E aʻo wale kākou e pili ana i ka posterior pituitary gland.

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ka nui o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ko kākou kino e hana nui ana? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kahi gland liʻiliʻi loa e hana ana i nā mea kupaianaha he nui. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka pituitary gland. Ma ke ʻano kūikawā, e kālele ana kākou i ka ʻaoʻao hope o kēlā gland, ʻo ia ka "Posterior Pituitary".

He aha kēia pituitary gland? He aha ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao hope?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ka pituitary gland, e like me ka nui o ka pī, aia ma ke kumu o ko kākou lolo, ma lalo o ka hypothalamus. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa ia o kā kākou ʻōnaehana endocrine. E noʻonoʻo, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi ia, ke kāohi nei ia i nā hormones koʻikoʻi he nui i loko o ko kākou kino.

ʻElua mau ʻāpana nui o kēia kelepa pituitary:

1. Lobe mua

2. Posterior Lobe - ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā, ʻo ia hoʻi ka "Posterior Pituitary".

Hoʻopuka a hoʻokuʻu ka pituitary gland i kekahi mau hormones. Eia nō naʻe, he kūikawā ka posterior pituitary. Mālama a hoʻokuʻu wale ia i ʻelua o nā hormones i hana ʻia e ka pituitary gland i ka wā e pono ai. ʻO kēia mau hormones ʻelua:

• ʻOkitokina
• ʻO ka Hormone Antidiuretic (ADH), i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo Vasopressin.

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, "No laila he aha kēia hypothalamus?" ʻO ka hypothalamus kekahi ʻāpana o ko kākou lolo. Hoʻomalu ia i nā mea he nui, me ke koko, ka helu o ka puʻuwai, ka mahana o ke kino, a me ka ʻai ʻana. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ua pili ka pituitary gland i ka hypothalamus e kahi ʻōpala liʻiliʻi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka pituitary stalk. Ma o kēia ʻōpala e haʻi aku ai ka hypothalamus i ka pituitary gland, "ʻAe, e hoʻokuʻu i kēlā hormone i kēia manawa."

He aha ka ʻōnaehana Endocrine? E ʻoluʻolu e wehewehe iki mai.

He nīnau maikaʻi! ʻO ka ʻōnaehana endocrine kahi pūnaewele o nā kelepa i loko o ko mākou kino e hana ana i nā kemika i kapa ʻia he hormones a hoʻokuʻu pololei iā lākou i loko o ke kahe koko.

Ua like nā hormones me nā ʻelele e lawe ana i nā leka i loko o ko kākou kino. Hele lākou ma ke kahe koko a haʻi i ko kākou mau ʻōpū, ʻili, ʻiʻo, a me nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe i ka mea e hana ai a me ka manawa e hana ai.

ʻO nā kelepa nui a me nā ʻōkana e hana ana i kā mākou ʻōnaehana endocrine:

• Hypothalamus
• ʻO ke Kelepona Pituitary
• ʻO ke kelepaʻi thyroid `(Thyroid)`
• Nā kelepa parathyroid
• Nā kelepa adrenal
• ʻO ke kelepaʻi pineal
• ʻO ka pancreas
• ʻOvaries (i nā wahine)
• Nā ʻōpū (nā ʻōpū) (kāne)

He aha nā hormones i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka posterior pituitary gland? He aha kā lākou hana?

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, mālama ka ʻōpū pituitary hope a hoʻokuʻu i ʻelua ʻano nui o nā hormones. Hana ʻia kēia mau hormones e ka hypothalamus. Akā mālama ʻia a hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou i ka wā e pono ai e ka ʻōpū pituitary hope.

1. ʻO ka Hormone Antidiuretic (ADH) a i ʻole Vasopressin:

• He mea nui loa kēia hormone. ʻO kēia hormone ke kōkua i ke kino e omo i ka nui o ka wai e pono ai ke kānana ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa i ke koko. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, kōkua ʻo ADH i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke kaulike wai i loko o ko kākou kino.

