Èbu alesi wòdzɔna kabakaba alea gbegbe ne èdi be yeaʋuʋu asi ŋu kpɔa? Alo alesi míehea míaƒe asi ɖe megbe ne míeka asi nane si le dzo dam ŋu? Esiawo katã dzɔna le elektrikŋusẽ ƒe gbedasi siwo zɔna kabakaba ŋutɔ si tso míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me yia míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe akpa bubuwo, eye tso míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe akpa aɖewo trɔna yia míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ gbɔ ta. Eyata, ‘ametakpɔnu’ tɔxɛ aɖe ŋutɔ le míaƒe lãmekawo ŋu si kpena ɖe gbedasi siawo ŋu wozɔa mɔ kabakaba ale gbegbe eye kuxi aɖeke menɔa wo ŋu o. Emae nye nusi míeyɔna be Myelin Sheath . Egbea míele nu ƒom tso myelin-kplo wɔnuku sia ŋu.
Kpuie ko la, nukae nye myelin-kplo sia?
Tsɔe be elektrikŋusẽ si le míaƒe aƒea me nye ka ɖeka. Plastik aɖe le ka ma ŋu ƒo xlãe. Nukatae wòle nenema? Ðekae nye be enaa ka la kpɔa ame ta. Bubue nye be ekpena ɖe elektrikŋusẽa ŋu wòzɔna kabakaba yia afisi wòhiã be wòayi, evɔ medona yia teƒe bubuwo o.
Nenema kee wòle le myelin-kplu hã gome. Esia nye nu tɔxɛ aɖe si wotsɔa ami kple proteinwo blanae . Woxatsa myelin- kplu sia ɖe míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe akpa si didi wu, si nye ‘ka’ vevitɔ si tsɔa gbedasiwo. Menye ɖeko esia kpɔa lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbevi ta ko o, ke ekpena ɖe elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesiawo ŋu be wozɔna kabakaba ŋutɔ eye wowɔa dɔ nyuie hã.
Mina míase lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbevi ƒe akpa aɖewo gɔme vie gbã.
Be míase esia gɔme la, mina míatsɔ ahɔhɔ̃meka aɖe asɔ kple ati sue aɖe. Ekema àte ŋu aɖo ŋku esia dzi bɔbɔe ŋutɔ.
1. Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ŋutilã (Soma): Esia le abe ati ƒe ke ene. Abe alesi ati ƒe kewo xɔa nunyiame siwo le anyigba me ene la, dendrites , siwo nye lãmenugbagbevi ƒe ŋutilã ƒe akpa siwo le abe ke ene, ‘xɔa’ atikewo ƒe gbedasi siwo tso lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbevi bubu siwo te ɖe wo ŋu gbɔ. Emegbe wotrɔa atikewo ƒe gbedasi siawo wozua elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesiwo. Lãmenugbagbevi la ƒe nucleus hã le akpa sia.
2. Axon: Esia nye akpa didi si le abe ati ƒe ke ene. Abe alesi nunyiame siwo tso ati ƒe kewo me zɔa mɔ yia atikutsetsea dzi ene la, elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesi siwo dona le lãmenugbagbevi ƒe ŋutilã me zɔna to axon sia dzi.
3. Axon Terminal: Esia le abe atikutsetse siwo le ati ƒe alɔwo ƒe nuwuwu ene. Abe aŋgbawo kple seƒoƒo siwo dona tso aŋgba mawo me ene la, axon ƒe nuwuƒe ‘ɖea asi le’ elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesi ma ŋu yia lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbevi si kplɔe ɖo gbɔ.
Aleae gbedasiwo tia kpo tso lãmeka ɖeka me yia bubu me. Ele abe relay duɖimekeke ene. Aleae gbedasiwo zɔna tso míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ kple aklã me yia míaƒe ŋutilã katã me. Lãmetsi siwo le wò abɔwo me la ƒoa ƒu, ègbɔa ya, wò dzi ƒoa, kadodo wɔnuku siae kpɔa esiawo katã dzi.
Dɔ vevi kawoe myelin-kploa wɔna?
Abe alesi míedzro eme va yi ene la, dɔ vevi etɔ̃ le myelin-kploa ŋu.
- Dedienɔnɔ nana: abe elektrikŋusẽ eneAbe alesi wotsɔa aŋe blana ɖe ka ŋu ene la, ami kple protein siwo wotsɔ blaa nu sia kpɔa lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbevi ƒe axon ta nyuie .
- Nuwɔwɔ kabakaba: Esiae nye nu vevitɔ kekeake. Myelin-kploa nana elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesiwo zɔa mɔ kabakaba ŋutɔ eye wòwɔa dɔ nyuie tso lãmeka ɖeka me yia bubu me.
