoƒo kple gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe dɔléleŋutinunyalawo (SLP) hã ate ŋu afia xɔ̃wòwo kple ƒowòmetɔwo alesi woaɖo dze kpli wò nyuie wu. Ðo ŋku edzi be ne wò lãmekawo ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ na nuƒoƒo sesẽ hã la, ne wowɔ atike na wò nyuie eye nèkpe ɖe ŋuwò la, àte ŋu alé wò ƒomedodo xɔasiawo me ɖe asi. Mègavɔ̃ o, di kpekpeɖeŋu.
` miame;"> Dysarthria, nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxiwo, nuƒoƒo ƒe kuxiwo, lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie, nuƒoƒo ƒe atikewɔwɔ, kukɔ, nuƒoƒo si me mekɔ o
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