Shin kun taɓa jin labarin wannan cuta inda kuke yin shuɗi a lokacin sanyi kuma kuna jin gajiya sosai? (Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin)

Shin wani lokacin kana jin shuɗi a yatsunka da yatsunka lokacin da kake sanyi sosai? Ko kuma kana jin gajiya da rauni ba tare da wani dalili ba? Wataƙila fatar jikinka ta yi fari. Idan kana da waɗannan alamun, dalilin na iya zama yanayi mai wuya, amma wani abu ne da muke buƙatar sani. A yau, za mu yi magana game da wannan yanayin da ake kira 'Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin (CAD),' wanda ke nufin "cutar tarin ƙwayoyin jini" a Sinhala.

Menene "Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin (CAD)"? Bari mu fahimce ta a taƙaice.

A taƙaice dai, "Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin (CAD)" cuta ce ta jini da ba kasafai ake samunta ba inda garkuwar jikinmu - tsarin da ke kare mu daga cututtuka kamar sojoji a jikinmu - ke kai hari kan ƙwayoyin jininmu masu lafiya cikin kuskure .

Ka yi tunanin, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yawanci yana samar da wani nau'in furotin na musamman da ake kira 'antibodies' don lalata ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da ke shiga jiki. Amma a wannan yanayin na CAD, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana samar da wani nau'in 'antibody' na musamman da ake kira 'autoantibody', wanda kuma aka sani da 'cold agglutinin'. Babban abin da ke cikin wannan shi ne yana kai hari da lalata ƙwayoyin jinin ja masu lafiya a jikinmu.

Kamar yadda kuka sani, jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci wanda ke ɗaukar iskar oxygen a cikin jikinmu. Wannan iskar oxygen yana taimaka wa ƙwayoyin halittarmu su samar da kuzarin da suke buƙata. Don haka, lokacin da adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta ya ragu, wato, lokacin da aka sami rashin jini , jikinmu yana fuskantar nau'ikan rashin jin daɗi iri-iri.

"Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin" tana cikin wani rukuni na rashin jini da ake kira "hemolytic anemia". "Hemolytic anemia" yana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙashin mu ke karya ƙwayoyin jinin ja da sauri fiye da yadda zai iya yin sababbi. Kamar bokiti ne da ke da rami a ciki kuma yana fara zubar da ruwa.

Yaya aka yi wannan ciwon ake kiransa da 'Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin'?

Wannan a zahiri yanayi ne mai matuƙar wahala . Kusan mutum ɗaya cikin mutane 100,000 ne kawai ake gano suna da cutar kowace shekara. Ya fi yawa a cikin mata tsakanin shekaru 40 zuwa 80. Duk da haka, mafi yawan waɗanda aka gano suna kamuwa da cutar suna cikin mutanen da ke tsakiyar shekarun 60.

Ta yaya 'Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin' ke shafar jikina?

Wannan cuta na iya haifar da alamun rashin jini. Rashin jini shine lokacin da jiki ba shi da isasshen ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Dangane da dalilin, wannan yanayin na iya zama na dogon lokaci ko na ɗan gajeren lokaci . Hakanan, tasirin da ke kan jiki na iya bambanta daga mai sauƙi zuwa mai tsanani .

Misali, idan CAD ba ta da tsanani, alamun na iya bayyana a hankali. Yana iya ɗaukar shekaru kafin a gano cutar. Duk da haka, a cikin mawuyacin hali, CAD na iya haifar da mummunan yanayi, har ma da barazanar rai.Yana yiwuwa hakan ta faru.

Sunan wannan cuta yana ɗauke da kalmar "sanyi". Saboda haka, ana jin waɗannan alamun sosai a yankunan da ke da yanayin sanyi ko kuma a ranakun sanyi.

Mene ne alamun 'Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin'?

