Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ka sclera? E kamaʻilio kākou me nā kikoʻī!

Ke nānā ʻoe i loko o ke aniani, ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o kou maka, ʻeā? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa ai i ka sclera ma ke ʻano lapaʻau, akā kapa pinepine mākou iā ia ʻo "ke keʻokeʻo o ka maka." ʻAʻole ia he ʻāpana keʻokeʻo wale nō, he uhi pale koʻikoʻi loa ia no ko mākou mau maka. Hana ia e like me ka pā a puni ko mākou mau maka.

No laila he aha ka hana o ka sclera?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka sclera ka mea e hāʻawi i ko kākou maka i kona ʻano kūpono a kōkua iā ia e mālama iā ia pēlā. Ua like ia me ke kau ʻana i kahi uhi maikaʻi ma luna o kahi pōpō e pale i kona ʻano. Eia kekahi, ʻo kāna kuleana nui ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi i loko o ka maka mai nā pōpilikia liʻiliʻi a me nā mea o waho e like me ka lepo. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me kahi pale pale ikaika i kau ʻia ma luna o ko kākou mau maka.

ʻO kekahi mea nui loa, ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea mākou e neʻe ai i ko mākou mau maka i mua a i mua, i luna a i lalo? Aia nā ʻiʻo kūikawā e kōkua ana i kēlā. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau ʻiʻo i ka sclera. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai iā mākou ke neʻe i ko mākou mau maka i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha?

He aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai ka sclera?

He ʻano ikaika maoli kēia. ʻO ke kumu nui o ia mea, ua hana ʻia ia me kahi ʻano protein kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo collagen. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka collagen. ʻO nā olonā collagen ka ʻāpana nui o ko kākou ʻili, ka ikaika o nā ʻiʻo, nā iwi, a me nā ʻiʻo pili e hoʻopili ai i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka ulana ʻia ʻana o kēia mau olonā collagen i loko o ka sclera a me ka hohola ʻana ma ke ʻano kea he mea paʻakikī loa ia a ikaika loa. ʻO ia ke kumu he ikaika nui ka sclera a he palupalu iki. No ka mea ua nakinaki ʻia e like me ka ʻupena ikaika, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino maʻalahi. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pūnaewele o nā olonā collagen i ʻike ʻia ai ka sclera he keʻokeʻo.

ʻO kekahi mea hou aʻu e haʻi aku ai iā ʻoe, he membrane lahilahi loa kēia sclera. ʻOi aku ka lahilahi ma mua o kou manaʻo. Ua like ia me ka mānoanoa o kāu kāleka hōʻaiʻē. Ma kahi o hoʻokahi milimita kēlā! Kupaianaha, ʻeā? Akā, he mana kupaianaha ko kēlā lahilahi e pale i ko kākou mau maka.

No ke aha i ʻike ʻia ai ke keʻokeʻo loa ka sclera?

E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā olonā collagen i loko o ka sclera, e like me ka hiʻohiʻona. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia, ua haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ke kukui e hele ana ma o ia mea. ʻO ia hoʻi, he opaque loa ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i ka mālamalama e hele ma waena. ʻO ia ke kumu e ʻike ʻia ai he keʻokeʻo ia iā mākou.

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka cornea, ka ʻāpana aniani a maopopo o ko kākou maka a kākou e ʻike nei, e uhi ana i ka iris ʻeleʻele. Loaʻa iā ia nā olonā collagen. Akā, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā olonā collagen ma ke ʻano maʻemaʻe a nani hoʻi, no laila hiki i ka mālamalama ke hele maikaʻi ma o lākou. ʻO ia ke kumu i maopopo loa ai ka cornea i hiki iā kākou ke ʻike i ka ʻaoʻao mamao. He ʻano ʻokoʻa ko ka sclera e hoʻopuehu nui ana i ka mālamalama.

He aha nā papa o ka sclera?

ʻAʻole hoʻokahi membrane ka sclera. Hana ʻia ia me ʻehā papa, kekahi ma luna o kekahi, e like me ka sandwich. Hoʻopili pū ʻia kēia mau papa i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe o ka maka.

E nānā kākou i kēlā mau papa, me nā kikoʻī hou aku:

• ʻEpisclera: ʻO kēia ka papa waho loa, akāka, lahilahi loa o ka ʻiʻo.
• Stroma : Hana ʻia kēia papa me nā fibroblasts (ʻo ia nā pūnaewele e hana i ka collagen) a me nā olonā collagen. Ua hui iki ʻia me ka episclera. ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana nui loa o ka sclera.
• ʻO Lamina fusca: ʻO kēia ka sclera, ka papa hoʻololi ma waena o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka maka, e like me ka iris (ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka), ka choroid (kahi membrane waiwai i nā kīʻaha koko), a me ke kino ciliary (ʻo kēia nā ʻāpana o ka papa waena o ka maka i kapa ʻia ʻo uvea). Hana ia ma ke ʻano he alahaka ma waena o kēia mau ʻāpana.
• Endothelium : ʻO kēia ka papa o loko loa o ka sclera, ma ke kumu.

