Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa ua kaumaha, kaumaha, a nele? Loaʻa iā kākou āpau kēlā mau lā i ko kākou ola. Akā inā hoʻomau kēia mau manaʻo, inā e kāohi lākou iā ʻoe a hiki i kahi hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hana i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā, hiki ke lilo i kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kaumaha. ʻO ka ʻāpana maikaʻi loa, he kūlana hiki ke mālama ʻia. Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe a me kāu kauka e mālama pū iā ia, hiki i nā antidepressants ke kōkua nui.
He aha kēia mau mea antidepressants?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mau lāʻau lapaʻau kēia e kōkua i ke kaulike ʻana i ka hana o kekahi mau kemika (neurotransmitters) i loko o ko kākou lolo a hoʻomaikaʻi i ko kākou ʻano. Akā, hoʻokahi mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻaʻole e hua koke mai kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i nā hopena. Hiki ke hala kekahi mau pule e ʻike i nā hopena piha. No laila, he mea nui loa ke ahonui.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no ke kaumaha ʻaʻole wale ka lāʻau lapaʻau, akā he hui pū ʻana o ke aʻoaʻo a i ʻole ka kamaʻilio ʻana a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona (e like me ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau). Pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā i kēia mau mea a pau me kāu kauka.
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻohe hopena hoʻokahi e kūpono i nā mea āpau. ʻO ka mea e pono ai no kekahi kanaka, ʻaʻole paha e like me kekahi. Hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka hopena kūpono nou. He mea maʻamau kēlā.
I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau nui a nā kauka e ʻōlelo pinepine ai.
1. ʻAno lāʻau lapaʻau SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
ʻO kēia ka papa lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia no ke kaumaha ma ka honua i kēia lā. ʻO ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua e hoʻomaka ai.
Pehea e hana ai kēia mau mea?
E noʻonoʻo he ʻelele kemika ko ko kākou lolo i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Serotonin'. ʻO kēia ka mea e kaohi i nā mea he nui e like me ko kākou hauʻoli, ke ʻano, a me ka hiamoe. Ke kaumaha kākou, hiki ke emi kēia pae serotonin. Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau SSRI ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka reabsorption o ka serotonin i loko o ka lolo. A laila, piʻi ka nui o ka serotonin i loaʻa i loko o ka lolo, a hoʻomaikaʻi mālie ko kākou ʻano.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao hiki ke loaʻa
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, he kakaikahi nā hopena ʻaoʻao o SSRI, akā hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike:
- Ka paʻakikī e hiamoe ana
- ʻEha poʻo
- Nā loli kaumaha (loaʻa a pohō paha)
- Ka piʻi iki ʻana o ka hopohopo i ka wā mua
- Pōʻino
- Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
- Waha maloʻo
- Nā loli i ka hana moekolohe
E nalo aku ka hapa nui o kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao i ka wā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai kou kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Akā inā hoʻomau lākou, e hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka.
Nā mea pono ʻole e lawe pū ʻia me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau
Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kahi SSRI, he mea nui loa ia e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei. ʻOi aku ka nui, ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai i nā pae serotonin (e.g. nā antidepressants ʻē aʻe, kekahi mau mea hoʻomaha ʻeha) hiki ke hana i kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo serotonin syndrome . No laila, mai lawe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe iho.
2. ʻAno lāʻau lapaʻau SNRI (Serotonin a me Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
Ua like loa kēia me nā SSRI, akā aia kahi ʻokoʻa iki.
Pehea e hana ai kēia mau mea?
ʻAʻole wale nā SNRI e hoʻonui i nā pae serotonin, akā ʻo kekahi ʻelele kemika ʻē aʻe i loko o ka lolo i kapa ʻia ʻo norepinephrine. Hoʻopilikia pū ʻo Norepinephrine i nā mea e like me ko mākou nānā a me ka makaʻala. No kekahi poʻe, inā ʻaʻole lawa nā SSRI wale nō, hiki i kā lākou kauka ke hoʻololi iā lākou i kahi SNRI.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao hiki ke loaʻa
Ma waho aʻe o nā hopena like e like me SSRIs (e like me ka nausea, ka waha maloʻo, ka dizziness), hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea:
- Ke hou nei
- Luhi
- Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū
- Makemake nui
- Hiki i kekahi mau SNRI ke hoʻonui iki i ke koko.
3. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻano TCA (Tricyclic Antidepressants)
He papa lāʻau kahiko kēia i hoʻolauna mua ʻia no ke kaumaha. ʻAʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou i kēia manawa no ka mea he nui aku ko lākou mau hopena ʻaoʻao ma mua o SSRIs a me SNRIs. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kōkua paha lākou no kekahi poʻe i pane ʻole i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau TCA, hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka waha maloʻo, ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻike maka blurred, a me ka orthostatic hypotension (ke koko haʻahaʻa ke kū i luna) a me ka dizziness.