Alamomin CAD galibi suna da alaƙa da rashin jini da kuma rashin kwararar jini a cikin jiki. Waɗannan alamomin sun haɗa da:

• Jin gajiya sosai (Gajiya) : Ba wai kawai gajiya ba, har ma da jin rashin rai.
• Rauni : Jiki yana yin rauni sosai har ba zai iya yin komai ba.
• Jin jiri : Jin juyawa.
• Gumi : Gumi a banza.
• Wahalar numfashi (dyspnea) : Wahalar numfashi koda da ɗan ƙoƙari.
• Yawan bugun zuciya (tachycardia) : Yawan bugun zuciya yana ƙaruwa.
• Pallor : Fatar tana rasa jinin da ke kwarara kuma tana yin fari.
• Yatsun hannu, yatsun hannu, da kunnuwa suna yin shuɗi idan aka yi musu sanyi (abin da ya faru a Raynaud) : Idan ka je wuri mai sanyi kamar Nuwara Eliya, ko kuma idan ka taɓa ruwan sanyi, yatsun hannunka, da kunnuwanka suna yin shuɗi, wani lokacin fari. Wannan kuma yana iya kasancewa tare da suma.

Haka kuma za ka iya samun alamun jaundice . Idan aka lalata jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, suna fitar da wani abu mai launin rawaya da ake kira bilirubin. Idan wannan bilirubin ya taru a jiki, jaundice yana faruwa. Alamomin jaundice sun haɗa da:

• Fitsari mai launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.
• Wuce, fararen idanu da irises suna da launin rawaya.

Mene ne ke haifar da 'Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin'?

Cutar Sanyi Agglutinin nau'in cutar anemia ce ta jini mai kama da na jiki. Wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana kai hari ga ƙwayoyin halittarmu. A cikin CAD, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana aiki ne ta hanyar sanyi kuma yana samar da wani antibody wanda ke "lakabi" ƙwayoyin jinin ja don lalata su. Kwayoyin jinin ja da aka yiwa alama suna mannewa tare kuma suna taruwa (agglutinate). Kwayoyin da suka taruwa za a iya kama su cikin sauƙi ta wani ɓangare na tsarin garkuwar jikinmu, wanda ake kira macrophages.

Wannan tsari yana farawa ne lokacin da zafin jiki ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 3-4 na Celsius (digiri 37-39 na Fahrenheit). Ka yi la'akari da cewa zafin jikinmu na yau da kullun yana kusa da digiri 37 na Celsius. Wannan matsalar tana farawa ne lokacin da muka fuskanci yanayin zafi ƙasa da haka.

CAD tana kawo cikas ga tsarin da jikinmu yake bi wajen samar da ƙwayoyin jinin ja masu lafiya. Yawanci, ƙwayoyin jinin ja suna rayuwa na tsawon kwanaki 120. A wannan lokacin, ƙashin ƙashinmu na iya samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin jinin ja don maye gurbin waɗanda suka mutu. Amma a cikin CAD, wannan zagayen yana wargajewa.

Masu bincike har yanzu ba su san ainihin dalilin da ya sa garkuwar jikinmu ke kai hari ga ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya ba.Wani lokaci CAD na iya faruwa ne sakamakon wata matsalar lafiya. Ana kiran wannan da 'CAD na biyu'. Idan ba a sami irin wannan haɗin ba, ma'ana CAD yana tasowa ba tare da wani dalili ba, ana kiransa 'CAD na farko' ko 'CAD na idiopathic'.

Wadanne wasu yanayi ne za a iya dangantawa da "Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin"?

CAD na biyu yawanci ana danganta shi da kamuwa da cuta, cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da garkuwar jiki, da kuma cututtukan lymphoproliferative. Misali:

• 'Maganin mononucleosis mai yaduwa' (zazzabin glandular)
• Ciwon huhu na Mycoplasma
• 'Cytomegalovirus'
• Lupus
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• 'Matsalar Lymphoma ta Non-Hodgkin'
• Cutar sankarar lymphocytic na yau da kullun
• "Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia"

Waɗannan sunaye na iya zama kamar suna da ɗan rikitarwa a gare ku, amma waɗannan takamaiman sunaye ne da likitoci ke amfani da su, don haka yana da kyau ku san su.

