Kana jin kamar ƙafafunka suna suma? Wannan zai iya zama Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS)!

Shin wani lokacin kana jin kamar ƙafafunka sun yi rauni, kana fuskantar wahalar tashi daga kujera, kana jin gajiya idan ka hau matakala? Ko kuma kana jin gajiya da alamun kamar ƙyallen ido, bushewar baki, da kuma gani biyu? Waɗannan ba wai kawai gajiya ba ne. A yau za mu yi magana game da wata cuta da ƙila ba ka ji ba, amma tana da matuƙar muhimmanci a sani, Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome, ko kuma ``(LEMS)`` kamar yadda muke kira a takaice.

Menene Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS)?

A taƙaice dai, Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki. Yanzu za ku iya mamakin menene cutar garkuwar jiki . Jikinmu yana da tsarin garkuwar jiki. Wannan shine abin da ke kare mu ta hanyar yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta masu haifar da cututtuka daga waje. Kamar sojojin ƙasarmu ne. Amma wani lokacin wannan tsarin garkuwar jiki yana lalacewa. Sannan yana fara kai hari ga ƙwayoyin halittarmu masu lafiya. Wannan shine abin da ke faruwa a LEMS.

A cikin wannan `(LEMS)`, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana kai hari ga haɗin da ke tsakanin jijiyoyin motsinmu da tsokoki . A takaice dai, ana kiran wannan haɗin 'mahadar jijiyoyin jijiyoyi'. Idan wannan mahaɗin ya lalace, watsa saƙonni daga jijiyoyi zuwa tsokoki yana da matsala. Wannan shine lokacin da raunin tsoka ke faruwa.

Wannan rauni yawanci yana farawa ne daga cinyoyinka na sama , amma a hankali yana iya bazuwa zuwa ga hannunka, yana numfashi, yana haɗiyewa, da kuma tsokoki masu magana.

Wa ya fi yiwuwa ya haɓaka wannan `(LEMS)`?

Akwai manyan ƙungiyoyi guda biyu da suka ƙunshi `(LEMS)`.

1. Mai alaƙa da ciwon daji: Kimanin kashi 60% na mutanen da ke fama da ciwon daji na LEMS suna da wani nau'in ciwon daji. Nau'in da aka fi sani shine ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta . Abin mamaki, wani lokacin alamun LEMS na iya bayyana watanni ko ma shekaru kafin ciwon ya fara. Yawancin waɗannan mutanen sun haura shekaru 60, maza ne, kuma sun yi amfani da kayayyakin taba.

2. Babu ciwon daji: Sauran kashi 40% na mutanen da ke dauke da cutar LEMS ba a gano cutar kansa ba. Yawanci ana gano wadannan mutanen ne tun suna da shekaru 35 sannan kuma a sake gano su a shekaru 60.

LEMS wata cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba a tsakanin yara ƙanana.

Shin ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta (LEMS) ne kawai ke da alaƙa da wannan?

A'a. Ciwon daji na huhu mai ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta shine nau'in ciwon daji da aka fi sani, amma sauran nau'ikan ciwon daji kuma ana iya danganta su da LEMS. Misalan sun haɗa da ciwon daji na prostate, thymoma, da cututtukan lymphoproliferative. Domin alamun LEMS na iya bayyana kafin alamun ciwon daji su bayyana, yana da mahimmanci a sami gwaje-gwaje masu dacewa don duba ciwon daji idan likitan ku ya gano kuna da LEMS.

Shin LEMS yana faruwa ne sakamakon canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halitta?

Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa cututtukan da ke haifar da garkuwar jiki gabaɗaya suna da alaƙa da wasu kwayoyin halitta. Tunda LEMS ita ma cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki, yana yiwuwa tana da tasirin kwayoyin halitta, amma har yanzu ba a fahimci wannan sosai ba.

Yaya aka fi sani da `(LEMS)`?

LEMS cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samunta ba . An kiyasta cewa wannan yanayin yana shafar kimanin mutane miliyan 2.8 a duk duniya. A Amurka, akwai kimanin mutane 400 da aka ruwaito suna da cutar LEMS. Duk da cewa babu takamaiman kididdiga kan adadin mutanen da ke cikin ƙasarmu, a bayyane yake cewa wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba.

Mene ne alamun `(LEMS)`?

Bari mu kalli alamun `(LEMS)` ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Ba duk waɗannan alamun suna faruwa a lokaci guda ga kowa ba, wasu alamun na iya bayyana da wuri, wasu kuma na iya bayyana daga baya.

