Shin kuna tuna da yawan magana game da gwajin rigakafi a lokacin COVID-19? Duk mun ji labarai kamar, 'Idan gwajin ya kasance tabbatacce, yana nufin kun taɓa kamuwa da cutar a da.' To menene ainihin gwajin rigakafi, ko kuma kamar yadda wasu ke kira shi, gwajin serology? A yau, za mu yi magana game da abin da yake nema a jikinmu ta hanya mai sauƙi da fahimta.
Bari mu fara gani, menene waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi?
A taƙaice dai, jikinmu kamar ƙasa ne. Lokacin da maƙiyi, kamar ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko wani abu mai haifar da rashin lafiyan jiki, ya shiga ƙasarmu, sojojinmu, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu, suna ƙirƙirar sojoji na musamman don yaƙi da wannan abokin gaba. Muna kiran waɗannan sojoji da ƙwayoyin rigakafi .
Waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi nau'in furotin ne. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine jiki ba ya yin irin wannan nau'in sojoji ga kowane abokin gaba da ya taɓa shi. Ana yin wani nau'in ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga wani ƙwayar cuta, kuma ana yin wani nau'in ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga wani ƙwayar cuta. Wannan yana nufin jikinmu yana gina rundunar sojoji da aka horar musamman don kowane yaƙi.
To me gwajin rigakafi ke yi?
Abu ne mai sauƙi. Gwajin rigakafi yana neman waɗannan "sojoji na musamman" (maganin rigakafi) a cikin jininka. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine wannan gwajin ba ya neman maƙiyi (ƙwayar cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta) , amma ga sojojin da jikinmu ya gina don yaƙar wannan abokin gaba.
Misali, idan ka yi gwajin rigakafi na COVID-19, yana duba ko jininka yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin rigakafi da aka yi wa ƙwayar COVID-19.
- Idan gwajin ya nuna cewa kana da cutar COVID-19: Yana nufin an taɓa kamuwa da cutar COVID-19 a baya, ko kuma ka karɓi allurar rigakafin COVID-19.
- Idan gwajin bai nuna wata alama ba: Yana nufin cewa ba ka da waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi a jikinka.
Muhimmi: Gwajin rigakafi ba gwajin gano cuta ba ne wanda ke duba ko kana da wata cuta a halin yanzu. Wannan saboda yana iya ɗaukar makonni da yawa kafin ƙwayoyin rigakafi su haɓaka. Saboda haka, ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje kamar gwajin PCR ko gwajin Antigen don duba ko kana da cutar a halin yanzu.
Yaushe ake buƙatar wannan gwajin rigakafi?
Gwajin rigakafi yana da amfani a yanayi da yawa. Ana amfani da shi don gano wasu cututtuka da yawa, ba kawai COVID-19 ba.
| Dama | Bayani |
|---|---|
| Game da COVID-19 |
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| Don gano wasu cututtuka |
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| Rashin lafiyan jiki | Ana amfani da gwajin rigakafi don ganin ko jikinka yana da rashin lafiyar wasu abubuwa (allergens). Amma wani lokacin, musamman ma da abinci, gwaje-gwaje na iya bayar da sakamako mara kyau. Wannan yana nufin cewa ko da gwajin ya kasance tabbatacce, ƙila ba za ka yi rashin lafiyar wannan abu ba. |
Akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin rigakafi?
Eh, akwai manyan nau'ikan rigakafi guda 5 a jikinmu.
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
- Immunoglobulin D (IgD)
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
- Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
- Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan yana da nasa ayyukan, amma idan muka yi magana game da cututtuka, mun fi jin labarin IgM da IgG .
A taƙaice dai, idan kamuwa da cuta ya shiga jiki, ƙwayoyin rigakafi na farko da aka samar su ne ƙwayoyin rigakafi na IgM . Waɗannan su ne rundunar farko da za ta fara yaƙi. Ana samar da su da sauri kuma su ɓace bayan wani lokaci.
