Ke lohe ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo 'diabetes', manaʻo ʻoe i ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe, ʻeā? ʻO ia ka mea a ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ʻike ai. Akā i kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa loa, ʻaʻole maʻamau loa nona ka inoa like. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Diabetes Insipidus (DI). ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma kēia hihia, ʻaʻole ia he piʻi ʻana o ke kō koko, akā he pilikia me ka kaohi wai o ke kino.
He aha maoli ka Diabetes Insipidus (DI)?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ka hormone e hoʻouna ana i kahi leka i ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa, "E mālama i kekahi o ka wai e pono ai kou kino, mai hoʻokuʻu aku i waho me he mimi lā," ua emi iho paha i loko o ko kākou kino, a i ʻole ʻaʻole pane mai nā puʻupaʻa i kēlā hormone.
Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole hiki i nā puʻupaʻa ke mālama i ka wai i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka nui o ka wai i loko o ke kino me ka mimi. No laila, ua makewai nui ʻoe. Loaʻa i kēia maʻi kona inoa no ka mea ʻaʻohe ʻono ʻono o ka mimi e puka mai ana a ua like ia me ka wai. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai e kekahi poʻe he "diabetes wai".
He kūlana weliweli anei kēia?
ʻAʻole kēia he maʻi koʻikoʻi a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Inā inu ka pākeke i ka wai lawa, ʻaʻole paha e make. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli iki no nā keiki ʻōpio, ka poʻe ʻelemakule, a i ʻole ka poʻe me nā maʻi noʻonoʻo. No ka mea, ʻaʻole paha lākou e make wai pono a ʻaʻole paha e hiki ke noi i ka wai.
E noʻonoʻo, hoʻopuka ke kanaka olakino i kahi 1-2 lita o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā. Akā, hiki i kekahi me DI ke hoʻopuka i ka 3-20 lita o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā! Ua kapa ʻia kēia mimi nui ʻo "Polyuria". ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka nalowale ʻana o ke kino i kahi wai weliweli a maloʻo . ʻAʻole wale ia, akā, ua nalowale pū ke kaulike o nā "electrolytes", e like me "sodium" a me "potassium", he mea nui ia no ka hana ʻana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve.
ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻehā o ka Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
ʻEhā ʻano nui o kēia maʻi. He ʻokoʻa nā kumu, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā hopena lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia ʻano. Akā i ka hapanui o nā hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele maikaʻi i ke kūlana me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka.
1. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes Insipidus waena (Central Diabetes Insipidus)
ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻole lawa ka hana ʻana o ke kino i ka hormone "vasopressin", ka mea e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike wai i loko o ko mākou kino.
ʻO ka ʻeha poʻo paha ke kumu nui o kēia.. Ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻāpana o ka lolo e hana ai i ka hormone `vasopressin`, a i ʻole i ka pituitary gland e mālama ai. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā mea e like me nā maʻi, ke ʻoki kino, a me nā puʻupuʻu lolo. I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā pēpē ʻōpio ke hānau ʻia me kēia maʻi ma muli o nā kumu genetic.
Hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka Mild DI i kekahi manawa me ka ʻai haʻahaʻa-sodium. Eia nō naʻe, pono ka nui o ka poʻe e lawe i kahi hormone synthetic i kapa ʻia ʻo desmopressin. Hiki ke lawe ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he pila, ihu pīpī, a i ʻole injection.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke lawe i ka nui like a kāu kauka e ʻōlelo ai iā ʻoe e lawe a e kāohi i ka nui o ka wai āu e inu ai. ʻO ka inu ʻana i ka wai nui loa hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha poʻo, ka poniuniu, a me ka emi weliweli o nā pae sodium i loko o ke kino.
2. DI pili i ka puʻupaʻa (Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus)
ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻoiai ke hana pono nei ka lolo i ka hormone `vasopressin`, ʻaʻole hiki i nā puʻupaʻa ke 'lohe' i kēlā leka. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pane mai nā puʻupaʻa iā ia. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mai ka hānau ʻana mai, a i ʻole hiki ke ulu ma hope.
ʻO nā mea e hiki ai ke kumu i kēia:
- Maʻi puʻupaʻa no ka wā lōʻihi.
- Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi laʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka lithium, foscarnet, a me clozapine.
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka calcium i loko o ke koko (hypercalcemia).
- Ua emi ka nui o ka potassium i loko o ke koko (hypokalemia).
- Ka ālai ʻana o ke ala mimi.
Inā mālama ʻia ke kumu nui o kēia ʻano, hiki i kekahi manawa ke ho'ōla loa i kēia ʻano DI.
3. DI (Dipsogenic Diabetes Insipidus) i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka makewai nui
Hana ʻia kēia e kahi hana hewa i loko o ka hypothalamus, ke kikowaena makewai i loko o ka lolo, e hoʻoulu ai i ka makemake e inu wai me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomalu ʻia. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e kekahi mau maʻi olakino noʻonoʻo. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono no kēia. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā mea e like me nā pahu hau a me nā holoi waha ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka waha maloʻo. ʻO kahi pilikia weliweli ma aneʻi, ʻo ka inu nui ʻana i ka wai hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ʻona wai .
4. ʻO ka Gestational Diabetes Insipidus (DI) e kū mai ana i ka wā hāpai
Hiki i nā wahine he nui ke loaʻa i kēia maʻi i nā mahina 3 hope o ka hāpai ʻana. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e nā loli hormonal a i ʻole kahi enzyme i loko o ka placenta e wāwahi ana i ka hormone vasopressin. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe e hāpai ana i nā māhoe. Eia nō naʻe, he maʻi maʻamau ia a nalo loa i loko o kekahi mau pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ke pēpē.
Ka hoʻokele DI a me nā hiʻohiʻona e makaʻala ai
ʻO nā mea ʻelua a mākou e hopohopo nui ai i kekahi ʻano DI, ʻo ia ka dehydration a me ka electrolyte imbalance . Pono ʻoe e makaʻala mau i nā hōʻailona o kēia mau mea.
| Hiʻohiʻona ʻōlelo aʻo | He aha ke ʻano o kēia? |
|---|---|
| Makewai nui | ʻO ka hōʻailona ikaika loa e pono ai ke kino i ka wai hou aʻe. |
| Waha maloʻo, lehelehe, a me ka ʻili | He hōʻailona e emi ana ka nui o ka wai o ke kino. |
| Luhi a poniuniu paha | Hiki ke hana ʻia e ke koko haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka lawa ʻole o ke koko e hiki ana i ka lolo. |
| ʻO ka mimi pinepine ʻana i ka pō | ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi DI. |
| ʻO ka mimi ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka mimi | He hōʻailona paha kēia o ka maloʻo nui a pono ʻoe e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. |
| Puʻuwai wikiwiki a ʻano ʻole paha | Hiki ke hana ʻia e ka nele o nā electrolytes i loko o ke kino. |
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i kāu kauka ʻohana. Me kēia maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola maʻamau a olakino me ka mālama kūpono a me ke alakaʻi lapaʻau.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole ʻo Diabetes Insipidus (DI) ka maʻi diabetes a kākou a pau i ʻike ai. He pilikia ia e pili ana i ke kaulike wai o ke kino.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka make wai nui a me ka mimi nui.
- ʻAʻole pilikia kēia ʻano maʻamau a hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia me ka mālama lapaʻau kūpono.
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe he mau hōʻailona kēia, mai kuhi hewa, akā e ʻike pono i ke kauka.
- He mea nui loa e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka a e inu i ka wai e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana.
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