Nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i nā Taste Buds!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea mākou e ʻono ai i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka mea inu? He ʻono loa kekahi mau meaʻai iā mākou, a ʻo kekahi ʻaʻole ʻono loa. I kekahi manawa, i ka manawa e hoʻokomo ai mākou i kahi meaʻai palaho i loko o ko mākou waha, ʻike mākou, 'Auē, ʻaʻole maikaʻi kēia e ʻai.' Kōkua ʻia kēia mau mea a pau e kekahi mau ʻōpū liʻiliʻi ma ko mākou alelo. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēlā mau ʻono, a i ʻole `(Taste Buds)`.

He aha kēia mau ʻono?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he liʻiliʻi nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono, akā he mea nui loa nā ʻāpana sensory ma ko kākou alelo. Inā ʻoe e nānā i kou alelo i loko o ke aniani, e ʻike ʻoe he mau puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi e like me ka nati ma ke alelo. Aia i loko o kēlā mau puʻupuʻu nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono. Kapa mākou i kēia mau papillae . Hōʻike kēia mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono iā mākou i ke ʻano o nā mea a mākou e ʻai ai a inu ai, inā he ʻono maikaʻi a ʻino paha. ʻO kēia ʻike ka mea e ʻoluʻolu ai ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a hāʻawi i ko mākou kino i nā meaola e pono ai. ʻAʻole wale ia, akā i ka wā e hoʻokomo ai mākou i kahi mea i loko o ko mākou waha i kūpono ʻole no ka ʻai ʻana, e like me ka waiū palaho a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana ʻiʻo palaho, ʻo ia mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono e hoʻomaopopo mai iā mākou, 'ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole kēia.'

Aia i hea nā ʻono?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, aia nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono ma ko kākou alelo . Akā i kahi liʻiliʻi, loaʻa pū lākou ma luna o ke kaupaku o ko kākou waha a ma ko kākou puʻu. ʻO nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono ma ke alelo, ʻo ia kēlā mau puʻupuʻu aʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, i kapa ʻia he papillae. ʻEkolu ʻano papillae i loaʻa nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono:

• Nā papillae fungiform: Aia kēia mau mea ma nā ʻaoʻao a me ka wēlau o ke alelo. Aia ma kahi o 1,600 mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono ma kēia wahi.
• Nā papillae Circumvallate: Aia kēia mau mea ma ke kua o ke alelo. Loaʻa iā lākou ma kahi o 250 mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono.
• Nā papillae lau: Aia kēia ma ke kua o ke alelo, ma kēlā ʻaoʻao kēia ʻaoʻao. Aia ma kahi o 20 o kēia mau papillae, hiki i kēlā me kēia ke loaʻa nā haneli o nā ʻono.

Akā, aia kekahi manaʻo kuhihewa iki he mau ʻāpana kaʻawale ma ke alelo no kēlā me kēia ʻono. ʻAʻohe ʻāpana kūikawā. Ua hoʻopuehu ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono no ka ʻono, ka paʻakai, ka ʻawaʻawa, ka ʻawaʻawa a me ka umami ma ke alelo holoʻokoʻa. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o kekahi mau ʻāpana o ke alelo i kekahi mau ʻono . No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono ma ke kua o ke alelo i nā ʻono ʻawaʻawa. He ʻano evolutionary paha kēia. No ka mea, loaʻa pinepine nā mea ʻawaʻawa i nā hui i ʻike ʻia e ko kākou mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono he ʻawaʻawa a he ʻoluʻolu ʻole. No laila, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana he mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole kekahi mea (a he mea weliweli paha) ma mua o ka moni ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopakele i ko kākou ola.

Pehea ke ʻano o ka ʻōpuʻu ʻono?

E noʻonoʻo e like me ka ʻōpū o ka ʻalani i ʻili ʻia, a i ʻole e like me ka ʻōpuʻu o ka rose, me nā ʻāpana he nui i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia. Pēlā ke ʻano o ka ʻōpuʻu ʻono. Ma ka piko o kēia 'ʻōpuʻu rose', aia kahi puka liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'taste pore' . Maanei e komo ai nā mea a mākou e ʻai ai a inu ai a pili me nā ʻāpana ʻono i loko.

