Ciki yana damuna? Ba za ka iya narke abinci ba? Bari mu yi magana game da (Magungunan Prokinetic)!

Shin wani lokacin kana jin ƙoshi ko rashin narkewar abinci yadda ya kamata bayan cin abinci? Ko kuma kana da matsaloli kamar ƙwannafi ko rashin narkewar abinci? Wani lokaci waɗannan matsalolin na iya faruwa ne saboda rashin aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin hanjinmu. A yau za mu yi magana game da wani nau'in magani na musamman wanda ke kawo taimako a irin waɗannan lokutan. Ana kiran waɗannan da suna `(Prokinetic Agents)`.

Mene ne waɗannan `(Masu maganin Prokinetic)`? A takaice dai...

A taƙaice dai, `(Prokinetic Agents)` wani nau'in magani ne da ke ƙara saurin abinci yana tafiya ta cikin tsarin narkewar abinci, wato hanji. Idan muka haɗiye abinci, tsokoki a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci suna fara matsewa daga sama zuwa ƙasa kamar jerin raƙuman ruwa. Wannan ana kiransa `(Peristalsis)`. Kamar tura abinci ƙasa ne. Haka abinci ke motsawa daga makogwaro, zuwa cikin esophagus, zuwa cikin ciki, sannan zuwa cikin hanji. A wannan tafiya ne jikinmu ke shan sinadaran da yake buƙata.

Duk da haka, saboda wasu cututtuka ko wasu dalilai, wannan tsari da ake kira "Peristalsis" bazai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba. Wannan shine lokacin da alamun kamar maƙarƙashiya, ƙwannafi, da jin ƙoshi ba tare da narke abinci ba suka faru. Abinci na iya kasancewa a cikin ciki na dogon lokaci, sannan jiki ba zai sami abincin da ake buƙata ba.

A lokacin ne waɗannan magunguna da ake kira `(Prokinetic Agents)` suka zo don ceto. Waɗannan suna ƙara motsin hanji kuma suna taimakawa abinci ya ratsa cikin hanyar narkewar abinci da sauri. Amma mafi mahimmanci a tuna shine akwai manyan illoli da za su iya faruwa tare da waɗannan magunguna. Saboda haka, likitoci yawanci ba sa rubuta waɗannan magunguna nan da nan. Yawancin lokaci, `(Proton Pump Inhibitors - PPIs)` ko `(H2 Blockers)` ana ba su wasu magunguna sannan a yi la'akari da `(Prokinetic Agents)` kawai idan ba su ba da sauƙi ba. Duk da haka, dangane da yanayin lafiyar ku, likitan ku na iya rubuta wannan maganin.

Ta yaya waɗannan `(Masu maganin Prokinetic)` suke aiki?

Yadda waɗannan magunguna ke aiki yana da ɗan rikitarwa, amma zan sauƙaƙa shi. Suna ƙarfafa jijiyoyin tsarin narkewar abinci kuma suna taimaka wa tsokoki su yi ƙarfi.

Wannan yana nufin:

• Yana ƙara matsewa a cikin esophagus (bututun abinci), yana taimakawa wajen motsa abinci cikin sauri.
• Ƙarfafa Ƙarfin Ƙashin Ƙasa na Esophageal (LES) a ƙasan makogwaro. LES kamar bawul ne. Sashen makogwaro ne ke haɗa cikinka da makogwaro. Idan bai rufe yadda ya kamata ba kuma ya yi laushi, sinadarin ciki zai iya komawa cikin makogwaro da makogwaro. A lokacin ne za ka ji wannan ƙwannafi, ƙwannafi, da ciwon ƙirji. Wannan kuma ana kiransa Acid Reflux ko GERD.
• Yana ƙara matsewar ciki kuma yana taimakawa wajen motsa abinci cikin sauri zuwa ƙaramin hanji.
• Yana rage lokacin da ake ɗauka kafin ciki ya yi tauri. Wannan yana rage damar da abubuwan da ke cikin ciki su sake dawowa, kamar a yanayin `(Acid Reflux)`.

