Mía ŋutɔwo ƒe ‘amewula’ siwo le ŋutilãa me: Mina míasrɔ̃ nu tso Dzɔdzɔme Lãmenugbagbeviwo (NK Cells) ŋu ko .

Ðewohĩ ènya be ametakpɔnu wɔnuku aɖe le míaƒe ŋutilã me, abe aʋakɔ ene, be wòate ŋu awɔ avu kple dɔlélewo. Míeyɔa esia be dɔlélenutsiŋutete. Asrafo ƒomevi vovovowoe le asrafoha sia me. Ame aɖewo tsa ŋku, ɖewo wɔa aʋawɔnuwo, eye bubuwo yia aʋa dzi tẽ. Egbea míele nu ƒom tso asrafomegãwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo tɔxɛ aɖe ŋutɔ, si to vovo vie, eye wobi ŋutɔ ŋu le asrafoha sia me. Emawoe nye ‘dzɔdzɔme lãmenugbagbevi siwo wua ame’ alo abe alesi mí katã míenya woe ene la, Dzɔdzɔme Lãmenugbagbeviwo (NK Cells) . Ŋkɔa ɖi vɔvɔ̃ vie, alo? Gake le nyateƒe me la, amesiawo nye mía xɔlɔ̃ vevi aɖewo le míaƒe ŋutilã me.

Amekawoe nye Dzɔdzɔme Lãmenugbagbevi Siwo Wua Ame (NK lãmenugbagbeviwo) siawo?

Kpuie ko la, Dzɔdzɔme Lãmenugbagbeviwo (NK cells) nye ʋumenugbagbevi ɣi ƒomevi aɖe si le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Ne míagblɔe tututu la, wole lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe si woyɔna be lymphocytes, siwo nye lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi vevi aɖe le dɔlélenutsiŋutete me la me. Ðewohĩ èse B-lãmenugbagbeviwo kple T-lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu nya kpɔ. Emae nye nusi ŋu NK lãmenugbagbeviwo ku ɖo.

Gake susu aɖe li si ta woyɔa wo be "dzɔdzɔme" amewulawo ɖo. Ele be lãmenugbagbevi bubu siwo wɔa avu le míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete me, abe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe aɖi T-lãmenugbagbeviwo ene, nanya futɔ aɖe (abe dɔlékui alo dɔlékui ene) nyuie hafi ate ŋu atsrɔ̃e. Ema fia be ele be hehe aɖe nanɔ wo si eye woaɖo ŋku futɔ ma dzi.

Gake míaƒe nuƒola, `NK cells`, mehiã hehe alo dzesidede do ŋgɔ aɖeke o. Woate ŋu atsrɔ̃ lãmenugbagbevi ɖesiaɖe si ate ŋu anye afɔku na wo ne wonya kpɔe ko, nuteƒekpɔkpɔ aɖeke manɔmee do ŋgɔ. Wole abe dzɔla avu dzeaɖaŋu aɖe si dea dzesi fiafitɔ le dzɔdzɔme nu eye wòti kpo ɖe edzi ne fiafitɔ aɖe ge ɖe aƒe aɖe me ene.

Nuka tututue dzɔna ɖe NK lãmenugbagbevi siawo dzi?

Dɔ vevitɔ si `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔnae nye be woatsrɔ̃ lãmenugbagbevi siwo nɔ lãmesẽ me tsã gake fifia wole afɔku me na míaƒe ŋutilã. Esia lɔ:

• Lãmenugbagbevi siwo me dɔlékuiwo le: Ne dɔlékui aɖe ge ɖe ŋutilãa me la, egena ɖe míaƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmesẽ me eye wòkpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe wo dzi. `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo ateŋu ade dzesi dɔlékui ƒe dɔwɔƒe siawo eye woatsrɔ̃ wo hafi dɔlékuia nate ŋu akaka ɖe edzi.
• Kansa lãmenugbagbeviwo: Ŋutete wɔnuku aɖe le NK lãmenugbagbeviwo si be woade dzesi kansa lãmenugbagbevi aɖewo siwo dona le míaƒe ŋutilã me le woƒe gɔmedzedze eye wogblẽa wo. Eyata lãmenugbagbevi siawo wɔa akpa gã aɖe le mɔxexe ɖe kansa ƒe kaka nu me.

`NK` lãmenugbagbevi siawo nye míaƒe dzɔdzɔme dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe akpa vevi aɖe ŋutɔ. Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete siae nye míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe ametakpɔnu gbãtɔ. Bu míaƒe ŋutilã abe mɔ̃ sesẽ ene. Mɔ̃ sesẽ ma ƒe gliwo (míaƒe ŋutigbalẽ) kple tɔʋuwo (mucous membranes) ye nye nu gbãtɔ siwo xea mɔ na dɔlékuiwo be woagage ɖe eme o. Gake ne futɔ aɖe to mɔxenu mawo ŋu to mɔ aɖe nu hege ɖe eme la, asrafoha gbãtɔ si yia aʋa dzie nye dɔlélenutsiŋutete sia si wodzina. Asrafo nyuitɔwo kekeake le ƒuƒoƒo ma mee nye `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo.