- Dzesi ƒe ŋusẽ me léle ɖe asi: Ne elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesi le zɔzɔm to axon la dzi la, ate ŋu agbɔdzɔ. Gake myelin-kploa kpena ɖe ame ŋu be dzesia ƒe ŋusẽ nanɔ anyi evɔ meɖea edzi o .
Kpuie ko la, myelin-kploa manɔmee la, gbedasiwo ƒe kadodo le míaƒe ŋutilã me anɔ blewu ŋutɔ eye mawɔ dɔ nyuie o. Anɔ abe agbagbadzedze be woazɔ mɔ tso Colombo ayi Matara to kɔƒea ƒe mɔwo dzi mɔ gã aɖeke manɔmee ene.
Nukae dzɔna ne myelin ƒe akɔtaɖonu la gblẽ?
Lãmenugbagbevi siwo ade biliɔn 100 ye le míaƒe ŋutilã me siwo le tu dam ɣesiaɣi. Gbedasiwo ɖɔliɖɔli siae kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe míaƒe nuwɔnawo katã dzi. Eyata bu nusi adzɔ ne myelin-kplu si ƒo xlã lãmeka siawo dome gblẽ ŋu kpɔ. Emegbe elektrik-dzesi mawo siwo zɔna kabakaba la adze mɔzɔzɔ gɔme blewu, alo atɔ kura .
Nusi koŋ gbɔ nu gblẽ le alea ŋue nye be mía ŋutɔwo ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete susuna vodadatɔe be myelin-kploa nye nusi gblẽa nu le ŋutilãa ŋu tso gota. Emegbe, míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzea myelin ƒe akɔtadzesi dzi dzedze gɔme. Amedzidzedze sia tsrɔ̃a myelin la. Míeyɔa nuwɔna sia be demyelination . Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, lãmenugbagbevi siwo wɔa myelin gɔ̃ hã tsrɔ̃na. To mɔ sia dzi la, míekpɔa dzesi vovovowo le afisi myelin ƒe akɔta gblẽ le nu.
Dɔléle kawoe gblẽa nu le myelin ƒe akɔta?
Dɔléle geɖe li siwo gblẽa nu le myelin ƒe akɔta. Ðewohĩ èse wo dometɔ aɖewo ŋkɔ kpɔ. Mina míama dɔléle siawo ɖe hatsotso eve me: esiwo gblẽa nu le míaƒe lãmeka siwo le titina (CNS), si nye ahɔhɔ̃ kple aklã ŋu, kple esiwo gblẽa nu le lãmeka siwo le gota (PNS), si nye ŋutilã ƒe lãmeka susɔeawo ŋu.
| Dɔléle siwo gblẽa nu le myelin ŋu le lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ (CNS) me . | |
|---|---|
| Dɔléle ƒe Ŋkɔ | Numeɖeɖe bɔbɔe aɖe |
| Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dɔléle (MS) . | Esiae nye dɔléle siwo bɔ wu eye wonya nyuie wu le dɔléle siwo gblẽa nu le myelin ŋu dome. Edzea myelin si le ahɔhɔ̃a kple aklã me dzi. |
| Tagbɔdɔléle sesẽ si kaka | Esia nye dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kpata, si nu sẽ, si dzɔna le lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Esia nye nɔnɔme si mebɔ kura o. |
| Lãmetsiŋusẽ si woyɔna be transverse myelitis | Esia nye dɔléle si dɔlélenutsiŋutete wɔna si naa aklã me dɔdzẽ. |
| Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo me dɔléle si nye optica | Le afisia la, dɔlékuiwutikewo dzea ŋku ƒe lãmeka kple aklã dzi. |
| Dɔléle siwo gblẽa nu le myelin ŋu le lãmeka siwo le gota (PNS) me . | |
|---|---|
| Dɔléle ƒe Ŋkɔ | Numeɖeɖe bɔbɔe aɖe |
| Guillain-Barre ƒe dɔlélea | Nɔnɔme si dzɔna zi geɖe le dɔlékui aɖe xɔxɔ vɔ megbe. Ƒã ŋutɔ la, ate ŋu adzɔ le atikewɔmɔnu vɔ megbe hã. |
| Dɔdzẽ si nɔa anyi didi si nana ame ƒe lãme gblẽna (CIDP) . | Esia nye dɔléle si tsoa dɔlélenutsiŋutete gbɔ vivivi si dzea myelin dzi. |
| Charcot Marie Aɖudɔléle | Esia nye domenyiŋusẽfianu, si fia ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle si tsoa domenyiŋusẽfianu me. |
| Akɔbli ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ | Akɔbli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ŋutilãa me ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ ate ŋu agblẽ nu le myelin ƒe ametakpɔnu ŋu eye wòagbɔdzɔ. |
Ðe woate ŋu agblẽ nu le myelin ŋu le susu bubuwo ta?