Sannan akwai IgG.Ana samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ke zama a jikinmu na dogon lokaci, wani lokacin na tsawon watanni ko shekaru, kuma suna tunawa da yaƙi da abokan gaba idan ya dawo. Don haka samun ƙwayoyin rigakafi na IgG yana nufin cewa kun taɓa kamuwa da cuta a baya kuma kun sami wani matakin kariya daga gare ta.
Shin gwajin rigakafi na zai tabbatar da ingancina idan na sami allurar rigakafin COVID-19?
Eh, yana yiwuwa. Domin abin da allurar rigakafi ke yi shi ne koya wa jikinmu yin ƙwayoyin rigakafi don yaƙar ƙwayar cuta. Don haka tunda jikinka yana da ƙwayoyin rigakafi bayan allurar, idan ka yi gwajin ƙwayoyin rigakafi, yana yiwuwa ya zama mai kyau.
Yadda ake yin gwajin da kuma shiri
Wannan abu ne mai sauƙi ƙwarai, kamar gwajin jini na yau da kullun.
- Shiri: Wannan gwajin ba ya buƙatar wani shiri na musamman. Idan zai yiwu, a saka tufafi masu gajeren hannu, domin hakan zai sauƙaƙa wa mutum ɗaukar jini.
- A lokacin gwajin: Likita ko ma'aikaciyar jinya za su ɗauki ƙaramin samfurin jini daga jijiyar da ke hannunka. Za ka iya jin ɗan zafi lokacin da aka saka allurar, amma yawanci ba ta da zafi sosai. Wani lokaci ana iya yin wannan gwajin ta hanyar ɗaukar ƙaramin jini daga yatsanka.
- Bayan gwajin: Za a shafa ƙaramin bandeji a wurin da aka ɗauki jinin. Ana iya cire shi bayan 'yan awanni. Yankin na iya jin ɗan rauni, wanda hakan al'ada ce.
Wannan gwaji ne mai aminci sosai. Duk da haka, wasu mutane na iya jin ɗan jiri bayan sun bayar da jini. Idan kana da wannan dabi'a, ka gaya wa mutumin da ya ɗauki jinin kafin lokaci.
Me sakamakon gwajin ya ce?
Idan ka sami sakamakonka, kana son sanin ainihin ma'anarsu.
| Sakamako | Abin da zai iya nufi |
|---|---|
| Mai Kyau | Kana da kwayoyin rigakafi a cikin jininka. Idan aka yi la'akari da COVID-19, wannan na iya zama daga kamuwa da cuta a baya ko kuma daga allurar riga-kafi. Yawanci, idan kamuwa da cutar ta yi tsanani, matakan kwayoyin rigakafi na iya zama da yawa. |
| Mara kyau | Wannan na iya nufin abubuwa da yawa:
|
Muhimmi sosai: Ko da gwajin rigakafi ya nuna cewa kana da ƙwayoyin rigakafi, ba ya tabbatar da cewa kana da cikakken kariya daga cutar kuma ba za ka sake kamuwa da ita ba (rigakafi) . Musamman ma da cututtuka kamar COVID-19, akwai yiwuwar sake kamuwa da cutar koda kuwa kana da ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Saboda haka, bai kamata a ɗauki wannan gwajin a matsayin garantin rigakafi ba.
Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi game da sakamakon gwajinka ko kuma kana son sanin ainihin ma'anarsa, ka tabbata ka yi magana da likitanka. Zai yi maka bayani.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Gwajin rigakafi ba ya duba ƙwayar cuta da ta haifar da cutar, sai dai ga ƙwayoyin rigakafi da jiki ya samar a kanta.
- Wannan ba zai iya gaya maka ko kana da kamuwa da cuta ba. Ana amfani da wasu gwaje-gwaje kamar PCR ko Antigen don hakan.
- A lokuta kamar COVID-19, sakamako mai kyau na iya faruwa idan kun taɓa kamuwa da cutar a baya ko kuma kun taɓa karɓar allurar rigakafin.
- Ko da sakamako mai kyau ya dawo, ba za a iya cewa da tabbacin cewa akwai cikakken kariya daga cututtuka ba.
- Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi game da sakamakon gwajinka, mafi kyawun kuma mafi dacewa da za ka yi magana da shi shine likitanka.
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