2. ʻOkitokina:

• I nā wahine, kōkua ia i ka hānau ʻana ma ke kumu ʻana i ka ʻūlū o ka ʻōpū i ka wā hānau. Hoʻoulu pū ia i nā umauma e hana i ka waiū. Hoʻopilikia pū ka Oxytocin i ka pilina ma waena o ka makuahine a me ke keiki.
• I nā kāne, hiki i kēia hormone ke hoʻopilikia i ka pilina ma waena o nā mākua a me nā keiki. ʻAʻole wale kēlā, akā kōkua pū ka oxytocin i ka hoʻokuke ʻana i ka sperm a me ka wai seminal i mua i ka wā ejaculation.

No laila he aha ka hana nui o ka pituitary hope?

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ka oxytocin a me ka hormone antidiuretic (ADH) a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou ke hele mai kahi hōʻailona mai ka hypothalamus. Hoʻouna ka hypothalamus i kēia mau hōʻailona ma o nā hōʻailona aʻalolo e hele mai ana ma o ke kumu pituitary a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua.

Pehea e pili ai ka Posterior Pituitary i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe?

He moʻolelo hoihoi loa kēia. Pili pono ka pituitary hope i ka hypothalamus. No ka mea, hana ka hypothalamus i ka oxytocin a me ADH a haʻi iā lākou i ka manawa e hoʻokuʻu ai iā lākou.

Kahi mea hou aʻe:

• Hana pū ka Oxytocin me ka ʻōpū, nā ʻōpū mammary (nā umauma), a me nā vas deferens i nā kāne.
• Hana nui ʻo ADH (hormone antidiuretic) me ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa.

Aia ma hea ka pituitary hope? Pehea kona nui?

Aia ka ʻōpū pituitary ma ke kumu o ko kākou lolo, ma hope o ke alahaka o ko kākou ihu, ma lalo pono o ka hypothalamus. Aia ia ma kahi lua liʻiliʻi ma ka iwi sphenoid. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Sella Turcica.

ʻO ka nui o ke kelepa pituitary holoʻokoʻa e like me ka nui o ka pī, ma kahi o 1/3 o ka ʻīniha. ʻO ka pituitary hope ka ʻāpana o ke kelepa e kū pono ana i ke kua. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka pituitary mua. ʻO ka pituitary mua he 80% o ke kaumaha o ke kelepa pituitary holoʻokoʻa.

He aha nā maʻi a me nā kūlana maʻamau e pili ana me ka Posterior Pituitary?

ʻO nā pilikia nui e hiki ke hana me ka posterior pituitary ka hypersecretion a i ʻole hyposecretion o ka oxytocin a i ʻole ka antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

He mea kākaʻikahi ka hapa nui o kēia mau maʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā ʻōpū ke hoʻopilikia i ka posterior pituitary gland, akā he mea kākaʻikahi nō hoʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā ʻōpū pituitary e ulu ana ma ka anterior pituitary gland.

Ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka hormone antidiuretic (ADH)

Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e ka emi ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ADH ma ka hypothalamus a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ADH mai ka pituitary gland. Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia kēia e ka hōʻino ʻana i ka hypothalamus a i ʻole ka posterior pituitary. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi mutation gene. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu.

Ke haʻahaʻa nā pae ADH ma mua o ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki i nā puʻupaʻa ke omo hou i ka nui o ka wai e like me kā lākou e pono ai. Hoʻonui kēia i ka wai e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka mimi (lilo ka mimi i mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia), e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka wai i loko o ke koko a hoʻonui i kona nui.

ʻO ka nele o ADH hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi maʻi metabolism wai laha ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo "Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI". ʻAʻole pono e huikau kēia me "Diabetes Mellitus", no ka mea, he ʻokoʻa loa nā mea ʻelua. Hiki i ka CDI ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka CDI:

• ʻO ka mimi pinepine ʻana (Pyluria)
• Ka makewai nui (Polydipsia)
• Luhi (pono e ala i nā manawa he nui i ka pō e mimi)
• Ka maloʻo ʻana

Ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka hormone antidiuretic (ADH)

Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ADH ma ka hypothalamus a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ADH mai ka pituitary hope. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻo `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`. Ke piʻi ka nui o ADH, mālama ke kino i ka nui o ka wai. A laila lilo ka mimi i mea nui loa, a lilo ke koko i mea wai a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.

