Ua lohe anei ʻoe i ka fMRI, kahi e hiki ai ke nānā i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kou lolo? (Functional MRI)

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e hana ai nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ko kākou lolo a pehea lākou e pane ai kekahi i kekahi? I kekahi manawa, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi mea e like me ke ʻoki lolo, makemake nā kauka e ʻike pono i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e hana nei i ka hana koʻikoʻi loa a me nā ʻāpana e pilikia paha inā hōʻino ʻia. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi scan kūikawā i hoʻohana ʻia i nā manawa e like me kēia a hiki ke hōʻike i kekahi o nā mea huna i loko o ka lolo.

He aha ka fMRI? I ka pōkole...

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) he scan e hōʻike ana i ka hana o nā ʻāpana kikoʻī o ko kākou lolo, ʻo ia hoʻi, pehea ka nui o ka hana ʻana o kēlā mau ʻāpana i kahi manawa i hāʻawi ʻia. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kahi scan MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Pili ia i ke komo ʻana i loko o kahi mīkini nui a poepoe. Hoʻohana ia i kahi kahua magnetic ikaika loa, nā nalu lekiō, a me ka ʻenehana kamepiula e lawe i nā kiʻi 3D maopopo loa o loko o ko kākou kino. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohana i ka radiation e like me ka X-ray. No laila, ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo e pili ana i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka radiation.

I kēia manawa, hana ʻia kēia scan fMRI me ka mīkini MRI maʻamau like. Akā ʻo ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i kēia, hiki iā ia ke nānā i ke kahe o ke koko i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kou lolo. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana iā ia, i ka wā e hana ana ko kākou mau hunaola lolo, pono lākou i ka oxygen hou aku. A laila lawe ʻia kēlā oxygen e ke koko. No laila, ʻo nā wahi i nui ai ke kahe o ke koko ʻo ia nā wahi o ka lolo e hana nui nei. ʻIke ʻia kēlā mau wahi i ka mālamalama o ka scan fMRI. Maopopo iā ʻoe pehea e hana ai kēlā?

He aha ka mea e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka scan fMRI?

Ma ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i ke kahe koko a me ka hana ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kou lolo, hiki i nā kauka ke ʻike i ka ʻāpana o kou lolo e hoʻomalu i kahi hana a i ʻole hiki. He mea pono loa kēia i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ke ʻoki lolo a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hana lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia paha i ka lolo. E noʻonoʻo e pono ʻoe e hana i ke ʻoki ma kahi ʻāpana o kou lolo. A laila hiki i ka neurosurgeon ke hoʻohana i kēia fMRI e hoʻolālā i ke ʻoki. Hiki iā ia ke ʻike pololei i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e hana nei i nā hana koʻikoʻi a pono e waiho ʻia me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻia . Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia scan fMRI ma nā pākeke a me nā keiki ʻōpio.

Eia kekahi laʻana, hoʻokele ʻia nā neʻe ʻana o nā ʻiʻo e kahi wahi kikoʻī ma ka lobe frontal o ko kākou lolo. Inā ʻoe e noi i kekahi e pā i kou mau manamana lima i ka wā o ka scan fMRI, e hōʻike ka scan i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e pili ana i kēlā hana. A laila ʻike ka neurosurgeon e hana me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana iā lākou.

Eia kekahi mau kūlana a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina hana lapaʻau e pono ai kēia ʻano hoʻolālā:

• ʻEpilepsy:Inā ʻaʻole i kāohi ʻia ka maʻi epilepsy e ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau ʻē aʻe, pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana i ka lolo (ʻoki epilepsy) .
• Nā puʻupuʻu lolo: Pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i nā ʻano puʻupuʻu āpau, ʻo ia hoʻi nā maʻi kanesa a me nā maʻi ʻino.
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau radiation i ka lolo: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau radiation pololei no nā maʻi lolo he nui, e like me ke kanesa a me nā pilikia kahe koko.
• Nā scan ma hope o ka mālama ʻana: Kōkua pū kēia scan e ʻike inā he mau loli i ka hana o ka lolo ma hope o kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau.