No ke aha i ʻokoʻa ai ke kala o nā keʻokeʻo o koʻu mau maka i kekahi manawa mai ke keʻokeʻo?

ʻAe, he pilikia kēia i loaʻa i nā kānaka he nui, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke hopohopo. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke loli ke kala o nā keʻokeʻo o ko kākou mau maka ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole a me nā kūlana olakino. ʻUlaʻula a ʻā iki nā maka o kēlā me kēia kanaka i kekahi manawa. He mea maʻamau ia, ʻoiai inā he lā lepo wale nō a i ʻole he pō. Eia nō naʻe, inā loli ke kala o kou mau maka a i ʻole ke ʻano o kou sclera no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kahi ophthalmologist (e like me ka loea mālama maka) a i ʻole kāu kauka ʻohana maʻamau. Mai poina i kēlā.

E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā kūlana a me nā kumu e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ke kala o ka sclera:

• Nā maʻi maka: ʻO nā maʻi bacteria, viral, a fungal paha e hiki ke hoʻolilo i nā maka i ʻulaʻula a i kekahi manawa e hana i ka pus melemele.
• Uveitis : ʻO kēia ke kumu e lilo ai ka maka i ʻulaʻula, ʻeha, a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻike. Hana pinepine ia ma muli o kahi maʻi ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ke kūlana autoimmune.
• ʻEpiscleritis: He ʻano kēia kahi e pehu ai ka episclera, ka papa waho o ka sclera, a lilo ka maka i ʻulaʻula. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia me nā maʻi autoimmune .
• Jaundice: Ke piʻi ka nui o ka bilirubin i loko o ke koko ma muli o ka pilikia o ke akepaʻa, melemele nā ​​maka. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia ʻaʻole wale i nā maka, akā i ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
• ʻO Pterygium (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he maka o ka mea heʻe nalu): He ulu ʻano triangular kēia e hoʻomaka ana mai ke keʻokeʻo o ka maka a i ka cornea . ʻOi aku ka maʻamau i ka poʻe i hōʻike ʻia i ka lā, ka lepo, a me ka makani.
• ʻO Colobomas: He kūlana hānau kēia (hānau ʻia i ka wā hānau) e kū mai ana i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ka maka. E ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi hakahaka a nalowale paha o ka ʻike ma ka sclera a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka maka.
• ʻO ka maʻi Marfan: He ʻano hoʻoilina kēia e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ʻiʻo pili o ke kino. Hiki i kekahi poʻe me kēia ʻano ke loaʻa kahi ʻano lahilahi a polū i ka sclera.
• Anemia: Ke haʻahaʻa ka helu koko o ke kino, ʻoiai nā ʻulaʻula koko, hiki i ka sclera ke lilo i mea keʻokeʻo loa, i kekahi manawa he polū.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta: He kūlana hoʻoilina nō hoʻi kēia, e lilo ai nā iwi i mea palupalu a maʻalahi hoʻi e haki. Hiki i ka poʻe me kēia kūlana ke loaʻa i kahi sclera polū.

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mea o kēlā me kēia lā e like me nā ʻeha o ka maka, ke komo ʻana o ka lepo, nā maʻi ʻaleka, ka uahi cigarette, nā kemika, a me ka nui o ka lā hiki ke hana i nā maka ʻulaʻula (nā maka koko).

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi loli o ke kala o kou mau maka, ka ʻeha o ka maka, ka maneʻo, nā loli o ka ʻike, a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e mau ana no kekahi mau lā.

Pehea lā e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻokeʻokeʻo hou i nā keʻokeʻo o koʻu mau maka?

He nīnau maikaʻi. Makemake ka poʻe he nui e mālama i ko lākou mau maka i nani a olakino. ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā pono ke kauka maka i kou mau maka e ʻike pono i ke kumu i loli ai ke kala o ka sclera. No ka mea, me ka ʻike ʻole i ke kumu pololei, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia.

Ke loaʻa ke kumu, e kuhikuhi ke kauka i ka lāʻau kūpono. Ke mālama pono ʻia ke kumu kumu, pono e hoʻi ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o kou maka i kona kala keʻokeʻo maʻamau.

