He nui ka poʻe o kākou e makaʻu nei i ka lohe ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo 'Breast Cancer ', ʻeā? Akā, ua ʻike anei ʻoe ʻaʻole kēia he hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano maʻi, aia nā ʻano like ʻole? ʻO ka ʻike pono ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa āu e loaʻa nei he mea nui loa ia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka lāʻau āu e loaʻa ai. No laila, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me ka maʻalahi a me ke aloha i kēia lā. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau mea he ikaika nui ia nou.
Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke kanesa e like me kahi e hoʻomaka ai
ʻO kahi ala e wehewehe ai nā kauka i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, ʻo ia ma kahi o ke kino i hoʻomaka ai a inā paha ua laha.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai umauma he ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo carcinoma. ʻO ke ʻano kēia e hoʻomaka lākou i loko o nā ʻiʻo e uhi ana i loko o ka umauma a me nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea e hāʻule i loko o ke ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo adenocarcinoma. ʻO kēia nā maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā ducts lawe waiū a i ʻole nā gland hana waiū (lobules) o ka umauma.
ʻO ke kanesa ductal
ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma . Loaʻa iā ia ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui.
1. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): ʻO kēia ke kahua mua loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo 'In Situ' ʻo ia hoʻi "kahi i loaʻa ai." ʻO ke ʻano kēia, aia wale nō nā hunaola kanesa i loko o nā ʻaʻa waiū. ʻAʻole lākou i pālahalaha ma waho. ʻO kēia ʻano no kahi o 1 i loko o 5 mau maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i ʻike hou ʻia. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻaneʻane hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia kēia ʻano.
2. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma . He 80% ia o nā maʻi ʻaʻai umauma āpau i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano o 'Invasive' ʻo ia hoʻi "aggressive." ʻO ia hoʻi, ua pālahalaha nā hunaola kanesa ma waho o nā ducts waiū a i loko o nā ʻiʻo a puni. Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o kēia ʻano IDC. ʻOiai he paʻakikī iki lākou, e nānā maʻalahi kākou iā lākou.
| ʻAno liʻiliʻi IDC | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ke kanesa Medullary | Loaʻa kona inoa no ka mea ua like ia me nā ʻiʻo palupalu i loko o ka lolo. He mea kākaʻikahi loa ia (ʻaʻole i hiki i ka 5%). |
| ʻO ke kanesa mucinous | He nui ka mea like me ka mucus (mucin) a puni nā hunaola kanesa. He mea kākaʻikahi nō hoʻi kēia (ʻaʻole i hiki i ka 2%). |
| ʻO ke kanesa tubular | He ʻano paipu ko loko o nā hunaola kanesa. Ulu pinepine kēia mau mea i loko o nā puʻupuʻu a pane maikaʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. |
| ʻO ke kanesa papillary | Aia nā puʻupuʻu e like me nā manamana lima (papules) o nā hunaola kanesa. He mea maʻamau ia i nā wāhine ʻelemakule. |
| ʻO ke kanesa Cribriform | Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano puʻu ma waena o nā hunaola o kēia maʻi ʻaʻai laha ʻole. |
ʻO ke kanesa lobular
I kēia ʻano, ulu nā pūnaewele ʻano ʻē i loko o ka uhi o nā kelepa hana waiū (lobules) o ka umauma.
- ʻO Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): ʻO kēia ka lua o ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Hoʻomaka kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka umauma a laha i nā ʻiʻo a puni. A laila hiki ke laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me nā lymph nodes.
- ʻO Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS): Mai hopohopo i kēia inoa. ʻAʻole manaʻo maoli nā kauka he maʻi kanesa ka LCIS no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e pālahalaha ma waho o ka umauma. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o LCIS ʻo ia hoʻi he kiʻekiʻe iki kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa o ka umauma i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻO nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ʻē aʻe kakaikahi
ʻAʻole kēia mau mea i loaʻa pinepine ʻole, akā he mea kūpono ke ʻike.
- ʻO ke kanesa umauma mumū: He ʻano kakaikahi loa kēia (ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 5%) a he ʻano koʻikoʻi. He ʻokoʻa kona mau hōʻailona mai nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopaʻa nā hunaola kanesa i nā kīʻaha lymphatic i loko o ka umauma. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka pehu ʻana o ka umauma, lilo i ʻulaʻula, a me ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili . I kekahi manawa hiki i ka ʻili o ka umauma ke lilo i ʻano ʻili ʻalani . Hiki i kēia ʻano ke laha koke.
- ʻO ka puʻupuʻu Phyllodes: He mau puʻupuʻu kakaikahi kēia e hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻiʻo pili o ka umauma. Hoʻokahi wale nō i loko o ka 4 o lākou e lilo i maʻi kanesa. ʻO ke koena he mau puʻupuʻu maikaʻi ʻole.