Ka yi tunanin, wannan maganin yana aiki kamar cunkoson ababen hawa, kuma 'yan sanda suna zuwa suna share hanyar da motocin za su iya tafiya da sauri.

Don waɗanne yanayi ake amfani da `(Prokinetic Agents)`?

Ana amfani da waɗannan magunguna galibi ga waɗannan yanayi:

• Gastroparesis (rashin aikin tsoka/jinkirin narkewar abinci): A wannan yanayin, tsokoki na ciki ba sa yin ƙunci yadda ya kamata, don haka narkewar abinci yana jinkiri. Magungunan prokinetic suna ƙara waɗannan ƙunci kuma suna sa ciki ya yi wofi da sauri. Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga suma za su iya kamuwa da wannan yanayin da ake kira Diabetic Gastroparesis. Metoclopramide ita ce magani ɗaya tilo da FDA ta amince da shi a yanzu a Amurka don wannan. Likitanka zai iya rubuta wannan idan wasu magunguna ba su taimaka ba.

• GERD (Cutar Ciwo ta Gastroesophageal): Wannan shine lokacin da acid na ciki ke dawowa daga esophagus zuwa baki. Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da LES (Lensive Esophageal Suppression System) wanda na ambata a baya bai rufe yadda ya kamata ba. Magungunan prokinetic kaɗai ba za su taimaka wa GERD ba. Duk da haka, idan cikinka yana jinkirin fitar da ruwa, likitanka zai iya rubuta waɗannan tare da wasu magunguna.

• Ciwon mara na aiki: Wannan shine lokacin da mutum ke jin rashin jin daɗi a cikin ciki bayan cin abinci, amma ba a sami wani dalili bayyananne ba. Wasu mutane na iya gano cewa waɗannan magunguna na iya taimakawa wajen rage alamun. Masu bincike sun ce waɗannan magunguna suna taimakawa ta hanyar ƙara matsewar ciki da kuma hanzarta fitar da abubuwa.

• Tashin zuciya da amai: Likita zai iya rubuta wannan maganin don amai mai tsanani ko na yau da kullun wanda bai amsa wasu magunguna ba. Haka kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da su don amai da magungunan chemotherapy ke haifarwa don cutar kansa.

• Toshewar Hanji na Kullum: Wannan shine lokacin da alamun toshewar hanji ke bayyana duk da cewa babu wani toshewar hanji a zahiri . Masu bincike har yanzu suna bincike ko wasu magungunan prokinetic zasu iya taimakawa wajen magance wannan matsalar.

Mene ne manyan nau'ikan `(Masu maganin Prokinetic)`?

Ana iya raba waɗannan magunguna zuwa manyan rukuni biyu: `(Agonists)` da `(Antagonists)`.

• `(Agonists)`: Waɗannan suna aiki kamar wasu `(Neurotransmitters)` (sunadarai da ke ɗauke da saƙonni tsakanin jijiyoyi) a cikin tsarin jijiyoyinmu. Wato, waɗannan `(Agonists)` suna zuwa su manne da jijiya, suna gaya wa wannan jijiya ta "ƙunƙule". Kamar yadda `(Neurotransmitters)` masu dacewa suke yin abu ɗaya.
• `(Masu adawa da juna)`: Waɗannan suna aiki ne ta hanyar hana wasu `(Masu watsa sakonnin jijiyoyi)` ɗaurewa zuwa ga jijiya. Musamman ma, idan akwai `(Masu watsa sakonnin jijiyoyi)` waɗanda ke tsoma baki ga tsarin `(Peristalsis)`, waɗannan `(Masu adawa da juna)` suna toshe su daga ɗaurewa zuwa ga jijiya.

