Me ke faruwa a cikin zuciyarka? Bari mu yi magana game da hoton zuciya.

Shin ka taɓa jin ɗan ciwo a ƙirjinka, wahalar numfashi, ko bugun zuciya mara kyau? A irin wannan lokacin, idan ka je ganin likita, wataƙila ka ji yana cewa, "Bari mu yi gwajin zuciya." Menene ainihin gwajin zuciya, ko ɗaukar hotuna? Me waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ke nema? Shin abin tsoro ne? To, a yau za mu yi magana game da komai ta hanya mai sauƙi, ta hanyar da za ka iya fahimta.

Menene hoton zuciya?

A taƙaice dai, hoton zuciya kalma ce ta gama gari da ake amfani da ita wajen ɗaukar hotunan zuciyarka da jijiyoyin jini da kyallen da ke kewaye da ita. Kamar ɗaukar hoto da wayar salula, waɗannan dabarun suna ba likitoci damar ganin abin da ke faruwa a cikin zuciyarka a sarari, ko tana aiki lafiya, ko kuma idan akwai matsala a wani wuri.

Wannan ba gwaji ɗaya ba ne. Ya ƙunshi nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban da likitanka zai yanke shawara a kansu dangane da yanayinka. Wani lokaci, ana iya yin gwaje-gwaje biyu ko uku don samun cikakken hoto game da lafiyar zuciyarka.

Me yasa likita zai yi odar irin wannan gwajin?

Akwai dalilai da dama da yasa likita zai iya ba da shawarar wannan nau'in gwajin. Ka yi tunanin, injin motarka yana yin wani irin ƙara mai ban mamaki, amma ba za ka iya gano dalilin ba. To, mafi kyawun abin da za a yi shi ne buɗe murfin motar a duba injin. Wannan abu ɗaya ne.

Ga wasu daga cikin manyan dalilan:

• Duba cututtukan zuciya: Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya taimakawa wajen gano matsalolin zuciya kafin alamun su bayyana.
• Gano cutar daidai (Gano cutar): Idan kana da alamomi kamar ciwon ƙirji da wahalar numfashi, waɗannan suna da mahimmanci don tantance ko sanadin matsalar zuciya ce, kuma idan haka ne, menene.
• Kimanta girman lalacewar: Idan bugun zuciya ya faru ba zato ba tsammani, waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna taimakawa wajen auna girman lalacewar da aka yi wa zuciya daidai.
• Auna nasarar magani: Ana kuma yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen don ganin ko yanayin zuciyar wanda ke karɓar magani saboda cututtukan zuciya yana inganta da kuma ko maganin yana aiki yadda ya kamata.

Wadanne manyan hanyoyin ɗaukar hotunan zuciya ne?

To, yanzu bari mu dubi menene waɗannan manyan nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje. Kowanne daga cikinsu ya bambanta. Abin da aka yi wa gwaji ɗaya ba shine abin da aka yi wa wani gwaji ba. Don haka likitanka zai zaɓi gwajin da ya fi dacewa da kai.

Mene ne Echocardiogram (Echo)?

Wannan ita ce gwajin da aka fi yi. Kamar hoton jaririn da ke dauke da juna biyu, wannan kuma yana amfani da sautin sauti (ultrasound).Don haka babu wani tasirin radiation a jikinka. Wannan yana da matuƙar aminci. Likita zai iya amfani da wannan don ganin, kamar bidiyo kai tsaye, ko ɗakunan zuciyarka da bawuloli suna aiki yadda ya kamata, yadda kauri bangon zuciyarka yake, da kuma yadda zuciyarka ke fitar da jini sosai.

Menene CT scan na zuciya?

Wannan ya ɗan fi rikitarwa fiye da na'urar X-ray ta yau da kullun. Ka yi tunanin kamar yanka burodi zuwa yanka. CT scan yana ɗaukar hotunan X-ray daga kusurwoyi daban-daban ta cikin zuciyarka sannan ya haɗa su a kwamfuta don ƙirƙirar hoton zuciyarka mai girma uku (3D). Wannan zai iya nuna a sarari ko jijiyoyin zuciya, waɗanda ke ba da jini ga zuciya, suna da ma'ajiyar calcium ko kuma an toshe su a ko'ina.