He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻōpuʻu ʻono?

He hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻōpū ʻono ka ʻōpuʻu ʻono i loko o nā papillae ma ke alelo aʻu i ʻōlelo ai. He nui nā ʻāpana nui o ia mea:

• Nā pūnaewele mea hoʻokipa ʻono: Aia ma waena o 50 a me 150 o kēia mau pūnaewele i loko o hoʻokahi ʻōpuʻu ʻono. Loaʻa i kēia mau pūnaewele nā ​​mea hoʻokipa e piʻi aʻe i luna i loko o ka lua ʻono. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau ʻano hana e like me ka fiber e kuhikuhi ana i luna he microvilli . Hoʻopili kēia mau microvilli i nā kemika i loko o ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele mea hoʻokipa ʻono i nā aʻalolo e lawe ana i nā hōʻailona ʻono i ka lolo. Hoʻopaʻa inoa ka lolo i ka kemika e hoʻopili ana me kēia mau mea hoʻokipa he ʻono, paʻakai, a pēlā aku.
• Nā pūnaewele basal: ʻO kēia nā pūnaewele kumu e lilo i mau pūnaewele mea loaʻa ʻono hou i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e like me nā pūnaewele kumu. Hana ko mākou kino i nā pūnaewele mea loaʻa ʻono hou i kēlā me kēia 10 lā .
• Nā pūnaewele kākoʻo / Nā pūnaewele Sustentacular: Loaʻa pū kēia mau pūnaewele i loko o nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono, me nā pūnaewele mea loaʻa ʻono. Eia naʻe, ʻoiai aia lākou i loko o nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka ʻono. Hana lākou ma ke ʻano he mau pūnaewele kākoʻo no nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā ʻano ʻono nui i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono?

Hiki i kā mākou mau ʻono ke ʻike i ʻelima mau ʻano ʻono nui . ʻO lākou kēia:

• ʻOno: Loaʻa pinepine i nā meaʻai ʻono kahi ʻano kō (e.g., sucrose, glucose, fructose, lactose). Hoʻokomo pū kēia i nā mea e like me ka meli, nā huaʻai, a me ka ice cream.
• Paʻakai: Loaʻa i nā meaʻai paʻakai ka paʻakai a mākou e ʻai ai (sodium chloride) a me nā minelala e like me ka magnesium a me ka potassium. E noʻonoʻo i nā pretzels, nā ʻuala palai, a me ka popcorn hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
• ʻAwaʻawa: Hiki i nā meaʻai ʻawaʻawa ke loaʻa nā mea e like me ka caffeine a i ʻole nā ​​​​hui mai nā mea kanu. He ʻono paʻakikī ka ʻawaʻawa. Makemake kekahi poʻe i nā meaʻai ʻawaʻawa e like me ke kofe a me ke kokoleka ʻeleʻele, aʻo kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole.
• ʻOno ʻawaʻawa: Loaʻa pinepine i nā meaʻai ʻawaʻawa e like me ka lemona a me ka vīnega kekahi ʻano waikawa (acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid).
• ʻUmami: ʻO ka ʻUmami kahi ʻono e hāʻawi ana i ka manaʻo he ʻiʻo, a momona loa paha, a ʻono paha. He nui nā meaʻai a ko kākou mau ʻono e ʻike ai he ʻumami aia kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo glutamate. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻumami e komo pū me nā tōmato, asparagus, iʻa, halo, a me ka soy.

Hoʻomaopopo kou mau ʻono i kēia mau ʻono i ka hui pū ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu he paʻakikī loa ka ʻike ʻono o ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka meaʻai ke ʻono nui, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau ʻono paʻakai a umami. A i ʻole he ʻawaʻawa loa ka mea inu, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke loaʻa iā ia kekahi ʻono. E noʻonoʻo, i ka wā e ʻai ai mākou i ka curry moa maikaʻi, ʻo ia ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea he nui e like me ka paʻakai, ka ʻala, a me ka umami e hoʻomaopopo ai iā mākou i kēlā ʻono kūikawā.

