He aa koko koʻikoʻi ma kou kino luna: ka aa koko brachiocephalic.

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ke ʻano paʻakikī a me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kahe koko i loko o ko kākou kino? Aia kekahi ʻōnaehana kūikawā o nā aʻa koko e hana nui ana i ka lawe ʻana mai i ke koko mai ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ko kākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, mai ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī, a me nā lima i ka puʻuwai. ʻO kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa o kēlā ʻōnaehana i kapa ʻia ʻo Brachiocephalic Vein . Ua kapa pū kekahi poʻe iā ia ʻo "Innominate Vein". E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me ka maʻalahi a me ke aloha i kēia lā.

He aha kēia aʻa koko brachiocephalic?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kou aʻa brachiocephalic kekahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopuni koko o kou kino luna. He aʻa ia i hui pū ʻia , ʻo ia hoʻi, aia ʻelua o kēia mau aʻa ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o kou kino, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ka hema.

• ʻAʻa Brachiocephalic ʻĀkau
• ʻAʻa Brachiocephalic Hema

Hoʻohui pū kēia mau aa brachiocephalic ʻākau a me hema e kōkua i ka lawe ʻana i ke koko nele i ka oxygen mai kou kino luna, ʻo ia hoʻi, kou poʻo, ʻāʻī, a me nā lima, i kou puʻuwai. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me ke ʻano o nā alanui liʻiliʻi e hui pū ana e hana i alanui nui.

He aha ka hana a kēia aa?

ʻO ka hana nui o kou mau aa brachiocephalic, e like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo ia ke lawe i ke koko i nele i ka oxygen mai kou poʻo, ʻāʻī, a me nā lima i kou puʻuwai. ʻO kēia mau aa he ʻelua mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, akā he mea nui loa, o kahi ʻōnaehana venous nui e lawe ana i ke koko ma kou kino o luna. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me kahi paipu lōʻihi me nā ʻāpana he nui i hoʻopili ʻia. Inā ʻoe e ʻoki i hoʻokahi ʻāpana ma waenakonu, ʻaʻohe mea e kahe ana ma o ka paipu holoʻokoʻa, ʻeā? Pēlā e hana pū ai nā aa āpau i loko o ko mākou kino e hoʻomau i ke koko e neʻe pono. Kōkua kēlā me kēia aa i ka lawe ʻana i ke koko ma ke ala kūpono, i kahi kūpono.

Pehea e hele ai ke koko?

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou pehea e pili ai ke aʻa brachiocephalic i kēia mea nui. 1. Hui pū kou mau aʻa brachiocephalic ʻākau a me kou hema e hana i kahi aʻa nui i kapa ʻia ʻo Superior Vena Cava . Aia kēia ma luna o kou puʻuwai, a hoʻolōʻihi ia i lalo a hōʻiliʻili i ke koko ma ke keʻena luna ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o kou puʻuwai, ʻo ia ka atrium ʻākau . 2. Mai laila mai, hele kou koko ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o kou puʻuwai i nā māmā e kiʻi i ka oxygen. 3. Ma hope o ka kiʻi ʻana i ka oxygen, hoʻi ke koko i ka puʻuwai, a laila hoʻopuka ka ventricle hema i kēlā koko ma kou kino holoʻokoʻa. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike, ʻo ke aʻa brachiocephalic kahi mea waena koʻikoʻi e kōkua i kou koko e hele ma kou puʻuwai, ma kou mau māmā, a ma kou kino holoʻokoʻa.

Pehea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai kēia aʻa brachiocephalic?

ʻO kou aʻa subclavian (he aʻa kēia e holo ana ma lalo o ka iwi ʻāʻī) a me ka aʻa jugular kūloko(He aʻa koko nui kēia ma ka ʻāʻī) Hoʻokumu ʻia ka aʻa koko brachiocephalic ke hui pū ʻia nā aʻa koko ʻelua. Hana ʻia kēia hui ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ka hema o kou kino.

Aia i hea ka aʻa brachiocephalic?