• Rauni da gajiya a tsoka: musamman a saman ƙafafu.
• Wahalar tafiya: Wahalar hawa matakala ko tashi daga kujera.
• Ciwon tsoka ko tauri.
• Jin kasala a gaɓoɓi.
• Faɗuwar ido (ptosis): Wannan na iya kama da rashin barci.
• Ganin abubuwa biyu a lokaci guda (diplopia).
• Bushewar baki da idanu (xerostomia): raguwar yashi, raguwar yawan hawaye a idanu.
• Maƙarƙashiya.
• Rage gumi.
• Rage nauyi.
• Wahalar yin fitsari.
• Matsalar rashin karfin mazakuta a maza.
• Wahalar magana (dysarthria) da wahalar haɗiyewa (dysphagia): Waɗannan galibi alamu ne da ke tasowa daga baya a cikin cutar.
• Wahalar numfashi (dyspnea) da kuma matsalar numfashi: Wannan kuma wata alama ce mai tsanani da ba kasafai ake samunta ba, wadda za ta iya faruwa a ƙarshen cutar.

Muhimmi: Idan kana da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamun, kada ka ɗauka cewa LEMS ne. Duk da haka, idan waɗannan alamun suka ci gaba, yana da kyau ka nemi shawarar likita.

Ta yaya LEMS yawanci ke bayyana kuma yana ci gaba?

LEMS yawanci yakan fara shafar tsokoki na cinyoyi . Sannan yana iya shafar tsokoki na kafada, tsokoki na hannuwa da ƙafafu, tsokoki da ke taimakawa wajen magana da haɗiyewa, da kuma tsokoki na idanu.

Da farko a lokacin da cutar ta fara, za ka iya samun matsala wajen tashi daga kujera, hawa matakala ko tuddai, ko yin aiki mai wahala wanda ke buƙatar amfani da ƙafafunka.

Alamomin yawanci suna bayyana a hankali, tsawon makonni zuwa watanni . Duk da haka, idan kuna da LEMS tare da ciwon daji, alamun na iya bayyana da sauri.

Me ke haifar da LEMS?

Kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, LEMS cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki . Wannan yana nufin cewa kariyar jikinka (antibodies) tana kai hari ga kyallen jikinka masu lafiya. A cikin LEMS, waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna kai hari ga wurin da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi da zare na tsoka suka haɗu, wato mahaɗar jijiyoyin jini. Musamman ma, suna kai hari ga tashoshin calcium a can. Waɗannan hanyoyin calcium suna da mahimmanci don a watsa saƙonnin jijiyoyi.

Ka yi tunanin hakan kamar jerin dominoes. Wannan harin ya haifar da jerin abubuwan da suka faru:

1. Kwayoyin rigakafi suna ɗaurewa da hanyoyin calcium a ƙarshen ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi kuma suna toshe su.

2. Idan aka rage hanyoyin calcium, adadin acetylcholine, wani sinadari mai aiki da jijiyoyin jini, da ke fitowa yana raguwa. Wannan acetylcholine wani sinadari ne mai mahimmanci ga aikin tsoka.

3. Idan ba a fitar da isasshen acetylcholine ba, "saƙonnin" zuwa ga zaruruwan tsoka ba sa shiga yadda ya kamata. Sannan tsokoki ba za su iya aiki sosai ba.

4. Sakamakon haka, tsokoki ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata, wanda hakan ke haifar da rauni.

Ga yadda mutanen da ke fama da ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ke kamuwa da LEMS: Idan kana da ciwon daji a jikinka, ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna samun siginar "zuwa yaƙi." Amma maimakon kai hari ga ƙwayoyin cutar kansa (musamman, tashoshin calcium a saman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa), waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafi suna kai hari ga tashoshin calcium a ƙarshen ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi bisa kuskure. Sannan jerin abubuwan da ke faruwa iri ɗaya ne ke faruwa.

Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa dalilin LEMS a cikin mutanen da ba su da ciwon huhu kawai matsala ce ta tsarin garkuwar jiki. Amma har yanzu ba a fayyace dalilin da ya sa hakan ke faruwa ba.

Yadda ake gane `(LEMS)`?

Mataki na farko wajen gano cutar LEMS shine likitanka ya duba ka da kyau. Wannan zai kunshi likitan jijiyoyi, ko likita wanda ya kware a cututtukan jijiyoyi da tsokoki. Wani ɓangare na wannan tsari ya ƙunshi tambayar alamominka, tarihin lafiyarka, da duk wani magani da kake sha. Ana yin cikakken binciken jijiyoyi don neman alamun rauni da alamun da suka yi daidai da LEMS.