Ɛ̃. Tsɔ kpe ɖe dɔléle siwo míeyɔ ɖe etame ŋu la, myelin ƒe akɔta ate ŋu agblẽ le susu bubu geɖewo ta.
- Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ: Ʋu ƒe sisi yi ahɔhɔ̃a me ƒe gbegblẽ gbɔe wòtsona.
- Dɔlékuiwo kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe kuxiwo: Le dɔlékui aɖewo kple kuxi siwo le atikewo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le ŋutilã me ta.
- Aɖiwo: Aɖi aɖewo ɖuɖu.
- Vitamin B12 ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ: Vitamin sia hiã vevie na myelin wɔwɔ.
- Atike ƒomevi aɖewo: Le kpɔɖeŋu me, atikewo abe ethambutol ene.
- Ahanono fũu akpa: Ahanono ɣeyiɣi didi hã gblẽa nu le myelin ŋu.
Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, le domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nɔnɔme siwo mebɔ kura o abe Tay-Sachs dɔléle ene me la, ɖewohĩ myelin ƒe akɔtaɖonu la madzɔ nyuie o.
Ðe woate ŋu atrɔ nusiwo gblẽ le myelin ŋua?
Esiae nye nyabiase vevitɔ kekeake na amesiame. Nya nyuiae nye be, ẽ, anya wɔ be woadzra myelin si gblẽ ɖo . Dzadzraɖo sia ate ŋu adzɔ le míaƒe lãmeka siwo le titina kple esiwo le gota siaa me.
Nu vevitɔ kekeake na esiae nye be woaɖu nusiwo gbɔ wòtsona be myelin tsrɔ̃na la dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ele vevie ŋutɔ be woana atikewo abe steroids be woatsɔ aɖu abi si dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔwɔwɔ hena vɛ dzi, eye woazã atike bubu siwo kpɔa dɔlélenutsiŋutete dzi (immune suppression/modulation treatment).
Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo le numekuku geɖe wɔm fifia le alesi woadzra myelin si gblẽ ɖo ŋu. Togbɔ be atike aɖeke meli si dzi woda asi ɖo be woatsɔ adzra myelin ɖo haɖe o hã la, numekuku me tsonu le eɖem fia be ŋugbedodo gã aɖe li na etsɔme.
- Numekuku aɖewo ɖee fia be ŋutete le nulɔdɔtike si nye ``clemastine`` ŋu be wòaɖɔ myelin ɖo.
- Wole numekuku wɔm hã le nenye be woate ŋu azã lãmenugbagbeviwo atsɔ agbugbɔ myelin awɔ.
- Wole numekuku wɔm le atike siwo kpɔa lãmekawo ta be woagagblẽ nu le ame ŋu o hã ŋu.
Eyata, numekuku sia ɖee fia be ŋutete gã aɖe li be woawɔ atike nyuitɔwo na dɔnɔ siwo ƒe myelin gblẽ le etsɔme.
Gbedasi si Wotsɔ Yi Aƒeme
- Myelin-kploa nye ametakpɔnu si ƒo xlã míaƒe lãmekawo si wɔa dɔ abe plastik-nutsyɔnu si le elektrikka dzi ene.
- Esia tae elektrikŋusẽ ƒe gbedasi siwo le míaƒe ŋutilã me zɔna kabakaba hewɔa dɔ nyuie ɖo.
- Vodada aɖe si le mía ŋutɔwo ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete me alo le susu bubuwo ta ate ŋu agblẽ myelin ƒe akɔta. Míeyɔa esia be demyelination.
- Dɔléle sesẽwo abe Multiple Sclerosis (MS) kple Guillain-Barre syndrome ene tsoa myelin ƒe akɔta ƒe gbegblẽ gbɔ.
- Ne lãmekawo ƒe dɔlélewo abe lãmekawo ƒe ʋuʋu, gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ, alo azɔlizɔzɔ sesẽ ene le ŋuwò la, ele vevie be nàyi ɖɔkta gbɔ enumake aɖaɖo aɖaŋu na wò.
- Ŋutete le ŋutilãa ŋu be wòaɖɔ myelin si gblẽ ɖo, eye dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo le numekuku wɔm tso atike yeye siwo ate ŋu akpe ɖe esia ŋu ŋu ɣesiaɣi.
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