Aia kēia mau aa koko brachiocephalic ma kou umauma luna, i loko loa o kou kino. Aia lākou ma lalo pono o kou iwi ʻāʻī (clavicle), kokoke iki i kou mau poʻohiwi. Eia ke ʻano o ko lākou hoʻomaka ʻana:

• ʻO ke aʻa brachiocephalic ʻākau: ʻO kēia kahi e hui ai kou aʻa subclavian ʻākau a me ke aʻa jugular kūloko ʻākau. Holo pololei ia i lalo, i ka puʻuwai .
• ʻAʻa Brachiocephalic Hema: ʻO kēia kahi e hui ai kou aʻa subclavian hema a me ka aʻa jugular kūloko hema. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o kēia ma mua o kekahi, a lawe ia i kahi ala ʻokoʻa iki. Hele ia ma ka ʻaoʻao, ma kahi kihi i lalo iki, e hālāwai me ka aʻa brachiocephalic ʻākau. Ma ke ala, hele ia ma luna o kou ʻāʻī a ma mua o kou mau aʻa carotid ( nā aʻa nui ma kou ʻāʻī). A laila hui pū ia me ka aʻa brachiocephalic ʻākau. ʻO ia kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka vena cava superior.

He aha nā aa koko ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka aa koko brachiocephalic?

Hoʻohui ke koko mai nā aʻa liʻiliʻi he nui i kēia mau aʻa brachiocephalic. ʻO kekahi o lākou:

• Nā aa jugular kūloko
• Nā aa koko subclavian
• Nā aa koko Thyroid Haʻahaʻa Hema a me ka ʻĀkau
• Nā ʻaʻa umauma kūloko hema a me ʻākau (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo Internal Mammary Veins)
• Nā ʻaʻa Vertebral hema a me ka ʻākau
• ʻAʻa Intercostal Superior Hema

Lawe kēia mau aa koko a pau i ke koko i nalowale ka oxygen a pono e hoʻi i ka puʻuwai.

Pehea ka nui o kēia aa koko?

He ʻokoʻa iki ka nui o kou mau aʻa koko brachiocephalic ʻākau a me hema.

• ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke aʻa brachiocephalic ʻākau ma kahi o 2 a 3 kenimika. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ua like ia me ka lōʻihi o ʻelua papa aspirin maʻamau i waiho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao.
• ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke aʻa brachiocephalic hema , ma kahi o 6 kenimika.

He aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai ka aʻa brachiocephalic?

E like me kou mau aa koko ʻē aʻe, ua hana ʻia kēia mau aa koko brachiocephalic i ʻekolu papa i hana ʻia me ʻekolu ʻano ʻiʻo a me nā olonā:

• ʻO Tunica Adventitia (ka papa waho loa): ʻO kēia ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ke aʻa i kona ʻano a me kona ʻano.
• ʻO Tunica Media (papa waena):Loaʻa iā ia nā pūnaewele ʻiʻo laumania. ʻO kēia nā mea e ʻae ai i ke aʻa e ākea a ololi paha i ka neʻe ʻana o ke koko ma loko.
• ʻO Tunica Intima (papa o loko): He uhi kēia i hana ʻia me nā pūnaewele endothelial laumania. ʻAe kēia i ke koko e neʻe maʻalahi ma o ke aʻa me ke keʻakeʻa ʻole.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻohe o nā kiwikā o nā aʻa brachiocephalic e like me ka hapa nui o kāu mau aʻa ʻē aʻe. Hoʻōki wale nā ​​kiwikā i ke koko mai ke kahe ʻana i hope.

He aha nā ʻokoʻa anatomical o ka aʻa brachiocephalic?

Ua hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me kekahi mau ʻano anatomical i loko o ko lākou mau aa brachiocephalic. ʻO kekahi o nā mea maʻamau ka retroaortic brachiocephalic vein . Hana ʻia kēia i ka wā e holo ai ka aa brachiocephalic hema ma lalo o ke aortic arch ma kahi o luna, e like me ka mea maʻamau. No laila, ma kahi o ka holo ʻana i mua o kou aorta piʻi ( ka ʻāpana mua o kou aorta), holo kēia aa ma hope ona. Loaʻa kēia mau ʻano like ʻole o nā aa brachiocephalic ma kahi o 1 i loko o 250 mau pēpē. Inā ʻo kēia mau ʻano like ʻole wale nō i loaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, inā ʻaʻohe maʻi puʻuwai ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻeha. Akā ʻo ka hapa pinepine, ʻike ʻia kēia mau loli i nā pēpē me ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau (CHD) . ʻO kekahi o kēia mau maʻi:

• Nā ʻano like ʻole o ke Aortic arch, e like me Double Aortic arch.
• Nā lua ma waena o ka atria a i ʻole ma waena o nā ventricles (Atrial Septal Defects a i ʻole Ventricular Septal Defects)
• Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka aorta.
• ʻO ka Tetralogy o Fallot (hiki ke loaʻa me ka atresia pulmonary).
• Hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ke ala ʻaʻa hanu ʻē aʻe loa.
• ʻO Truncus Arteriosus.