An ƙara raba waɗannan "Masu maganin Prokinetic" zuwa rukuni daban-daban, ya danganta da yadda kowanne magani ke aiki:

• (Masu maganin Cholinergic)':Waɗannan suna aiki kamar "(Neurotransmitter)" da ake kira "(Acetylcholine)". "(Acetylcholine)" yana ƙarfafa matsewar tsokoki a cikin hanji. Misalan: "(Baclofen)", "Bethanechol)", "Neostigmine", "(Pyridostigmine)".
• `(Motilin Agonists)` (Macrolide Antibiotics): Waɗannan suna aiki kamar `(Neurotransmitter)` da ake kira `(Motilin). `(Motilin)` yana motsa matsewa a cikin ƙaramin hanji. Wasu magunguna a cikin wannan rukunin a zahiri `(Antibiotics)` ne da ake bayarwa don magance cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Misalan: `(Erythromycin)`, `(Azithromycin)`.
• Magungunan Serotonin Agonists: Waɗannan suna aiki kamar serotonin mai ba da amsa ga neurotransmitter. Kamar serotonin, suna ƙarfafa matsewar hanji kuma suna taimakawa cikin da babu komai. Misalan: Cisapride, Prucalopride, Tegaserod.
• `(Masu adawa da Dopamine)`: Waɗannan suna hana `(Masu watsa sakonnin jijiyoyi)` da ake kira `(Dopamine)` ɗaurewa zuwa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi. `(Dopamine)` yana rage motsi na ciki da hanji, kuma yana sassauta `(LES)`. Don haka, lokacin da `(Dopamine)` ya daina ɗaurewa, waɗannan `(Masu adawa da Dopamine)` suna juya wannan tasirin (watau ƙara motsi). Misalan: `(Metoclopramide)`, `(Domperidone)`.

Wasu misalai na `(Masu maganin Prokinetic)`

A halin yanzu akwai wasu nau'ikan magungunan "Prokinetic" da ake amfani da su don magani, waɗanda aka haramta wasu daga cikinsu a ƙasashe kamar Amurka saboda illolinsu, wasu kuma har yanzu suna kan matakin bincike.

• Azithromycin (Zithromax®): Maganin rage kiba a cikin jini. Likitoci wani lokacin suna ba da shawarar a yi amfani da shi ba tare da takardar likita ba don magance matsalar gastroparesis.
• Baclofen (ED baclofen®): Maganin cholinergic. Har yanzu ana nazarin fa'idodinsa ga GERD.
• `(Bethanechol)` (Urecholine®): Maganin Cholinergic Agonist. Yana taimakawa wajen magance alamun `(Gastroparesis)` da `(GERD)`. Duk da haka, ba a amfani da shi da yawa saboda yana iya haifar da mummunan sakamako kamar su ciwon tsoka da rashin gani sosai.
• Cisapride (Propulsid®): Maganin serotonin. Yana taimakawa wajen fitar da ciki cikin sauri. A da ana amfani da shi don GERD. An cire shi daga kasuwar Amurka saboda illolin da ke tattare da zuciya.
• `(Domperidone)` (Motilium®): A `(Dopamine Antagonist). A Amurka, ba a samunsa cikin sauƙi ba tare da izini na musamman ba. Yana iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani na zuciya kamar bugun zuciya mara tsari da bugun zuciya.
• Erythromycin (EES®): Maganin Motilin Agonist. Likita zai iya rubuta shi ba tare da takardar likita ba don maganin gastroparesis.
• Metoclopramide (Reglan®, Maxeran®, Gimoti®): Maganin hana dopamine. Maganin gastroparesis ne kawai da FDA ta amince da shi. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi don magance GERD wanda bai amsa maganin gargajiya ba. Duk da haka, ya zo da gargaɗin cewa yana iya haifar da illa da ke shafar tsarin jijiyoyi.
• `(Prucalopride)` (Motegrity®):Ana ba da shi don maganin maƙarƙashiya mai tsanani. Yana kuma taimakawa wajen fitar da ciki cikin sauri.
• Pyridostigmine (Mestinon®): Maganin cholinergic. Ana amfani da shi musamman don magance Myasthenia Gravis, amma kuma wani lokacin ana amfani da shi don magance Gastroparesis.

