Do you have allergies too? (Allergies) - Let's find out everything about this!

Do you also sneeze often? Do you have a runny nose ? Or do you itch and scratch your body after eating certain foods? Do your eyes become red and watery? These things are not just normal. These can often be symptoms of an 'allergy'. Many people in our country suffer from this condition. So today, let's talk simply about what this allergy is, how it develops, and what we can do about it, like a friend of yours.

Simply put, what is an allergy?

An allergy is when our body's defense system, the immune system , overreacts to something that is actually harmless to us. Think of our body as a fortress, and the immune system is the security guards inside. Normally, these guards only attack bad enemies like viruses and bacteria that enter our body.

But when something normally harmless (such as dust, pollen, or certain foods) enters the body of someone with an allergy, these defenses go into overdrive. They think a dangerous enemy has arrived. We call these things that upset the immune system allergens .

So, to fight against such an allergen, our body makes a special protein, called an antibody . As a result of this fight, we get symptoms like sneezing, itching, hives, and difficulty breathing .

What are the most common allergens?

Almost anything in our environment can be an allergen, but there are a few types of allergens that are most commonly seen.

What are the symptoms of an allergy?

Symptoms can vary depending on what you are allergic to and how that allergen enters the body.

• If inhaled: sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, cough, chest tightness.
• Skin contact: Skin conditions such as hives, redness, itching, eczema.
• If it gets into the eyes: redness , itching, tearing.
• If ingested as food or medicine: stomach cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, swelling of the mouth, tongue, or throat.

Worst case: Anaphylaxis

This is the most dangerous stage of an allergy and requires emergency medical treatment. It can occur suddenly. The symptoms are:

• Feeling of severe difficulty breathing , feeling like your throat is constricted.
• Itching all over the body.
• Swelling of the mouth, lips, tongue, and face.
• Dizziness ( vertigo ), feeling like you might lose consciousness.
• Heart palpitations.
• Vomiting and severe stomach pain.

How do you know for sure if you have an allergy?

If you suspect you have an allergy, the best thing to do is see your doctor . He or she will ask you questions, examine you, and refer you for some tests if necessary.

1. Skin Prick Test: This is the most common test. Here, very small amounts of different allergens are placed on your skin and a small needle is used to prick the surface of the skin. Within 15-20 minutes, if there is anything you are allergic to, the area will swell and become red, as if you were bitten by a mosquito.

2. Blood Tests: Sometimes, especially for people with skin conditions or those who cannot have skin tests, a blood test can help determine if an allergy is present.

3. Elimination Diet: If a food is suspected to be causing an allergy, your doctor will tell you to stop eating that food for a few weeks. Then, see if your symptoms improve, and then gradually reintroduce the food to see if your symptoms return. This should only be done under medical advice .

What are the treatments for allergies?

The best treatment for an allergy is to avoid the allergen . But that's not always possible. In such cases, there are various treatments to control symptoms. All of these should be discussed with your doctor.

• Antihistamines: These are the most commonly used medications for allergies. They help reduce symptoms such as itching, sneezing, and runny nose.
• Corticosteroids: Available as nasal sprays, creams, and pills, these help reduce swelling in the body and the overactivity of the immune system.
• Decongestants: These are used as a temporary solution to nasal congestion.
• Immunotherapy: This is a longer-term treatment. In this, you start with very small amounts of the allergen you are allergic to, and gradually increase the dose, either by injection or by taking a pill under the tongue. Over time, your body becomes less sensitive to the allergen.
• Emergency Epinephrine Shot: For people with severe allergies (anaphylaxis), your doctor may prescribe a pen-like device (auto-injector). This can be given to you in an emergency. It's a lifesaver!

Things you can do at home to protect yourself from allergies

The most important thing is to avoid allergens. These things will help with that.

• Keep your home clean: Reduce dust accumulation areas (carpet, heavy curtains, stuffed toys). Wipe away dust with a damp cloth.
• Bed sheets and pillowcases: Wash in hot water at least once a week.
• During high pollen season: Keep windows closed in the morning and evening. It's a good idea to change clothes and wash your body after coming out.
• Prevent mold: Ensure that areas with high humidity, such as bathrooms and kitchens, are well ventilated.
• If you have a food allergy: Before buying a food, read the ingredients on the label carefully.

Allergic, Allergies, Sneezing, Skin Rashes, Food Allergy, Anaphylaxis, Antihistamine