Eia kekahi, ke noiʻi nei nā mea noiʻi i nā hoʻohana ʻē aʻe no ka fMRI. Eia kekahi laʻana, aia nā hōʻike e hiki ke pono i nā mea e like me ka biofeedback therapy .

Pehea ka maʻamau o nā scan fMRI?

Ma muli o ka palena o nā pono lapaʻau o nā scan fMRI, ʻaʻole lākou i maʻamau loa i nā wahi mālama ola. ʻAʻole paha i loaʻa i nā haukapila liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​kikowaena olakino nā pono e hana i kahi scan fMRI. Inā makemake ʻoe i hoʻokahi, pono paha ʻoe e hele i kahi kikowaena lapaʻau nui aʻe.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kēia scan?

I ka lā o kāu scan fMRI, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e inu i kekahi mea i loaʻa ka caffeine , no ka mea hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā hopena fMRI. Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, e aʻo aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe pehea e lawe ai iā lākou (a me ka wā e hoʻōki ai i ka lawe ʻana iā lākou) ma mua o ke scan.

E like me ke kiʻi MRI maʻamau, hoʻohana ke kiʻi fMRI i kahi magnet ikaika loa. He ikaika loa kēia magnet a hiki iā ia ke hōʻino i kekahi mau mea a hiki ke huki koke i nā mea magnetic. ʻOiai nā mea metala maʻamau hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli kokoke i kahi mīkini MRI.

No laila, ʻaʻole pono e loaʻa nā ʻāpana metala i nā lole āu e ʻaʻahu ai, nā mea hoʻonani āu e hoʻohana ai, a me nā kui lauoho āu e hoʻohana ai. ʻAʻole pili kēia i nā metala i loaʻa nā waiwai magnetic, akā, i nā ʻano metala ʻē aʻe a pau. No ka mea, hiki i nā metala ʻaʻole magnetic ke hoʻopilikia i ka moakāka o ke kiʻi ʻana.

Nā mea āu e pono ʻole ai e lawe mai a ʻaʻahu paha i kahi mīkini MRI

• Nā mea hoʻonani, nā wati, nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē a me nā mea kōkua hoʻolohe .
• Nā pine, nā pine lauoho metala, nā pale umauma i uea ʻia, a me nā zipper metala (hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻololi i nā kiʻi MRI).
• Nā niho kuʻi hiki ke wehe ʻia .
• Nā peni, nā pahi ʻeke a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana he nui .
• Nā ʻoki kino .
• Nā kelepona paʻalima, nā uaki uila a me nā mea hahai .

He mea maoli nō ia e haʻi aku ai i ke kauka !

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi MRI:

• He pacemaker puʻuwai a defibrillator paha.
• Nā mea hoʻoulu uila a i ʻole nā ​​mea hana i hoʻokomo ʻia. ʻO nā laʻana: nā mea hoʻoulu lolo hohonu , nā mea hoʻoulu aʻalolo vagus , nā mea hoʻoulu ʻōpū mimi, nā mea hoʻoulu iwi kuamoʻo, nā neurostimulators , a me nā electrodes a i ʻole nā ​​​​uea i hoʻokomo ʻia.
• Nā hono pani .
• Nā mea hoʻokomo pepeiao cochlear a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻokomo pepeiao ʻē aʻe.
• Nā pamu lāʻau i hoʻokomo ʻia . Nā laʻana: nā mea e hāʻawi ana i nā mea ʻeha, nā mea e hāʻawi ana i nā lāʻau e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻoʻoleʻa o nā ʻiʻo (spasticity) .
• Nā shunt hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia .
• Nā ʻūpā a me nā ʻōwili o ka aneurysm.
• ʻO nā stent ʻaʻole i loko o ka puʻuwai.
• Nā kānana, no ka laʻana nā kānana ʻaʻa koko.
• Nā ʻāpana metala i paʻa i kou kino a i ʻole kou mau maka. Nā laʻana: nā pōkā, nā ʻāpana hao , nā ʻāpana metala a i ʻole ka pauka.
• He mea nānā glucose mau (CGM) .
• He pamu insulin .
• He ʻāpana lāʻau lapaʻau āu e hoʻopili ai i kahi o kou kino.