Aia kekahi mau kumu e piʻi ai paha nā pae SIADH a me ADH. ʻO kekahi mau kumu maʻamau:

• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e.g., kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes type 2, nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka epilepsy)
• Nā ʻokiʻoki i hana ʻia ma lalo o ka anesthesia laulā
• Nā maʻi o ka lolo (nā ʻeha, nā maʻi, ka hahau ʻana)
• Nā ʻoki lolo e pili ana i ka hypothalamus

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae ADH i hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia e nā pae sodium koko haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka sodium koko haʻahaʻa:

• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
• ʻEha poʻo (ʻeha poʻo)
• Ka nalowale o ke kaulike (hiki paha ke hāʻule)
• Nā loli noʻonoʻo (huikau, nalowale ka hoʻomanaʻo)

Ka Hoʻokahe ʻana o ka Oxytocin

He kūlana kākaʻikahi loa kēia.Ke hāʻule nā ​​pae oxytocin ma lalo o ka maʻamau, e pau ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka ʻōpū a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka waiū i ka wā hānau. ʻOiai he mea kakaikahi, ʻo ke kumu maʻamau o kēia he kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo "Panhypopituitarism." ʻO kēia ka wā e haʻahaʻa ai nā pae o nā hormones āpau i loko o ka pituitary gland ma mua o ka maʻamau.

Ka Hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka Oxytocin

He mea kākaʻikahi loa nō hoʻi kēia. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he oxytocin toxicity. Ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe nā pae oxytocin ma mua o ka maʻamau, lilo ka ʻōpū i mea hana nui. Hoʻonui ka nui o nā ʻiʻo o ka ʻōpū (hypertrophy), a ʻaʻole lawa ka hakahaka no ka fetus i loko o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke kaupalena i ka hāpai ʻana.

Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hiki ai ke nānā i ke olakino o koʻu posterior pituitary gland?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā pilikia me ka posterior pituitary gland, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā pae ADH a/a i ʻole oxytocin.

• Hiki i kahi hoʻāʻo koko ADH ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka hemahema a i ʻole ka nui o ka ADH a loaʻa ke kumu.
• Hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia kāu mau pae oxytocin i nā wai like ʻole, e like me ka lawai, ke koko, ka plasma, ka mimi, a me ka wai cerebrospinal.

Inā ʻaʻole kūpono nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i kahi hoʻāʻo kiʻi, e like me ka MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), e nānā i kāu gland pituitary.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o `(Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI)` a i ʻole `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`, e ʻike pono i kāu kauka.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pilikia olakino e pili ana i nā maʻi pituitary posterior he mea kākaʻikahi. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona hou a hopohopo paha, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke holo i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua maʻalahi e nānā i kou olakino.

Nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo mai nā mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua maopopo iā ʻoe kēia ʻāpana liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi loa i kapa ʻia ʻo "Posterior Pituitary" a mākou i kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi:

• ʻO ka pituitary hope ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka pituitary gland i loko o ko kākou lolo.
• Mālama nui ia a hoʻokuʻu i ʻelua mau hormones i kapa ʻia ʻo oxytocin a me ka hormone antidiuretic (ADH). Hana ʻia kēia mau hormones e ka hypothalamus.
• Kōkua ka ADH i ka kaohi ʻana i ke kaulike wai i loko o ko mākou kino .
• He mea nui ka oxytocin no ka hānau keiki ʻana, ka hānai waiū, a me ka pilina kanaka .
• Hiki i nā loli ʻana o kēia mau hormones ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino (ʻoiai he mea kākaʻikahi) e like me ka "Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI" a me ka "SIADH".
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē, he mea naʻauao ke ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

He mea kupaianaha maoli ko kākou mau kino, ʻeā? He mea kupaianaha ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka nui o ka hana e hiki ke hana ʻia me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi!

ʻO ke kelepa pituitary, ka pituitary hope, nā hormones, oxytocin, ka hormone antidiuretic, ADH, ʻōnaehana endocrine