Yaya ake gane cutar 'Cold Agglutinin Disease'? (Ganewar asali)

Likitan ku zai yi muku tambaya game da alamomin ku kuma ya sake duba tarihin lafiyar ku. Sannan, za su yi muku odar wasu gwaje-gwaje na musamman na jini don duba ko kuna da cutar anemia ta hemolytic da kuma ko kuna da ƙwayoyin cuta masu alaƙa da CAD.

Gwaje-gwajen jini da ake amfani da su don gano cutar anemia ta hemolytic sune:

• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC) : Wannan yana ba da cikakken bayani game da ƙwayoyin jinin ku. Yana iya duba adadin ƙwayoyin jinin ku, girman su, da kuma matakin haemoglobin ɗinku. Hemoglobin wani furotin ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci wanda ke taimaka wa ƙwayoyin jinin ja su ɗauki iskar oxygen.
• 'Ƙididdigar reticulocyte ': Wannan yana auna adadin ƙwayoyin jinin ja da ba su kai ba ('reticulocytes') da kuke da su a jikinku. Lokacin da tsarin garkuwar jiki ya lalata ƙwayoyin jinin ja da suka kai, jiki yana ƙoƙarin yin ƙarin waɗannan ƙwayoyin da ba su kai ba a matsayin hanyar ramawa.
• Gwaje-gwajen matakan jini : Matakan "lactate dehydrogenase" da "bilirubin" a cikin jini, da kuma raguwar matakan "haptoglobin" alamu ne na "haemoglobin anemia".

Sannan, domin a tantance ko CAD ce ke haifar da cutar jinin jini, likitanka zai duba ko akwai wasu kwayoyin rigakafi da ke kai hari ga jajayen ƙwayoyin jininka. Gwaje-gwajen da ake yi don wannan sune:

• Gwajin Coombs Direct (DAT) : Wannan gwajin yana duba kasancewar ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu alaƙa da CAD. A cikin gwajin, ƙwayoyin jinin ja suna rabuwa da sauran jinin ku kuma a sanya su a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa. Sannan ana ƙara wani magani na musamman. Idan ƙwayoyin jinin ja sun manne tare da maganin kuma suka haɗu (agglutinate), gwajin yana da kyau, ma'ana cewa ƙwayoyin rigakafi masu kamuwa da cuta suna nan.
• 'Gwajin titer na agglutinin mai sanyi': Wannan gwajin yana auna yawan waɗannan "antibodies" a cikin jininka. Yawan waɗannan "antibodies" alama ce ta CAD.

Da zarar an tabbatar da ganewar cutar, likitanka zai kuma duba don ganin ko CAD ɗinka yana da alaƙa da wata cuta da ke haifar da ita ('CAD na biyu').

Ta yaya ake maganin 'Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin'?

Dangane da tsananin alamun cutar, magani na iya haɗawa da canje-canje a salon rayuwa, magunguna, da kuma wani lokacin ƙarin jini a cikin gaggawa .

• Salon Rayuwa : Idan kana da CAD, likitanka zai ba ka shawara ka guji yanayin sanyi . Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci. Ya kamata ka yi abubuwa kamar sanya tufafi masu ɗumi, guje wa shawa mai sanyi, da kuma iyakance tafiye-tafiyenka zuwa yanayin sanyi.
• Magunguna : Maganin da aka fi amfani da shi wajen magance CAD shine 'Rituximab' . Wannan yana aiki ta hanyar dakatar da tsarin garkuwar jikinka daga yin 'autoantibodies' waɗanda ke kai hari ga jajayen ƙwayoyin jininka. An kuma amince da wani sabon magani mai suna 'Sutimlimab' kwanan nan. Wannan yana aiki ta hanyar dakatar da tsarin garkuwar jiki kai tsaye daga kai hari ga jajayen ƙwayoyin jininka.
• Karin jini da musayar jini : Idan CAD ɗinka ya yi tsanani, likitanka na iya buƙatar yin ƙarin jini ko musayar jini don daidaita yanayinka. Musayar jini yana aiki ta hanyar rage adadin ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikin jininka.

