Pehea e hana ai kou kino i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i (Erythropoiesis)!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e hana ʻia ai kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole nā ​​hunaola koko ʻulaʻula , i loko o ko kākou kino? He hana kupaianaha maoli kēia, paʻakikī, a koʻikoʻi hoʻi no ko kākou ola. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻia ʻana o kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kākou e kapa nei i kēia ( Erythropoiesis). Ua like kēia me kahi hale hana liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino, e hana mau ana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou.

He aha ka Erythropoiesis? No ke aha he mea nui ia iā mākou?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, (Erythropoiesis) ke kaʻina hana e hana ai kou kino i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula (i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia he "Erythrocytes"). ʻO kēia kaʻina hana ka mea e loaʻa ai i ko mākou kino ka nui kūpono o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula - ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi loa, ʻaʻole nui loa. E noʻonoʻo wale i ke koʻikoʻi o kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i ko mākou kino!

ʻo lākou:

• Ke hanu kākou, komo ka oxygen i loko o nā māmā a lawe ʻia i nā ʻiʻo a me nā cell ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Ua like ia me nā mea lawe leka liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino.
• Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kalapona ʻokikene i hana ʻia i loko o ko kākou kino e hoʻihoʻi ʻia i nā māmā, kahi e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai i ka wā e hanu ai kākou.

No laila, ʻike ʻoe, ʻaʻole hiki iā kākou ke ola me ka ʻole o kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Ola kino kākou no ka mea ke hana pono nei ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo erythropoiesis.

ʻO ka Erythropoiesis kekahi ʻāpana o kahi hana nui aʻe. ʻO ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻekolu o nā hunaola koko i loko o ko kākou kino ua kapa ʻia ʻo " Hematopoiesis ".

• ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Erythropoiesis" (ka mea a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia manawa).
• ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Leukopoiesis".
• ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā platelets (nā pūnaewele e kōkua ana i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko) ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Thrombopoiesis".

Ma hea e hana ʻia ai kēia (Erythropoiesis)?

Loli kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

I ka wā e noho ana ke pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū (Fetal erythropoiesis)

Hoʻomaka kēia (Erythropoiesis) ma mua o ko kākou hānau ʻia ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoiai kākou i loko o ka ʻōpū o ko kākou makuahine.

• Ma kahi o ʻekolu pule: Hoʻomaka mua kēia i loko o kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo " Yolk Sac" e hānai ana i ka embryo.
• Ma hope o ʻelua a ʻekolu mahina: Ma hope o kēlā, hana ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ke akepaʻa a me ka spleen o ka ʻōpū.
• Ma kahi o ʻelima mahina: Hoʻomaka kēia kaʻina hana i loko o ka iwi iwi o ka embryo. ʻO ka iwi iwi ka ʻāpana palupalu a huʻahuʻa i loko o ko kākou mau iwi.

Nā keiki a me nā mākua (Erythropoiesis)

Ma hope o ko kākou hānau ʻana, hana nui ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kākouI loko o ka iwi ʻiʻo .

• Nā keiki: I ka wā kamaliʻi, hana ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ka iwi o nā iwi he nui i loko o ke kino.
• Nā Mākua: I ko kākou ulu ʻana, hana wale kēia ma kekahi mau iwi. Eia kekahi laʻana, ma nā wahi e like me ke pelvis, nā vertebrae, nā iwi ʻaoʻao, a me ka iwi umauma.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka erythropoiesis Medullary a me Extramedullary?

ʻOiai paha he mea paʻakikī iki kēia mau huaʻōlelo ʻelua, he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo.

• ʻO ke ʻano o ka `(Medullary)` he mea pili i ka iwi ʻiʻo. No laila, ʻo ke ʻano o ka `(Medullary erythropoiesis)` ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ka iwi ʻiʻo. ʻO kēia ke kūlana maʻamau.
• ʻO ka erythropoiesis extramedullary e pili ana i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ma waho o ka iwi iwi, e like me ke akepaʻa a me ka spleen.

I ke kahua fetal, he mea maʻamau kēia (extramedullary erythropoiesis). Akā i ka wā e hiki mai ana i kahi pākeke, hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o kekahi maʻi a pilikia paha i loko o ka iwi iwi. A laila nānā nā kauka iā ia.