Eia kekahi, pono ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia mau mea ma mua o ka fMRI:

• Inā hāpai ʻoe a manaʻo paha ʻoe.
• Inā he kumu e hiki ʻole ai iā ʻoe ke moe ma kou kua i loko o ka hoʻokolohua holoʻokoʻa.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka claustrophobia (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka makaʻu i nā wahi paʻa). E noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua makaʻu ʻoe i ka noho ʻana i loko o kahi lumi liʻiliʻi. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēlā ʻano makaʻu, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo iki i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole ke komo ʻoe i loko o kēlā mīkini. ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai ʻoe e haʻi mua i ke kauka .

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka claustrophobia, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku iā ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau anti-anxiety i ka wā a i ʻole ma mua koke o ke scan. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia mai kēlā kanaka a i kēia kanaka, no laila inā manaʻo ʻoe i ka hopohopo i ka wā o ka fMRI, e nīnau i kāu kauka inā hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka lāʻau no ia.

Hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio ke loaʻa i kahi fMRI, akā pono paha e hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻomaha ai iā lākou. Hiki i ke kauka o kāu keiki ke wehewehe iā ʻoe i nā koho a me nā mea a lākou e ʻōlelo ai.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o kahi scan fMRI?

Hana ʻia kahi scan fMRI ma ke ʻano like me ka scan MRI maʻamau. I ka wā o ka scan, moe ʻoe ma luna o kahi moena a neʻe ʻia ka moena i ka mīkini MRI. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, hoʻohana ʻo fMRI i kahi scanner MRI ʻano apo kuʻuna. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole ikaika ka magnet i loko o kahi mīkini MRI hāmama.

I ka wā o ka fMRI, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kou poʻo i loko o kahi mea hana like me ka mahiole i kapa ʻia he ʻōwili poʻo . Kōkua kēia ʻōwili i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kiʻi maopopo. Pono nō hoʻi ʻoe e komo i kahi pālua o nā headphone hoʻopau leo ​​kūikawā e ālai i ka walaʻau mai ka mīkini MRI. Loaʻa i kēia mau headphone kekahi pōmaikaʻi. Hiki i nā limahana mālama ola, e like me nā loea MRI a i ʻole nā ​​​​radiologists, ke kamaʻilio me ʻoe a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi i ka wā o ke scan.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka MRI maʻamau a me ka fMRI ka hana . I ka wā o ka scan fMRI, noi nā limahana olakino iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio, e hoʻoluliluli i kou manamana lima, a i ʻole e hana i kahi mea maʻalahi e like me ia. ʻOiai ʻoe e hana ana i kēlā, nānā ka fMRI i kou kahe koko e ʻike i nā ʻāpana o kou lolo e hana nui ana. A laila hoʻohālikelike ia i kēlā me kāu mea e hana nei i kēlā manawa. Pēlā lākou e "palapala ai" i nā ʻāpana o kou lolo, e ʻike ana i ka mea e hana nei.

Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau hana ma nā ʻano ʻelua:

• ʻŌnaehana poloka: Ma kēia ʻōnaehana, hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi manawa pōkole e hana ai i kahi hana, a ukali ʻia e kahi manawa pōkole o ka hoʻomaha. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau wā he mau poloka.
• ʻŌnaehana hanana: Pili kēia i ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau hana i ka lālani me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaha.

Makemake paha kāu kauka e hana i kahi ʻāpana o ka fMRI ma ke ʻano he scan "resting state" . I loko o kēia manawa, moe wale ʻoe i lalo i loko o ka scanner (e noi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e wehe a pani paha i kou mau maka). Hiki i kēia i ke kauka ke ʻike a ana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hana o kou lolo ma waena o kou wā e hoʻomaha ai a me kou wā e ala ai.

Hana ʻoe i ka fMRI me nā mea hoʻohālikelike? (Functional MRI me ka hoʻohālikelike)

E like me ke kiʻi MRI maʻamau, hiki i nā kiʻi fMRI ke hoʻohana i kekahi manawa i kahi mea hoʻohālikelike e loaʻa ana ka gadolinium . Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia gadolinium i loko o kahi aʻa (IV) (ʻo ia hoʻi, ma o kekahi o kou mau aʻa) e kōkua i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo i kekahi mau ʻano i loko o kou kino a i ʻole kou lolo.