- Angiosarcoma: Hoʻomaka kēia maʻi kanesa i loko o ka uhi o nā kīʻaha koko a me nā kīʻaha lymph. ʻO ia ka mea maʻamau i nā poʻe ma luna o 70 mau makahiki.
- ʻO ka maʻi o Paget : He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia. He maʻi ʻaʻai ia e ulu ana ma ka nipple a me ka ʻāpana a puni (areola). Hiki i ka ʻili o ka nipple ke lilo i unahi, ʻulaʻula, a me ka maneʻo . He nui ka poʻe me ka maʻi o Paget i loaʻa i kahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai i kapa ʻia ʻo DCIS a i ʻole IDC.
- Ka Maʻi ʻAʻai Umauma Metastatic: ʻO ke ʻano o ka 'Metastatic' ua pālahalaha ke kanesa ma waho o ka umauma i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Ua kapa pū nā kauka i kēia he "holomua" a i ʻole "pae 4." ʻO ka hapa nui, laha ia i ke akepaʻa, ka lolo, nā iwi, a i ʻole nā māmā.
ʻO ka mea nui, ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e ho'ōla ai me ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama kūpono.
Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke kanesa e nā genes a me nā hormones
Ma hope o kou ʻike ʻia ʻana he maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, e hana kāu kauka i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua kūikawā ma nā hunaola kanesa e ʻike ai inā ʻo nā hormones estrogen a i ʻole progesterone , a inā he mau genes kikoʻī, e hoʻopilikia nei i ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa.
Mai kēia mau hoʻokolohua e koho ai ke kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa nāu.
- HER2-maikaʻi: Ma kahi o 1 i loko o 5 mau maʻi ʻaʻai umauma e loaʻa ana kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo `HER2` (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2). Kōkua kēia protein i nā hunaola kanesa e ulu. Hiki i nā maʻi kanesa HER2-maikaʻi ke ʻoi aku ka ikaika. Akā, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kuhikuhi ana i kēia protein, e maʻalahi ai ka mālama ʻana.
- ʻO ka mea hoʻokipa hormone-maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha: Loaʻa i kekahi mau hunaola kanesa nā wahi kūikawā (nā mea hoʻokipa) ma ko lākou ʻili e hiki ai i nā hormones ke hoʻopili. E noʻonoʻo i ke kelepona e like me ka puka, a ua like kēia mau mea hoʻokipa me nā puka kī i loko.
- ER-maikaʻi: Loaʻa i nā pūnaewele kanesa nā mea loaʻa e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hormone estrogen.
- PR-maikaʻi: Loaʻa i nā hunaola kanesa nā mea loaʻa e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hormone progesterone.
- ʻO ke ʻano o ka hormone receptor-positive , aia kekahi a i ʻole nā mea ʻelua. Ma muli o ke kōkua ʻana o nā hormones i kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa e ulu, hiki ke mālama pono ʻia me nā lāʻau pale hormone (hormone therapy).
- ʻO ke ʻano o ka hormone receptor-negative ʻaʻohe o kēia mau mea loaʻa ʻelua.
- ʻEkolu-maikaʻi ʻole: ʻO kēia ʻano ke kumu o kahi 15% o nā hihia. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, loaʻa i kēia mau ʻāpana kanesa nā mea loaʻa estrogen (ETR)., ua nalowale nā mea loaʻa progesterone (PR) a me HER2. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau hormonal a i ʻole ka lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka HER2. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻolilo i ka lāʻau i mea paʻakikī iki, akā aia kekahi mau lāʻau ʻē aʻe i loaʻa, e like me ka chemotherapy.
Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa āu, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i kona hopena i kou kūlana o ka hoʻōla ʻana a me nā koho lapaʻau maikaʻi loa. Mai makaʻu e nīnau i nā nīnau a pau.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole he maʻi hoʻokahi ka maʻi kanesa o ka umauma, he nui nā ʻano like ʻole.
- ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa āu e loaʻa ai ma muli o kahi i hoʻomaka ai i loko o ka umauma (nā ʻauwai waiū/glands), inā ua pālahalaha, a inā ua hoʻopilikia ʻia e kekahi mau hormones (ER, PR) a i ʻole nā protein (HER2).
- ʻO kekahi mau ʻano, e like me DCIS, he kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o ka ho'ōla ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻano e like me ka Inflammatory Breast Cancer hiki ke ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
- ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ke kūlana hormonal a me ka genetic (receptor) o kou maʻi ʻaʻai he mea nui ia e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa a i kuhikuhi ʻia.
- Mai kānalua e kūkākūkā i kāu mau nīnau e pili ana i kāu hōʻailona, ʻano maʻi kanesa, a me ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau me kāu kauka. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana ka hapalua o ke kaua i lanakila ai.
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