He aha nā pae o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula?

ʻAʻole hana ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i ka manawa hoʻokahi, he huakaʻi ia e hele ana ma waena o kekahi mau pae. Ua like ia me kahi anuhe e lilo ana i pulelehua.

Hoʻomaka kēia mau hunaola koko a pau mai kahi hunaola kumu hoʻokahi. Kāhea mākou iā ia he "Hematopoietic stem cell" (HSC) . Ua like kēia me kahi "master cell." Hiki i kēia hunaola HSC ke lilo i kekahi o kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​platelets.

Ke hana ʻia kahi ʻulaʻula koko, lilo mua kēia ʻulaʻula HSC i ʻulaʻula i kapa ʻia ʻo "Common myeloid progenitor" (CMP) . Hiki i kēia ʻulaʻula CMP ke lilo i ʻulaʻula koko, i platelet, a i ʻole kekahi ʻano ʻulaʻula koko keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka mea aʻe, ʻo ke ʻulaʻula CMP e lilo ana i ʻulaʻula koko e ulu aʻe i "Megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell" (MEP) .

Ke lilo ia i MEP, ke hele nei kēlā cell i ke ala e lilo ai i cell koko ʻulaʻula. A laila hele ia ma o kekahi mau pae hou aʻe:

• `(Proerythroblast)` (Proerythroblast)
• `(Erythroblast)` (Erythroblast)
• `(Normoblast)` (Normoblast)
• `(Reticulocyte)` (Reticulocyte) - He ʻōpuʻu koko ʻulaʻula ʻōpiopio kēia.
• ʻO ka hope loa, lilo ia i "Erythrocyte" piha, ʻo ia hoʻi, he ʻulaʻula koko e like me kā kākou e ʻike nei.

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i hana piha ʻia i loko o ke kahe koko mai ka iwi iwi. A laila hoʻomaka lākou i kā lākou hana koʻikoʻi loa - ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen a puni a me ka wehe ʻana i ke kalapona ʻokikene.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o kēia kaʻina hana?

ʻO ka maʻamau, he hoʻokahi pule ka lōʻihi no ke kūkulu piha ʻana o hoʻokahi hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

He aha ke ola o ke koko ʻulaʻula?

Noho hoʻokahi hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ko mākou kino no kahi o 120 mau lā.ʻO ia hoʻi. A laila make kēlā mau pūnaewele, a hoʻokumu ʻia nā pūnaewele hou ma ko lākou wahi. He pōʻaiapuni kēia e hana mau ana.

He aha ka mea e hoʻomalu i kēia (Erythropoiesis)?

Hoʻomalu ko mākou kino i kēia kaʻina hana (Erythropoiesis) ma ke ʻano kupaianaha loa. ʻO ka mea nui ka pae o ka oxygen i loko o ko mākou kino.

E noʻonoʻo, inā ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i kou mau ʻiʻo (kapa mākou i kēia kūlana he "Hypoxia"), e wikiwiki koke kou kino i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. No ka mea, i ka wā e piʻi ai nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, piʻi pū ka nui o ka oxygen e hele ana i nā ʻiʻo.

Hoʻoulu ʻia kēia kaʻina hana (Erythropoiesis), ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻāla ʻia, e kahi hormone kūikawā. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he `(Erythropoietin)` (EPO ).

He aha kēia (Erythropoietin - EPO)?

ʻO ka Erythropoietin (EPO) kahi hormone e hoʻonui ai i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Ua like nā hormones me nā ʻelele kemika e hoʻonohonoho i nā hana like ʻole i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka EPO e pono ai ko mākou kino ua hana ʻia e ko mākou mau puʻupaʻa .

Eia ke ʻano o kēia:

1. No ka mea, haʻahaʻa ka helu o kou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i loko o kou mau ʻiʻo kino.

2. I ka pane ʻana i kēia, hoʻopuka hou aku kou mau puʻupaʻa i ka hormone EPO.

3. Hoʻoulu kēia hormone EPO i kou iwi iwi e hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou aʻe.

4. I ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, piʻi pū ka nui o ka "(Hemoglobin)" (ka protein e lawe ana i ka oxygen) i loko o lākou. Ke ʻike nā puʻupaʻa i kēia, hoʻemi lākou i kā lākou hoʻokuʻu ʻana o EPO.