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana o kahi scan fMRI?

ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻokahi hola ka lōʻihi o kahi scan fMRI. Hiki ke lōʻihi iki aʻe inā pono ke kauka i ka ʻikepili hou aku e kālailai, a inā pono ʻo ia e hana i kekahi ʻano scan MRI me ka fMRI.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o kēia hoʻāʻo?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home ke pau ka nānā ʻana o ka fMRI. Eia nō naʻe, inā ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hopohopo i ka wā o ka fMRI, pono kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home. E nānā kahi radiologist i ka scan, kālailai iā ia, a haʻi iā ʻoe i nā hopena, a me ke kauka nāna ʻoe i kuhikuhi no ka scan (no ka laʻana , he neurologist a neurosurgeon paha) .

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o ka fMRI?

He mea pono loa ka fMRI no ka hoʻolālā ʻana ma mua o ke ʻoki kino . Hiki i nā neurosurgeons ke loaʻa kahi ʻike maikaʻi aʻe i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka lolo. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e hana i ke ʻoki kino me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka lolo, e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka nalowale ʻana o nā hana a kēlā mau ʻāpana e kaohi ai.

Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻolālā ʻana, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka fMRI. No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka invasive o nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, koi lākou i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hopena i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, a ʻaʻole pololei hoʻi i ka palapala ʻana i nā wahi o ka lolo e pili ana.

Aia kekahi mau hemahema a i ʻole nā ​​​​pōʻino i ka fMRI?

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, he nui nā hemahema o ka fMRI. ʻO ka hemahema nui loa ka pilina ma waena o ka manawa o ka scan fMRI a me ka wikiwiki o kā mākou hana lolo. E noʻonoʻo e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi o kekahi e holo wikiwiki ana. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka wikiwiki o ka lolo, lohi iki ka wikiwiki o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka fMRI i ka ʻikepili. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki ke loli ka hana o ka lolo i nā ʻumi milliseconds i kekona, akā hiki i ka fMRI ke hopu wale i ka mea e hana ʻia ana i kēlā me kēia kekona. No laila, hiki ke nalo ʻia nā loli maalea loa a koke.

He haʻahaʻa loa nā pilikia o ka fMRI. Ua like lākou me nā pilikia o ka MRI maʻamau. He haʻahaʻa loa hoʻi nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka hoʻohālikelike gadolinium . ʻO ka mea nui e hopohopo nei, ʻo ia ka palekana o ka metala. Pono ʻoe e hahai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau i hāʻawi ʻia e kāu kauka a me nā limahana lapaʻau e pili ana i ka palekana o ka metala. Inā he mau nīnau kāu, mai makaʻu e nīnau iā lākou.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka EEG a me ka fMRI?

He hoʻāʻo ka electroencephalogram (EEG) e ana a hoʻopaʻa i kāu hana lolo. Hōʻike kahi mīkini EEG i kāu hana lolo ma ke ʻano he moʻo o nā nalu ma ka pepa a i ʻole kahi pale kikohoʻe. ʻOiai ke hoʻopaʻa nei nā mea ʻelua i ka ʻikepili like, hōʻike kahi fMRI iā ia ma ke ʻano he kiʻi.

No laila, he aha ka ʻōlelo a kākou e hoʻomanaʻo ai mai kēia?

He ʻenehana hou ka fMRI. ʻOiai ua puni ia no kahi o 30 mau makahiki, ua wehe ia i nā ʻike hou i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka lolo. I kēia lā, he mea pono loa ia no ka palapala ʻana i ka hana o ka lolo a me ka hōʻike ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo e hana nei i kekahi mau hana a i ʻole nā ​​hanana. Inā he scan fMRI nou a i ʻole kāu keiki, kōkua kēia ʻano scan i nā neurosurgeons e hoʻolālā i kā lākou hana me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi he nui. No laila, inā e loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia hoʻāʻo, mai makaʻu a e hahai i nā kuhikuhi a ke kauka.

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