Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ka ʻāpana kala o kou maka? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka iris!

Ua nānā anei ʻoe i kou mau maka i loko o ke aniani? A laila ʻike ʻoe ʻo ka pōʻai ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi ma waenakonu o ka maka ua kapa ʻia ʻo "apo ʻeleʻele". ʻO ka ʻāpana kala a puni kēlā apo ʻeleʻele ʻo ia ka iris a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā. He ʻeleʻele ko kekahi poʻe, he uliuli ko kekahi, he hina ko kekahi, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ko kekahi... Aia nā ʻano kala like ʻole. ʻAʻole anei he nani loa? No laila, ʻaʻole wale kēia ʻāpana kala he nani, he hana koʻikoʻi loa ia no ko mākou mau maka.

He aha ka mea e hana maoli ana i ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka iris?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kou iris kekahi o nā ʻāpana nui o kou maka e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike. ʻO ke kikoʻī, ʻo ka nui o ke kukui e komo i loko o kou maka e kāohi ʻia e nā ʻiʻo palupalu o kēia iris. ʻIke ʻoe, ʻo nā ʻiʻo o kēia iris, i ka pane ʻana i ke kukui i ke kaiapuni, e hoʻemi a hoʻonui paha i ke apo ʻeleʻele ma waenakonu o kou maka, a mākou e kapa nei ʻo "Pupil". E like me ke aniani o kahi kāmela.

E noʻonoʻo i kēia. Ke hele ʻoe i waho i kahi lā lā. Ua polū koke kou mau maka , ʻeā? I kēlā manawa, hoʻāla koke ʻia kou iris, e hoʻemi ana i ka iris. A laila emi ka nui o ke kukui e komo ana i kou mau maka. Ke hoʻi ʻoe i kahi malu, a i ʻole i loko o ka hale, e liʻuliʻu ka manawa e maopopo ai kou wahi a puni. I kēlā manawa, hana ʻia ka mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻonui ka iris i ka iris, e hoʻohana pono ana i ka mālamalama haʻahaʻa, e ʻae ana i ka mālamalama hou aʻe e komo i kou mau maka. Ke hoʻonui ka iris ma kēia ʻano, ʻōlelo mākou he `(dilates)`, a i ka wā e emi ai, ʻōlelo mākou he `(contracts)`. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea a pau me ka ʻike ʻole ʻoe, a hana koke ʻia. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha?

No laila, hana kēia iris e like me kahi puka ʻakomi e kāohi ana i ka nui o ke kukui e komo i loko o ka maka. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai iā mākou ke ʻike maopopo i nā ʻano kukui like ʻole.

Aia ma hea kēia ʻāpana kala, ʻo ka iris, i loko o ka maka?

ʻAe, e nānā kākou i kahi kūpono o ka iris i loko o ka maka. E noʻonoʻo i kou maka e like me ka ʻakaʻakai. E like me ka ʻakaʻakai he mau papa o ka ʻili, he nui nā papa o ko kākou mau maka. Aia ka iris ma ka papa moakaka loa o waho o ka maka , aia ma lalo o ka cornea , a ma luna o ka lens i loko o ka maka. I mea e pololei ai, aia kēia ʻāpana kala a puni ka haumāna.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka "Iris"? He aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai?

E like me kā kākou e ʻike nei, ʻo ka iris ka ʻāpana o ko kākou mau maka e hāʻawi iā lākou i ko lākou kala. He mea pālahalaha a poepoe ia. Hoʻoholo ʻia ke kala o kou mau maka e ka nui o kahi pigment kūlohelohe i kapa ʻia ʻo melanin a kou kino e hana ai, a me kekahi mau genes.Loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau genes mai kou mau mākua mai. ʻO ia ke kumu i kekahi manawa he like ke kala o nā maka o nā lālā o ka ʻohana, a i ʻole nā ​​kala like ʻole. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ua like ke kala o kou maka me kou manamana lima. He mea kū hoʻokahi ia iā ʻoe, a ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe ma ka honua i like loa ke kala o nā maka.

No laila, ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēia iris? Hana ʻia ia me ka hui pū ʻana o nā ʻiʻo palupalu a me nā aʻalolo. Hoʻomalu kēia mau mea i ka nui o ka pupil me ka ʻole o kou noʻonoʻo ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka hana ʻakomi (parasympathetically).

He aha nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka (iris)?