Mataki na gaba shine gwaji. Gwaje-gwajen `(LEMS)` sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin jini: Wannan zai iya duba ko kuna da magungunan hana ƙwayoyin cuta na tashar calcium a cikin jinin ku. Kimanin kashi 85% na mutanen da ke da LEMS suna da waɗannan magungunan rigakafi a cikin jinin su.
• Electromyography (EMG): Wannan gwajin yana duba yadda tsokoki da jijiyoyi suke aiki tare. A cikin LEMS, gwajin EMG yana da takamaiman bincike, don haka yana iya taimakawa wajen tabbatar da ganewar asali.
• Ra'ayin X-ray na huhu `(Rashin X-ray)` ko CT scan `(Rashin CT scan)` ko MRI scan `(Rashin MRI)` (na ƙirji): Saboda wata cuta da ake kira `(LEMS)` na iya tasowa a cikin mutanen da ke da ƙananan ciwon huhu, waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna neman alamun ciwon huhu.

Alamomin LEMS na iya farawa daga watanni zuwa shekaru shida kafin cutar kansa ta bulla. Saboda haka, bayan an gano LEMS, ya kamata a yi gwajin cutar kansa bayan kowane watanni uku zuwa shida na tsawon akalla shekaru biyu. Likitan ku zai ba da shawarar jadawalin tantancewa wanda ya dace da ku.

Yaya ake maganin LEMS?

Akwai magunguna da yawa don LEMS.

• Maganin ciwon daji da ke ƙasa: Idan LEMS tana da alaƙa da ciwon daji, kamar ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta, maganin wannan ciwon daji na iya rage alamun LEMS. Maganin ciwon daji na iya haɗawa da chemotherapy, maganin radiation, da/ko tiyata. Wannan ya dogara da nau'in ciwon daji da shawarwarin likitanka.
• Magunguna na musamman ga (LEMS): Waɗannan sun haɗa da magunguna da ke rage alamun cutar da kuma magunguna da ke sarrafa tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Maganin bayyanar cututtuka

• Amifampridine (Firdapse®), Guanidine: Waɗannan magunguna suna ƙara ƙarfin tsoka. Suna ƙara sakin acetylcholine na neurotransmitter a mahaɗin jijiyoyin jini, suna inganta sigina ga tsokoki.
• Pyridostigmine (Pyridostigmine - Mestinon®): Pyridostigmine yana aiki ta hanyar hana lalacewar acetylcholine a mahaɗin jijiyoyin jini. Wannan kuma yana ƙara siginar acetylcholine kuma yana inganta ƙarfin tsoka. A wasu lokutan ana ba da Pyridostigmine tare da amifampridine don inganta aikin tsoka da kuma magance alamun LEMS kamar bushewar baki, bushewar idanu, maƙarƙashiya, rashin aikin jima'i, da raguwar gumi. Duk da haka, amfani da pyridostigmine don LEMS amfani ne da ba a saka masa suna ba, ma'ana Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ba ta amince da maganin don wannan yanayin ba.

Maganin daidaita garkuwar jiki

• Magungunan rage garkuwar jiki:Waɗannan magunguna suna taimakawa wajen dakatarwa ko sarrafa aikin "kare" na tsarin garkuwar jikinka. Likitanka zai iya rubuta maka waɗannan magunguna idan wasu magunguna ba su shawo kan alamun cutar ba. Misali, ana iya ba da magani mai suna prednisone tare da azathioprine ko cyclosporine ko ba tare da shi ba.
• Musayar jini: A cikin wannan tsari, na'ura tana raba ruwan jininka (plasma) daga ƙwayoyin jini. Kwayoyin halittarka suna cikin wannan jinin. Bayan rabuwar, za a mayar da jinin cikin jikinka. Likitanka zai iya yin la'akari da wannan maganin idan kana da alamun cutar kuma kana buƙatar magani cikin gaggawa.
• Immunoglobulins: Ga wasu mutane, maganin immunoglobulin mai yawan gaske na iya taimakawa wajen hana cutar ta kara muni.

Za a iya hana LEMS?

Ba a fahimci ainihin dalilin LEMS ba tukuna, don haka ba a san ko akwai wata hanyar hana cutar ba.

Duk da haka, tunda LEMS na iya haɓaka a cikin mutanen da ke da ciwon huhu, zaku iya taimakawa wajen hana ciwon huhu ta hanyar:

• Kada ka sha taba. Idan kana amfani da kayayyakin taba, ka nemi taimakon likita ka daina shan taba.
• A guji shan taba da aka yi amfani da shi wajen shan taba.
• Duba gidanka don ganin iskar radon. Shakar iskar radon na dogon lokaci na iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansar huhu.