Pehea e hana ai nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono?

Hana nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono me nā mea loaʻa ʻala i loko o ko kākou ihu e hāʻawi iā kākou i ka ʻono piha o kahi meaʻai. E noʻonoʻo, ke nau ʻoe i ka meaʻai, hana pū kou mau niho a me kou lawai i loko o kou waha e wāwahi i ka meaʻai. Ke nau ʻoe, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kemika i loko o ka meaʻai. Hele kēia mau mea i kou mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono. Hele kēia mau hōʻailona kemika i luna o nā ala ihu a i nā mea loaʻa i loko o kou ihu. A laila, ke hui pū kēia mau hōʻailona mai kou ihu a me kou waha, loaʻa iā mākou ka ʻike piha o ka 'ʻono a me ke ʻala' o kahi meaʻai. E noʻonoʻo, ke pani ʻoe i kou ihu a ʻai i kahi meaʻai, ʻaʻole e nalowale loa ka ʻono, akā hiki ke loli ka ʻono, a i ʻole e emi iho kona ikaika, ʻeā? Eia ke kumu.

ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he 'ʻono' he hui pū ʻana ia o ka ʻono a me ke ʻala!

ʻAʻole wale ia, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano pūnaewele ʻē aʻe i loko o kou waha a me kou puʻu e hiki ke ʻike i ka wela a i ʻole ke anu o kahi meaʻai a mea inu paha. Ke ʻōlelo ʻoe 'wela', ʻo ia hoʻi ka mahana a me ka ʻala. Ke ʻōlelo ʻoe 'anuanu', ʻo ia hoʻi ka mahana a me kekahi mau ʻono, e like me ka mint a i ʻole ka eucalyptus. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau pūnaewele sensory he nui e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka ʻike o ka mea a mākou e ʻai ai a inu ai.

ʻEhia mau ʻono i loaʻa iā kākou?

He 2,000 a 10,000 mau ʻono ko ka pākeke maʻamau. I ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, emi iho ka nui o kēia mau ʻono. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻono o nā keiki ʻōpio ma mua o nā pākeke. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa ka nui a me ka helu o nā ʻono mai kēlā kanaka a i kēia kanaka.

Ma muli o kēia mau ʻokoʻa, ʻoiai hiki i nā kānaka āpau ke ʻono i nā ʻono nui ʻelima, ʻo ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o kēlā mau ʻono, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻike a me ka ʻike, hiki ke ʻokoʻa mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. ʻO ka meaʻai āu i makemake ai i kou wā kamaliʻi, ʻaʻole paha e like me ka ʻono i kou wā e ulu ana. Pēlā nō, hiki ke loli ke ʻano o kou ʻono ʻana i nā ʻono i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa i kou wā ʻelemakule.

Pehea ka nui o ka ʻōpuʻu ʻono?

Loaʻa nā ʻono i nā nui like ʻole. Ma ka awelika, ʻo kekahi ma kahi o 30 o ka millimeter ke anawaena a me 16 o ka millimeter ka lōʻihi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ka liʻiliʻi o ia mea?

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohou ʻana i ka Rasa Naharika?

Hoʻopuka ʻia nā pūnaewele mea hoʻokipa ʻono hou mai kēlā mau pūnaewele basal ma kahi o ʻelua manawa i ka pule (ʻo ka maʻamau i kēlā me kēia 10 lā). ʻO ke ʻano kēia e hoʻohou mau ʻia ana ko kākou mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono. Eia naʻe, i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, hiki ke lohi ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana o kēia mau pūnaewele hou, a hiki nō hoʻi ke emi ka huina. ʻO ia ke kumu e loli ai ke ʻano o ko kākou ʻono ʻana i nā ʻono i nā manawa like ʻole o ko kākou ola. ʻOkoʻa paha nā meaʻai āu e makemake ai ma ke ʻano he kanaka makua mai nā meaʻai āu i makemake ai i kou wā ʻōpiopio. Eia kekahi, loli kou ʻike ʻono i kou wā ʻelemakule.

He aha nā maʻi a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono?