Enyo, eyata aleke NK lãmenugbagbevi siawo wɔa dɔe?

Esia nye nuwɔna dodzidzɔname aɖe ŋutɔ. `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo le tsatsam le míaƒe ŋutilã ŋu ɣesiaɣi. Esi wole esia wɔm la, "woléa ŋku ɖe" lãmenugbagbevi ɖesiaɖe si wodo goe ŋu, henɔa biabiam be, "Míaƒe lãmenugbagbevi si le lãmesẽ me nye esia loo alo lãmenugbagbevi si me afɔku le?" Nyametsotso nenye be `NK` lãmenugbagbevi aɖe atsrɔ̃ lãmenugbagbevi aɖe alo magblẽe o la nɔ te ɖe dzesi siwo wòxɔ alo mexɔna tso lãmenugbagbevi si wòle skan me o dzi (mina míayɔe be `target cell').

Lãmenugbagbevi geɖe le NK lãmenugbagbevi ƒe anyime siwo ate ŋu ana lãmenugbagbevi aɖe nawɔ dɔ eye wòaxe mɔ ɖe eƒe tsɔtsrɔ̃ nu.

Aleke míewɔna dea dzesi lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmesẽ me eye míeƒoa asa na nugbegblẽ le wo ŋu? (Mɔxexe ɖe enu) .

Lãmenugbagbevi ɖesiaɖe kloe si le lãmesẽ me le míaƒe ŋutilã me ƒe dzesidegbalẽvi le eƒe go dzi si dzi woŋlɔ ɖo be, "Nyee nye lãmenugbagbevi si le lãmesẽ me si le ŋutilã sia me." Woyɔa esia be MHC-1 . Ne NK lãmenugbagbevi aɖe yi ɖanɔ tsatsam la, ne edo go lãmenugbagbevi aɖe la, eléa ŋku ɖe MHC-1 ID-gbalẽvi sia ŋu.

Ne ID la sɔ, si fia be lãmenugbagbevi la le lãmesẽ me la, MHC-1 la blana ɖe mɔxexeɖedɔlékui si le NK lãmenugbagbevi la dzi ŋu. Ele abe dzɔla aɖe le ID la kpɔm hele gbɔgblɔm be, "Enyo, àte ŋu ayi." Le ɣeyiɣi ma me la, ɖeko NK lãmenugbagbevi la ƒe amewuwu ƒe ɖoɖoa tsina. Eyata NK lãmenugbagbevi la yia ɖalé ŋku ɖe lãmenugbagbevi si kplɔe ɖo ŋu evɔ megblẽa nu le lãmenugbagbevi si le lãmesẽ me ŋu o.

Aleke nètso nya me be yeatsrɔ̃ lãmenugbagbevi siwo me afɔku le? (Dɔwɔwɔ) .

`NK` lãmenugbagbevi aɖe gena ɖe avuwɔwɔa me le nɔnɔme siawo tɔgbe me:

• Ne ID-gbalẽvi (MHC-1) bu: Lãmenugbagbevi siwo ŋu dɔlékui le kple kansa lãmenugbagbevi aɖewo ɣlaa ID-gbalẽvi sia si woyɔna be `MHC-1`. Emae nye be woaƒo asa na dɔlélenutsiŋutete. Gake `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo nye ayetɔ ŋutɔ. Ne wokpɔ gaxɔ aɖe si me ID-gbalẽvi mele o ko la, wotso nya me be ɖikeke le eŋu eye wodze edzi.
• Ne dzesidegbalẽvi (MHC-1) dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ: Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, lãmenugbagbevi aɖe ƒe `MHC-1` mebu keŋkeŋ o, gake agbɔsɔsɔa dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Ema hã nye nuxlɔ̃amedzesi na `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo.
• Ne èle dzesi siwo le dɔ wɔm la xɔm:Lãmenugbagbevi aɖewo siwo ŋu dɔlélea le kple kansa lãmenugbagbeviwo doa dzesi tɔxɛ bubuwo ɖe woƒe gowo dzi siwo gblɔna be "Afɔku le menye." Ne ‘nulénu siwo wɔa dɔ’ siwo le NK lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi xɔ dzesi siawo la, amewuwua dzea egɔme.

Ne NK lãmenugbagbevi tso nya me be yeatsrɔ̃ lãmenugbagbevi aɖe vɔ la, ezãa atikewɔtu eve siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ.