Idan kana da "CAD na biyu", likitanka zai kuma yi maganin wannan matsalar.

Za a iya hana CAD?

Abin takaici, cutar Sanyi Agglutinin ba cuta ce da za a iya hana ta ba. Duk da haka, za ku iya magance alamun cutar kuma ku rayu cikin kyakkyawan yanayi.

Har yaushe za ku iya rayuwa da "Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin"?

Mutanen da aka gano suna da cutar CAD yawanci suna rayuwa ne gwargwadon shekarunsu waɗanda ba su da cutar CAD. A cewar wani bincike da aka yi kwanan nan, mutanen da aka gano suna da cutar a shekarun 68 za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 80, a matsakaici. Wannan yana nufin cewa tare da magani da kulawa mai kyau, za ku iya tsammanin rayuwa mai kyau.

Wadanne tambayoyi ya kamata in yi wa likitana?

Idan an gano kana da CAD, yana da kyau ka yi wa likitanka tambayoyi kamar haka:

• Shin CAD dina yana da alaƙa da wata cuta da ke cikinta?
• Wadanne alamomi ne za su taimaka min in san ko yanayina yana inganta ko kuma yana ƙara muni?
• Shin dole ne in ci gaba da shan magani don wannan yanayin?
• Menene yanayi mafi kyau ga wanda ke da CAD ya zauna a ciki?
• Waɗanne zafin jiki ya kamata in guje wa don magance alamun cutar?

Kwarewar da kake da ita game da cutar Cold Agglutinin (CAD) ta dogara ne akan ko ita ce ta farko ('babban') ko ta biyu ('babban'). Tsananin alamun cutar zai kuma shafi yadda kake buƙatar magani sosai. Ta hanyar magance matsalar da ke haifar da ita, likitanka zai iya warkar da cutar CAD ɗinka. Ko da kana da CAD na dogon lokaci, za ka iya sarrafa alamun rashin jini kuma ka kasance cikin koshin lafiya ta hanyar guje wa mura da shan magungunanka kamar yadda aka rubuta maka.

Muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata a tuna daga abin da muka tattauna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

• Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin (CAD) cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba wadda garkuwar jikinmu ke kai hari ga jajayen ƙwayoyin jininmu kuma sanyi ke ƙara ta'azzara ta.
• Alamomin na iya haɗawa da ciwon gaɓɓai, gajiya mai tsanani, fatar jiki mai launin fari, yatsu masu launin shuɗi a lokacin sanyi, da kuma wani lokacin jaundice .
• Wannan na iya zama "babban" (ba a haifar da shi ba) ko "na biyu" (wanda wata cuta ta haifar).
• Akwai gwaje-gwajen jini don gano cutar.
• Maganin na iya haɗawa da guje wa mura, magunguna, da kuma wani lokacin ƙarin jini.
• Ko da yake ba za a iya hana hakan ba, idan aka yi la'akari da yadda ya kamata, za a iya rayuwa mai kyau.
• Idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, kada ka yi jinkirin neman shawarar likita. Da zarar ka gane su, to maganin zai fi sauƙi.

Ka tuna, wannan labarin don dalilai na bayanai ne kawai. Idan kana da wasu alamu, tabbatar da ganin likita don neman shawara.

Cutar Sanyi ta Agglutinin, CAD, anemia, ƙwayoyin jinin ja, tsarin garkuwar jiki, sanyi, cututtukan autoimmune, hemolytic anemia, cututtukan jini