Aia kekahi hui o nā kūlana e hoʻopilikia i ko mākou hiki ke ʻono, a mākou e kapa nei he 'nā maʻi ʻono' . ʻO kekahi o lākou:

• Ageusia: Ka nalowale loa ʻana o ka ʻike o ka ʻono.
• Dysgeusia: Ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o ka ʻike o ka ʻono (e.g., ka ʻono ʻana i kahi mea ʻono e like me ka ʻawaʻawa).
• Hypergeusia: Hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻono.
• Hypogeusia: Ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike o ka ʻono.
• Maʻi ʻono hona: ʻO ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu ʻole mau i loko o ka waha ʻoiai ʻaʻohe mea i loko.

Eia kekahi, hiki i kekahi o kēia mau mea ke hoʻopilikia i kāu mau ʻono a hoʻololi i ka ʻono o ka meaʻai:

• Nā maʻi o ka waha a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī, me ka gingivitis.
• Nā kūlana mumū i loko o ka waha (pehu ʻana, ʻulaʻula).
• Ka nele o ka huaora B12 a i ʻole ka zinc.
• nā maʻi metabolic e like me ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka hypothyroidism.
• Nā maʻi neurological e like me ka maʻi o Parkinson a me ka sclerosis maha.
• Ka pōʻino o ke aʻalolo.
• ʻO ka maʻi reflux Gastroesophageal, a i ʻole ka reflux acid mau loa (GERD).
• Ke puhi paka a i ʻole ka nau ʻana i ka paka.
• Ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona.
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me ka chemotherapy, no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.
• Waha maloʻo.
• Alelo ʻā.
• Ka pehu ʻana o kahi ʻōpuʻu ʻono.

Pehea lā e mālama ai i ko kākou mau ʻono i ke olakino?

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ke hoʻoponopono mau ʻia nei a hoʻololi ʻia kāu mau ʻono. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, e hoʻōla pinepine kahi ʻono i ʻeha iā ia iho. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻomau ka pōʻino, e like me nā maʻi hou a i ʻole ka puhipaka ʻana, e pau paha ka ho'ōla ʻana o nā ʻono a e hoʻopilikia ʻia paha kou hiki ke ʻono.

No laila, eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻana i kāu mau ʻōpuʻu ʻono:

• Mai hoʻohana i nā huahana paka. He mea nui loa kēia.
• E kaupalena i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona.
• E mālama i kou mau niho, ʻāʻī, a me ke alelo i ka maʻemaʻe. ʻO ia hoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe waha maikaʻi.
• E hoʻomāalili iki i ka meaʻai ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana. Mai puhi i kou alelo ma ka ʻai wikiwiki ʻana i ka meaʻai wela.
• Mai kau pololei i nā mea anu loa e like me ka hau ma luna o kou alelo.

Inā ʻoe e mālama i kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kou mau ʻono a hauʻoli i kahi pāʻina ʻono i kēlā me kēia lā.

Leka Lawe-Home

ʻAe, ua kamaʻilio nui kākou e pili ana i nā ʻono i kēia lā, ʻeā? E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo kēia mau ʻōpū liʻiliʻi ke kōkua iā kākou e ʻono i ka meaʻai. Hana lākou i kēia hana me nā ʻala i loko o ko kākou ihu.

He ʻāpana kupaianaha nā ʻono o ko kākou kino, he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi akā hana nui!

Inā he ʻeha iki kou i kou mau ʻono, ʻaʻohe mea e hopohopo ai. E ho'ōla pinepine ʻia ia i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha pule, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hauʻoli hou i ka meaʻai. I kēia manawa, e makaʻala ʻaʻole e puhi i kou alelo ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kāu meaʻai e hoʻomaʻalili ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana. ʻOi aku hoʻi, e pale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana paka, no ka mea hiki i kēia ke hōʻino i kou mau ʻono no ka manawa lōʻihi.

No laila, no ka ola ʻono, he mea nui loa nā ʻono olakino!

Nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono , nā ʻōpuʻu ʻono, ka ʻono o ke alelo, ke ʻano o ka ʻono, ka ʻono o ka meaʻai, ke alelo, ke ʻala, ka nalowale o ka ʻono, nā maʻi alelo, papilla, umami