Pono paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me kēia:

• Nā kulu maka (OTC - Over-the-Counter) i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka a i ʻole loaʻa pololei mai kahi hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau: E hōʻemi i ka ʻulaʻula, ka mumū, a me ka maloʻo o nā maka.
• Nā lāʻau antibiotic a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau anti-infectious ʻē aʻe: No ka mālama ʻana i kahi maʻi bacteria a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he mau pila a i ʻole nā ​​kulu maka.
• ʻO ke ʻoki maka: Pono paha ke ʻoki liʻiliʻi e hoʻoponopono i nā pōʻino i hana ʻia e kekahi mau ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​​​kūlana e like me ka pterygium.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi olakino (e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, nā maʻi autoimmune), he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka pehea e mālama pono ai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa, no ka mea, hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ʻōnaehana ke hoʻopilikia i nā maka.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale i koʻu sclera, ke ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o koʻu maka?

He mea nui loa ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kēia mau mea maʻalahi e pale aku ʻaʻole wale i ka sclera, akā i kou mau maka makamae ʻelua:

• E ʻaʻahu mau i nā maka aniani palekana a i ʻole kahi pale maka kūpono i ka wā e pāʻani ana i nā haʻuki, hoʻoikaika kino, a i ʻole e hana ana i kekahi hana e hiki ai ke hoʻoweliweli i kou mau maka (e like me ke kālai lāʻau, ka wili ʻana, ka hana ʻana me nā kemika). ʻOiai inā manaʻo ʻoe he mea liʻiliʻi ia, hiki i nā ʻeha maka ke koʻikoʻi loa, a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka ʻike.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā aniani maka maikaʻi, ʻoiai ke hele i waho i ka lā. E pale kēia i kou mau maka mai nā kukuna UV ʻino, a me ka makani a me ka lepo.
• E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai no ka liʻiliʻi he 20 kekona ma mua o ka hoʻopā ʻana i kou mau maka, ʻoiai ke kau ʻana a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana i nā aniani hoʻopili. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua nui i ka pale ʻana i nā germs mai ke komo ʻana i loko o kou mau maka a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā maʻi.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i kahi kauka maka?

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mea ʻē a ʻano ʻē paha i kou mau maka a i ʻole kou ʻike ʻana, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia. He mea liʻiliʻi paha ia , akā he hōʻailona mua paha ia o kahi mea koʻikoʻi. E ʻike koke i ke kauka maka, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻololi ke kala o ka sclera: ʻO ke ʻano kēia e lilo koke ke keʻokeʻo o ka maka i ʻulaʻula, melemele, a polū paha.
• ʻO ka ʻike maka pōwehiwehi a i ʻole ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka ʻike, e hoʻomaka ana e ʻike ma nā ʻāpana ʻelua.
• Ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka pus a i ʻole kekahi wai ʻē aʻe mai ka maka.
• ʻIke i ke kukui: ʻO ke ʻano kēia he paʻakikī ke ʻike i ke kukui e like me ma mua, a ua like nā maka me he mea lā e lilo ana i polū.
• ʻEha a palupalu paha i nā maka.
• Pehu maka, pehu a puni nā maka.
• Manaʻo e like me he mea lā e paʻa ana i nā maka.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, nānā mākou i ko mākou mau maka i loko o ke aniani i kēlā me kēia lā, akā ʻaʻole mākou e nānā nui iā ia a hiki i ka lilo ʻana o ka sclera i ʻulaʻula, pehu, a ʻeha paha. He mea maʻamau ka loli iki ʻana o ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o ka maka i kēlā me kēia manawa, a lilo i ʻulaʻula. Eia naʻe,Mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā loli o kou ʻike, ka ʻeha o ka maka, a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona hou ʻē aʻe. Inā he hopohopo kou e pili ana i kou mau maka, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole ke ʻike i ke kauka maka. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike pono i ke kumu o kou mau hōʻailona.

No laila, he aha ka ʻōlelo a kākou e hoʻomanaʻo ai mai kēia moʻolelo?

He mea maʻalahi loa, akā he mea nui loa. ʻO ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o kou maka, ʻo ka sclera, ʻaʻole ia he membrane keʻokeʻo wale nō. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia e hāʻawi ana i ka pale waiwai no kou maka, hāʻawi iā ia i kona ʻano kūpono, a kōkua iā ia e neʻe pono.

ʻOiai he olakino a keʻokeʻo ia maʻamau, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kala a i ʻole ke kumu o nā pilikia ʻē aʻe no nā kumu like ʻole. Inā he loli mau ke kala, ʻeha, kahi loli i ka ʻike, a i ʻole kekahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia a e ʻike pono i ke kauka.

He waiwai nui kou mau maka i hāʻawi ʻia mai iā ʻoe. No laila e mālama pono iā lākou. He mea naʻauao ke hahai i nā hana palekana, e makaʻala i ke olakino o kou mau maka, a e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe i kekahi mau loli. Ua maopopo iā ʻoe? E hana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama i ke olakino o kou mau maka!

Keʻokeʻo o ka maka, sclera, Sclera, olakino maka, ʻulaʻula maka, maʻi maka, pale maka