Hakanan zaka iya ɗaukar matakai don kiyaye salon rayuwa mai kyau:

• Ku ci ƙarin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu. Ku bi tsarin abincin Bahar Rum ko DASH.
• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace.
• Motsa jiki kamar yadda likitanka ya ba da shawara.
• Samun isasshen barci - yawanci awanni bakwai zuwa tara.
• Rage damuwa. Damuwa na iya ƙara ta'azzara alamun.
• A guji yin wanka da ruwan zafi. Zafi na iya ƙara ta'azzara alamun cutar LEMS.
• Ziyarci likitanka akai-akai, kuma ka sanar da shi nan take idan lafiyarka ta canza ko kuma idan ka sami sabbin alamu.

Za a iya warkar da LEMS gaba ɗaya?

Abin takaici, babu maganin LEMS. An nuna cewa maganin ciwon daji da ke tattare da LEMS yana inganta alamun LEMS. Magungunan rage garkuwar jiki na iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa harin garkuwar jiki, kuma akwai magunguna da za su iya taimakawa wajen rage alamun ta hanyar ƙara yawan acetylcholine a ƙarshen jijiyoyi da inganta ƙarfin tsoka.

Idan kana da LEMS ba tare da ciwon daji ba, za ka iya tsammanin tsawon rai na yau da kullun. Idan kana da LEMS da ciwon daji, alamunka na iya inganta akan lokaci (kodayake ba gaba ɗaya ba) idan an gano ciwon daji kuma aka magance shi da wuri.

Ingancin rayuwarka ya dogara ne da tsananin alamun cutar.

Yaushe ya kamata in tuntuɓi likitana idan ina da `(LEMS)`?

Idan akwai canji a lafiyarka, ko kuma idan alamunka suka tsananta, tuntuɓi likitanka a kowane lokaci . Kada ka ji tsoro, kada ka firgita. Likitoci suna nan don taimaka maka.

Menene bambanci tsakanin `(LEMS)` da `(Myasthenia Gravis - MG)`?

Ciwon myasthenic na Lambert-Eaton (LEMS) da myasthenia gravis (MG) suna da wasu alamu iri ɗaya. Dukansu suna haifar da rauni da gajiya a tsoka.

Duk da haka, myasthenia gravis (MG) yawanci yakan fara shafar tsokoki da ke kewaye da idanunku da kuma tsokoki da ake amfani da su wajen haɗiyewa. Daga baya, yana iya shafar tsokoki na gama gari, gami da tsokoki na numfashi da tsokoki na gaɓoɓi.

LEMS yawanci yana farawa da rauni a cinyoyinka na sama, sannan ya koma hannunka. LEMS kuma yana iya haifar da rauni a cikin tsokoki na idonka, amma yawanci yana da laushi fiye da myasthenia gravis (MG).

A cikin myasthenia gravis (MG), rauni mai tsanani na tsokoki na numfashi (tsokoki da ke taimaka maka numfashi) na iya zama mai kisa. Wannan ba kasafai yake faruwa a cikin LEMS ba.

Mutane masu fama da myasthenia gravis (MG) yawanci ba sa nuna alamun rashin aiki na tsarin jijiyoyi na jiki (misali, bushewar idanu, bushewar baki, maƙarƙashiya, raguwar gumi, rashin aikin jima'i). Sabanin haka, mutanen da ke fama da LEMS galibi suna da waɗannan koke-koke, kuma waɗannan alamun na iya taimakawa wajen bambance cututtukan biyu.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

A yanzu wataƙila ka fahimci cewa Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) cuta ce da tsarin garkuwar jiki ke haifarwa. Kwayoyin jijiyoyi ba sa aika isassun saƙonni zuwa ga ƙwayoyin tsoka don "ƙuntawa." Sakamakon shine raunin tsoka da sauran alamu.

Ka tuna, kusan kashi 60% na mutanen da ke fama da cutar LEMS suna da cutar kansar huhu ta ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta. Idan kana da cutar LEMS amma ba ka da cutar kansa, ka tabbatar kai da likitanka za a yi gwajin cutar kansa duk bayan 'yan watanni na akalla shekaru biyu bayan an gano cutar.

Akwai magunguna. Waɗannan sun haɗa da maganin ciwon daji idan yana nan, da kuma shan magunguna waɗanda ke inganta sadarwa tsakanin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi da tsokoki. Inganta sadarwa na iya inganta ƙarfin tsoka da sauran alamu.

Ina fatan wannan bayanin zai amfane ku.Kullum ka tuna, idan kana da wata damuwa game da lafiya, ya fi kyau ka yi magana da likita mai ilimi game da hakan.

Lambert -Eaton myasthenic syndrome, LEMS, cututtukan autoimmune, raunin tsoka, ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta, haɗin neuromuscular, acetylcholine