Bari mu yi magana game da Gwajin Damuwa na Zuciyar Nukiliya

Wasu mutane suna jin tsoro kaɗan idan suka ji wannan sunan. Idan suka ji kalmar "nukiliya," sai su yi tunanin babban abu ne. Amma babu abin da za a ji tsoro. Abin da za ku yi shi ne ku zuba ƙaramin abu mai aminci na rediyoaktif (tracer) a cikin jijiyar ku. Lokacin da wannan abu ya yi tafiya tare da jini zuwa zuciya, kyamara ta musamman za ta gano shi kuma ta ƙirƙiri taswirar yadda jini ke kwarara zuwa tsokoki na zuciya.

Ana yin wannan gwajin a sassa biyu:

1. Lokacin da kake hutawa.

2. Lokacin da bugun zuciyarka ya ƙaru bayan tafiya a kan na'urar motsa jiki ko motsa jiki (damuwa).

Ta hanyar kwatanta waɗannan biyun, likita zai iya tantance ko wani ɓangare na zuciya ba ya samun isasshen jini lokacin da yake cikin damuwa. PET na Zuciya (Positron Emission Tomography) da Cardiac SPECT (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography) manyan gwaje-gwaje ne guda biyu na wannan nau'in.

Menene jijiyar zuciya (Coronary Angiogram)?

Wannan ita ce gwajin "ma'aunin zinare" don duba toshewar jijiyoyin zuciyarka. Ana saka siririn bututu mai sassauƙa, wanda ake kira catheter , ta wuyan hannu ko jijiyar hannu a cikin jijiyoyin jini a cikin zuciyarka. Sannan ana allurar fenti na musamman ta cikin bututun sannan a ɗauki hoton X-ray. Rini yana sa jijiyoyin jini su bayyana a sarari akan X-ray. Yana iya nuna ainihin inda jijiyar ta yi ƙunci ko kuma ta toshe gaba ɗaya. Wani lokaci, idan aka sami toshewa, likitoci za su iya saka ƙaramin na'ura mai kama da raga (stent) don buɗe ta nan take.

Menene MRI na Zuciya?

Wataƙila kun ji labarin MRI. Ba ya amfani da X-ray. Madadin haka, yana amfani da ƙarfin filayen maganadisu da raƙuman rediyo don ƙirƙirar hotuna masu haske da cikakkun bayanai na zuciya. (Kai, Malayalam ya shiga. Dole ne a yi hankali. Sinhala kawai). Yana amfani da ƙarfin filayen maganadisu da raƙuman rediyo don ƙirƙirar hotuna masu haske da cikakkun bayanai na zuciya. Yana da matukar amfani don gano abubuwa kamar lalacewar tsokar zuciya, tabo, da kumburi.

Ta yaya ya kamata in shirya don wannan gwajin?

Yadda kake buƙatar shiryawa na iya bambanta dangane da gwajin da kake yi. Likitanka ko ma'aikatan asibiti za su ba ka umarni masu haske game da wannan. Amma akwai wasu abubuwa da ya kamata ka tuna.

Akwai wasu haɗari a cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen?

Labari mai daɗi shine cewa da yawa daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna da aminci sosai. Ba sa buƙatar manyan yankewa kamar tiyata.

Ba kasafai ake samun rashin lafiyan rini da aka yi amfani da shi a gwajin angiogram ko CT scan ba. Duk da haka, wannan ba kasafai ake samunsa ba. Idan kun taɓa samun irin wannan rashin lafiyan a baya, ku gaya wa likitan ku game da shi a gaba.

Radiyon X da na'urar daukar hoton CT suna fallasa ka ga ƙaramin adadin radiation, amma yawanci adadin yana da aminci. Likita ya ba da umarnin wannan gwajin saboda fa'idodin sun fi ƙananan haɗarin.