Hiki i kekahi maʻi maka ke hoʻopilikia i ka iris. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā mea nui:

• Aniridia: ʻO kēia ka nele piha a hapa paha o ka iris.
• ʻO ka maʻi Horner: He kūlana kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kekahi hopena ma ka ʻōnaehana nerve , hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ke alelo ʻeleʻele ma kekahi ʻaoʻao.
• Glaucoma: He kūlana kēia e piʻi ai ke kaomi i loko o ka maka, e hōʻino ana i ke aʻalolo optic. Hoʻopilikia pū kekahi ʻano glaucoma i ka iris.
• ʻAlbinism : Ma kēia kūlana, hana ke kino i ka melanin liʻiliʻi, no laila hiki ke māmā loa ke kala o nā maka, i kekahi manawa he poni.
• ʻO Cataracts: He ao kēia o ka lens o ka maka, akā i kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ka iris.
• Uveitis : He mumū kēia o ka uvea, kahi membrane i loko o ka maka. ʻO ka iris kekahi ʻāpana o kēia uvea.
• ʻO ka maʻi Waardenburg: He ʻano genetic kēia e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ke kala o nā maka (e like me ʻelua mau maka kala like ʻole), ka pigmentation ʻili, a me ka lohe ʻole.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​he mea nui loa e ʻike koke aku i kahi ophthalmologist.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia inā ua hōʻino ʻia ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka (iris)?

Hiki i kekahi ʻeha i ka maka ke hōʻino i kekahi ʻāpana o ka maka. Pēlā nō, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ka iris i kahi ulia. ʻO ka hopena ma ka iris e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ulia. Hiki ke mālama ʻia kekahi mau ʻeha liʻiliʻi me ka hoʻomaha a me ka mālama home. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau ʻeha koʻikoʻi ke hōʻeha nui i ka maka a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka ʻike. No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha maka, mai hoʻonele i ka manawa a ʻike i kahi kauka ophthalmologist a i ʻole e hele i kahi lumi pilikia.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia e nānā ai i ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka (Iris)?

Ke hele ʻoe no kahi hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau, e nānā pū ke kauka maka i kou iris. E hoʻohana lākou i kahi mea kūikawā i kapa ʻia he hoʻokolohua kukui slit e nānā pono i loko o kou maka.

Inā kānalua kāu kauka i kahi kūlana olakino kikoʻī a makemake paha e noiʻi i kahi pilikia, pono paha ʻoe e loaʻa i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• ʻO ke kiʻi MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
• ʻO ke kiʻi CT (scan tomography i helu ʻia)
• Hoʻāʻo ultrasound
• Hoʻāʻo Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)

Hiki i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ke hāʻawi i nā kiʻi maopopo o nā ʻāpana palupalu i loko o ka maka.

No laila, pehea mākou e mālama pono ai i ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka (Iris)?

Eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e mālama i kou iris, a me kou maka holoʻokoʻa, olakino:

• E ʻaʻahu i nā aniani maka e hāʻawi ana i ka palekana 100% ultraviolet (UV) a i ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo UV400 i kou wā e hele ai i waho i ka lā. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi nui i ka pōʻino o nā maka.
• Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kou ʻike, inā paha he mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka pono e hoʻololi i kāu mau aniani a i ʻole kekahi mea koʻikoʻi, e ʻike koke i ke kauka maka me ka kali ʻole e ʻoi aʻe nā hōʻailona.
• Inā nalowale koke kou ʻike a ʻeha nui paha kou maka, e hele koke i ka haukapila. He mau pilikia paha kēia.

Hiki i kēia mau mea nānā iris ke hōʻeha i nā maka?

I kēia mau lā, ke lilo nei nā ʻano hana nānā maka a me nā maka (nā scanner Iris) i mea kaulana no ka wehe ʻana i nā mea e like me nā kelepona a me nā kamepiula, a i ʻole no nā ʻōnaehana palekana. ʻO ka hana a kēia mau scanner, ʻo ia ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ke kukui infrared i kou maka a me nā maka e hōʻoia i kou ʻano. Wahi a ka noiʻi i hana ʻia a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe hōʻike e hōʻino ana kēia mau mea hana a hōʻino paha i kou mau maka. No laila, ʻaʻohe mea e hopohopo ai.

No laila, ka leka lawe home hope loa:

ʻO ka ʻāpana kala o kou maka, ʻo ka iris, ua like ia me kou manamana lima kala kū hoʻokahi. Akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna hana ma mua o ka hāʻawi wale ʻana iā ʻoe i nā maka nani. He kuleana nui kēia iris i ke kōkua ʻana iā ʻoe e ʻike maopopo i nā manawa a pau a ma nā wahi āpau. No laila, he mea nui loa ka nānā pinepine ʻana i kou mau maka e kahi kauka maka i hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā loli i kou mau maka ma mua o ko lākou hiki ʻana mai. A laila wale nō e hiki ai iā mākou ke ʻike maopopo i kēia ao nani. Maopopo iā ʻoe?

Maka , iris, kala o ka maka, cataract, ʻike, olakino maka, nā maʻi maka