1. Perforin: Esia nana do aɖe nɔa lãmenugbagbevi si woɖo taɖodzinu na la ƒe gota.

2. Granzymes: Woɖoa enzyme siawo siwo woyɔna be `granzymes` to do si wowɔ la me. Ne amesiawo nya ge ɖe eme ko la, wotsrɔ̃a lãmenugbagbevi si woɖo taɖodzinu na la tso ememe.

Ne NK lãmenugbagbevi la wu dɔ sia nu vɔ la, eɖoa gbedasiwo (to cytokines dzi) ɖe ame bubuwo be woava kɔ wo ŋu akpɔe ɖa be futɔ bubuwo gali hã.

Afikae NK lãmenugbagbevi siawo le le míaƒe ŋutilã me?

NK lãmenugbagbeviwo tsina gbã le míaƒe ƒumeŋuɖui me. Emae nye akpa si le abe ƒumeŋuɖui ene le míaƒe ƒu gãwo me. Ne NK lãmenugbagbevi aɖewo tsi le afima vɔ la, wonɔa ƒumeŋuɖui me. Ame bubuwo zɔa mɔ yia ŋutinu vovovo siwo do ƒome kple míaƒe ʋukawo me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me:

• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe lãkusiwo
• Aɖuɖɔtoe
• Tonsils ƒe lãkusiwo
• Thymus ƒe lãmekawo

Ne esiawo nya tsi va zu NK lãmenugbagbeviwo ko la, woɖea asi le wo ŋu yia ʋukawo me. Esia tae lãmenugbagbevi siawo sɔ gbɔ ɖe míaƒe ʋu me ɖo. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, woate ŋu akpɔ NK lãmenugbagbevi siawo le ŋutinuwo abe aklã kple lãkusi ene hã me. Zi geɖe la, NK lãmenugbagbevi siwo wu biliɔn 2 nɔa ame tsitsi ƒe ŋutilã me le ɣeyiɣi ɖesiaɖe me. Gake woƒe agbenɔƒe le kpuie vie, anɔ abe kwasiɖa eve ene.

Vovototo kae le NK lãmenugbagbeviwo kple Cytotoxic T-lãmenugbagbeviwo dome?

Togbɔ be lãmenugbagbevi siawo evea siaa nye lãmenugbagbevi siwo wua ame le dɔlélenutsiŋutete me hã la, woƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple dɔwɔwɔ to vovo. Be nàse vovototo sia gɔme nyuie la, kpɔ kplɔ̃ si le ete.

Dɔléle kawoe NK lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe kuxiwo hena vɛ?

NK lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ le míaƒe ŋutilã me, alo lãmenugbagbevi siwo mewɔ dɔ nyuie o ƒe amesinɔnɔ nye afɔku gã aɖe na míaƒe lãmesẽ, elabena eɖea míaƒe ŋutete be míawɔ avu kple dɔlékuiwo kple kansa dzi kpɔtɔna.

Numekukuwo ɖee fia be tɔtrɔ siwo vaa NK lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me ate ŋu ahe dɔléle vovovowo vɛ.

• Dɔlélenutsiŋutete ƒe dɔlélewo: Le dɔléle siawo me la, míaƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete dzea mía ŋutɔwo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo le lãmesẽ me dzi. Woxɔe se be `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ate ŋu anye nusi gbɔ nɔnɔme sia tso.
• Asrã: NK lãmenugbagbeviwo kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòɖua yaƒoƒomɔ̃wo ƒe dɔdzẽ dzi alo dzina ɖe edzi le asrã me.
• Dɔgbo ƒe Dɔléle (IBD): NK lãmenugbagbeviwo kpɔa gome le ŋutilã ƒe dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlékui siwo le nuɖuɖumeŋusẽ me ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ eve siwo wodzina la li siwo nye NK lãmenugbagbeviwo koŋ tɔ.

1. Classical Natural Killer Cell Deficiency (NKD): NK lãmenugbagbevi ʋɛ aɖewo koe nɔa amesiwo ŋu dɔléle sia le ƒe ʋu me alo womekpɔnɛ kura o.

2. Dzɔdzɔme Lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe Dɔmawɔmawɔ (NKD):Togbɔ be `NK` lãmenugbagbeviwo sɔ gbɔ le afisia hã la, lãmenugbagbevi mawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, si nye woƒe ŋutete be woatsrɔ̃ lãmenugbagbeviwo, gbɔdzɔ ŋutɔ.

Amesiwo ŋu dɔléle evea siaa le la le afɔku me be woaxɔ dɔlékuiwo enuenu, vevietɔ dɔlékuiwo ƒe dɔlélewo. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, HPV, herpes, cytomegalovirus (CMV), kple dɔlékui si hea koklozi vɛ ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe ame dzi.