Menene illar amfani da waɗannan `(Prokinetic Agents)`?

Wannan shine abu mafi mahimmanci da za a yi taka tsantsan da shi. Magungunan Prokinetic na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Shi ya sa likitoci galibi ba sa son rubuta su. Duk da haka, idan magunguna na gargajiya kamar PPIs don GERD ba su yi aiki ba, likita na iya yanke shawarar rubuta maganin prokinetic. Ko kuma, a matsayin rigakafin, ana iya rubuta su a cikin ƙaramin allurai ko na ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Idan likita ya rubuta maka maganin prokinetic, ka tabbata ka tambaya game da takamaiman illolin wannan maganin.

Illolin da aka saba gani sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon ciki
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Gudawa (kumburi)
• Gani mara kyau
• Ciwon kai (ciwon kai)
• Gajiya
• Barci, gajiya mai yawa, yawan bacci (baƙin ciki)
• Damuwa
• Damuwa
• Takaddun tsoka marasa iko (Dystonia)
• Motsin tsokar fuska mara tsari (Tardive Dyskinesia)

An cire magunguna kamar su `(Cisapride)`, `(Domperidone)` da `(Tegaserod)` daga kasuwa saboda haɗarin kamuwa da matsalolin zuciya. Wato:

• Saurin bugun zuciya (Bradycardia)
• Zuciyar da ba ta dace ba (Arrhythmia)
• Ciwon zuciya

Binciken da ake yi a yanzu kan sabbin magungunan prokinetic ya mayar da hankali ne kan samar da magunguna da ke ba da fa'idar ƙarfafa ƙashin hanji yayin da ake rage haɗarin irin waɗannan illolin.

Mene ne aka fi amfani da shi a matsayin `(Prokinetic Agents)`?

Magungunan prokinetic da aka fi rubutawa sune Metoclopramide da Domperidone. A Amurka, Metoclopramide ita ce kawai maganin da FDA ta amince da shi don maganin gastroparesis. Duk da haka, likita zai iya rubuta Domperidone tare da amincewar FDA.

Magungunan prokinetic sun bambanta a ingancinsu da amincinsu wajen magance matsalolin narkewar abinci. Saboda haɗarin illolin da ke tattare da hakan, likita zai iya gwada wasu magunguna kafin ya rubuta maganin prokinetic. Duk da haka, idan kuna da alamun cutar saboda hanjin ku ba ya yin ƙunƙuni yadda ya kamata, maganin prokinetic na iya samar da sauƙi da ake buƙata sosai. Idan kuna tunanin shan maganin prokinetic, yana da mahimmanci ku tattauna fa'idodi da haɗari tare da likitan ku.

Muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata a tuna (Saƙon Kai-Gida)

Don haka, ina fatan kun koyi wani abu daga abin da muka tattauna game da `(Masu maganin Prokinetic)`. A taƙaice:

• Magungunan Prokinetic wani nau'in magani ne da ke ƙara motsi na hanyar narkewar abinci kuma yana taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci.
• Ana amfani da waɗannan don cututtuka kamar '(Gastroparesis)' da '(GERD)', da kuma ga abubuwa kamar tashin zuciya da amai.
• Wannan maganin yana aiki ta hanyar motsa jijiyoyi a cikin hanji da kuma sa tsokoki su yi tauri.
• Abu mafi mahimmanci shine cewa waɗannan magunguna a wasu lokutan suna iya haifar da mummunan sakamako, don haka likita zai rubuta su da taka tsantsan.
• Kada ka taɓa amfani da irin wannan maganin ba tare da tuntuɓar likita ba. Likita ne zai yanke shawara kan maganin da ya dace da kai da kuma tsawon lokacin da ya kamata ka sha.

Idan kana da ciwon ciki ko matsalar narkewar abinci kamar haka, abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne ka ga likita ka yi magana a kai. Sannan za ka iya samun maganin da ya dace.

magungunan prokinetic , ciwon ciki, rashin narkewar abinci, gastritis, GERD, gastroparesis, metoclopramide,