Ma kahi o 60% o kēia mau hihia e pili ana i ka CHD ʻoluʻolu. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa paha i kekahi mau pēpē ka CHD koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana.

No ke aha he mea nui kēia mau hoʻololi?

He mea nui loa kēia mau hoʻololi kūkulu i loko o nā aʻa brachiocephalic inā pono ʻoe e hana i kekahi mau ʻoki kino a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina hana lapaʻau. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Ke hoʻopili ʻia i kahi cardiopulmonary bypass (mīkini puʻuwai-māmā).
• I ka wā e hoʻokomo ai i kahi pacemaker .

ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻoiai ke hana ʻoe i nā mea e like me kēia, hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia kou mau aa brachiocephalic a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi e pili ana. No laila, e hana kāu kauka i nā mea e like me "Nā Hoʻāʻo Kiʻi" e nānā i ke ʻano o kou kino ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi mea e like me kēia. A laila, e hana lākou i nā hoʻoponopono i ka wā e hana ai i ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole ke kaʻina hana e like me ka mea e pono ai.

He aha nā kūlana e hoʻopilikia ai i ka vein brachiocephalic?

Aia kekahi mau kūlana e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka vein brachiocephalic:

• Nā pilikia o kahi Catheter Venous Waena: Hoʻohana pinepine nā kauka i kāu aʻa brachiocephalic no ke komo ʻana i ke kikowaena venous. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi a palupalu i loko o kēia aʻa e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā wai a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO nā pilikia e hiki ke hana me kēia me ka perforation o ke aʻa a i ʻole ka thrombosis aʻa hohonu o ka ʻaoʻao o luna. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea e like me pseudoaneurysms.
• Stenosis: Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻohāiki i kēia aʻa. No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe ma ka dialysis , hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i kahi fistula arteriovenous (kahi ʻano aʻa koko e hoʻopili ai i kahi aʻa i kahi aʻa) e maʻalahi ai ka dialysis. Hoʻopilikia pinepine kēia i ka aʻa brachiocephalic. ʻO ka stenosis vein kahi pilikia kakaikahi o kēia kaʻina hana.
• Nā Tumors: Hiki i nā ʻōpū mediastinal mua ke hoʻoulu i kēia vein e hoʻonui a ālai i ke kahe koko, a i ʻole hiki ke hana ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma metastatic i pālahalaha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e nānā i kēia aa koko?

Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻokolohua e like me kēia e nānā i nā pilikia me kāu mau veins brachiocephalic, e like me:

• ʻO ka Ultrasound Duplex
• ʻO ka CT Scan `(Computered Tomography - CT Scan)`
• ʻO ke kiʻi MRI `(Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI )`
• Venogram (kahi hoʻokolokolo X-ray kūikawā o nā veins)

No laila pehea mākou e mālama ai i kēia aa brachiocephalic i ke olakino?

Ma ka hahai ʻana i kahi nohona olakino no ka puʻuwai, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kou mau kīʻaha koko a pau, me kēia mau aa koko brachiocephalic, e hana pono ana. Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

• E hoʻōki i ka puhipaka a me nā huahana paka āpau. He mea nui loa kēia.
• E inu i ka wai he nui. He mea maikaʻi loa ka inu ʻana i ka wai kūpono i kēlā me kēia lā no ke kino.
• E ʻai i nā meaʻai olakino no ka puʻuwai.Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻokele ʻana i kou koko, ka nui o ka cholesterol, a me ke kaumaha o ke kino.
• E hele wāwae. E ho'āʻo e hele wāwae no 30 mau minuke ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻelima mau lā o ka pule. Akā e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi hana hoʻoikaika kino hou.
• E neʻe iki a puni i ka lā. ʻO ka hoʻomaha pōkole mai ka noho mālie ʻana a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i kou kino e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kahe koko.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa kou aʻa brachiocephalic o kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻohele koko. ʻO ia ka mea e lawe i ke koko i nele i ka oxygen mai kou kino luna i kou puʻuwai. No laila, he mea nui loa e hana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama i kou aʻa brachiocephalic, a me kou mau aʻa ʻē aʻe a pau, i ke olakino.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hana olakino puʻuwai hiki ke kōkua i kou mau aʻa e hana maikaʻi aʻe no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hoʻololi hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kāu hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maikaʻi loa nāu.

No laila, ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua pono kēia ʻike iā ʻoe. ʻO ka ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau ʻōnaehana kupaianaha i loko o ko kākou kino e hoihoi nui ai iā kākou e mālama iā lākou i ke olakino, ʻeā?