5. Ma kēia ʻano, mālama ʻia ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ko kākou kino ma kekahi pae. Kāhea mākou i kēia kaulike ʻo ``(Homeostasis)`` (homeostasis).

Ke hoʻopuka mau nei ko mākou mau puʻupaʻa i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka EPO e pale aku i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. No ka mea, ma kahi o 1% o ko mākou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e make ana i kēlā me kēia lā, (Erythropoiesis) ka mea e hoʻopiha ai i kēlā hemahema.

Inā loli ka pae o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ma muli o kahi maʻi a i ʻole kahi ulia, e hoʻonui a hoʻēmi paha nā puʻupaʻa i ka hana ʻana o EPO.

He aha ka mea e hana inā pilikia me ka erythropoiesis?

Inā he pilikia a kīnā paha i ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hiki ke emi mai a ʻoi aku paha kou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

• Ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula: Ua kapa ʻia kēia he anemia . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo o kou kino. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonāwaliwali iā ʻoe, luhi mau, a i kekahi manawa anuanu . Aia nā ʻano anemia like ʻole.
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula: Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo `(Erythrocytosis)` (erythrocytosis). Ke hana ʻia kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi manawa i nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi e like me ke poʻo ʻeha a me ka luhi. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke kumu, hiki i kekahi manawa ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me nā ʻōpū koko .

He aha nā kūlana e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka erythropoiesis?

Nui nā maʻi a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana ʻana a me ke kaohi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ko mākou kino.

Nā maʻi e pili ana i ka māmā

Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka oxygen i loaʻa i ke kino, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hana EPO.

• Asthma
• Ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive mau loa (COPD)

Nā maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻopilikia ai i ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi iwi

Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻopilikia pololei i ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

• Leukemia
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpū
• Myeloma
• Nā maʻi Myeloproliferative

Nā kumu ʻē aʻe

• Nā hemahema i ka meaʻai: ʻO ka hemahema o ka hao, ka wikamina B12, a me ka folate (folic acid) hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hana ʻole ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. ʻO kēia nā poloka kūkulu e pono ai no ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
• Ke noho ʻana ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe: Ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, emi ka oxygen i ka lewa. No laila, no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, hana ke kino i ka EPO hou aʻe a hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

Hana ko mākou kino i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou i ko mākou ola a pau. Ke make nā hunaola kahiko, ʻike ke kino i kēia mau loli a hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o ka EPO, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka hana ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. I mea e mālama ai i ka lako olakino o ka oxygen i ko mākou mau ʻiʻo, pono mākou e loaʻa ka helu kūpono o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, hoʻomalu ke kino i kēia kaʻina hana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana ma kā mākou ʻaoʻao. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i kēia kaʻina hana (erythropoiesis), hiki i kāu kauka ke mālama a kāohi paha iā ia.

Nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)

• He kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi loa ka Erythropoiesis e hana ai i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ko mākou kino.
• ʻO kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ka mea e lawe i ka oxygen ma loko o ko kākou kino a hoʻopau i ke kalapona ʻokikene.
• Hana nui kēia kaʻina hana i loko o ko kākou iwi iwi .
• ʻO kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo Erythropoietin (EPO) , i hana nui ʻia e nā puʻupaʻa, kōkua i ke kaohi ʻana i kēia kaʻina hana.
• Hiki i nā pilikia me kēia kaʻina hana ke hana i ka anemia (ka emi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula) a i ʻole erythrocytosis (ka piʻi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula).
• He mea nui ka erythropoiesis kūpono no ke ola olakino. Inā he mau nīnau a kānalua paha kāu e pili ana i kēia, e ʻimi pono i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau .

No laila, ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua maopopo iā ʻoe i kēia kaʻina hana kupaianaha i kapa ʻia ʻo (Erythropoiesis). Nui nā mea e hana nei i loko o ko kākou kino a kākou i ʻike ʻole ai, ʻeā?

Nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula , erythropoiesis, iwi ʻiʻo, anemia, oxygen, erythropoietin, nā puʻupaʻa