4. ʻAno lāʻau lapaʻau MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
ʻO kēia ka papa kahiko loa o nā antidepressants i loaʻa. ʻOiai hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea maikaʻi loa, aia kekahi mau lula paʻa loa e pili ana i ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu i ka wā e lawe ai i kēia mau lāʻau. No laila hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou inā ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe e hana.
Nā meaʻai ʻaʻole e ʻai ʻia i ka wā e lawe ana i nā MAOI
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻole ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa kahi kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Tyramine' i ka wā e lawe ana i ka lāʻau MAOI. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ke koko. No laila, pono e pale aku ke kanaka e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau i kēia mau meaʻai.
| ʻAno meaʻai | Nā Laʻana |
|---|---|
| Nā tīhi i mālama ʻia, hoʻoulu ʻia | Kīhi e like me Parmesan |
| ʻIʻo a me ka iʻa i mālama ʻia, puhi ʻia | Nā sausage, salami, hāma, iʻa puhi ʻia |
| Nā meaʻai i hoʻoulu ʻia | Nā pīkī, ka mea ʻono soya, ka tofu |
| ʻO kekahi mau huaʻai a me nā mea kanu | Nā maiʻa pala loa, nā ʻavokado, a me nā hua waina maloʻo |
| ʻAila | ʻOi loa aku ka pia a me ka waina ʻulaʻula |
ʻAʻole i piha kēia papa inoa. Inā ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i kahi MAOI, e wehewehe kāu kauka i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku.
Nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e pono ai ka nānā kūikawā
I ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antidepressants, me nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau, he mea nui e ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau kūlana kakaikahi akā weliweli loa e hiki ke hana.
| Kūlana | He aha e hana ai |
|---|---|
| Nā manaʻo pepehi kanaka Hiki ke hiki mai kēia mau manaʻo, ʻoiai hoʻi i nā poʻe ʻōpio ma lalo o 25 mau makahiki, i nā pule mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. | E haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka a i ʻole e hele i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa. Mai hoʻopaneʻe i kēia. |
| ʻO ka maʻi Serotonin Nā pae kiʻekiʻe loa o ka serotonin i loko o ke kino. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ka hou nui, ka puʻuwai wikiwiki, ka huikau, a me ka haʻalulu. | He pilikia olakino kēia. E hele koke i ka ETU. |
| ʻO ka maʻi hoʻōki He kūlana e kū mai ana inā ʻoe e hoʻōki koke i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a ke kauka. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ke kuni, ka nausea, ka poniuniu, a me ka hiamoe ʻole. | Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe iho. Pono ʻoe e hōʻemi mālie i ka nui e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka. |
| Overdose ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kuhihewa a i ʻole me ka manaʻo ʻia. | He pilikia hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola. E lawe koke i ka mea maʻi i ka haukapila ETU. Inā pono, e kelepona i ke Kikowaena ʻIke ʻAihue Lahui ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo no ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. |
Pehea ʻoe e koho ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono nou?
He hoʻoholo kēia na ʻoe a me kāu kauka e hana pū ai. E noʻonoʻo kāu kauka i nā mea aʻe i ke koho ʻana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau nāu:
- ʻO ke ʻano o kou mau hōʻailona.
- Nā hopena ʻaoʻao hiki ke loaʻa.
- Nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe āu e loaʻa ai (e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi diabetes).
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei.
- Inā ʻoe e hāpai ana a hānai waiū paha.
- Ke kumukūʻai o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
No ʻoe iho, he mea nui loa ke kamaʻilio pololei me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao āu e ʻike nei a inā paha e ʻike ana ʻoe i kahi hōʻoluʻolu mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau. A laila hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o ka lāʻau a i ʻole e hoʻololi ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe inā pono.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole ke kaumaha he mea e hilahila ai a he nāwaliwali paha. He kūlana ia e hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- He lōʻihi paha ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka lāʻau kūpono nou. Pono ke ahonui. E hoʻomau i ka launa pū me kāu kauka.
- Mai manaʻo koke i nā hopena ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau. Hiki ke hala kekahi mau pule e manaʻo ai ua hoʻōla piha ʻia.
- Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻololi paha i ka dosage, no kekahi kumu, me ka ʻole o ka nīnau ʻana i kāu kauka.
- Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ke aʻo ʻana a me kahi nohona olakino (hoʻoikaika kino, ʻai maikaʻi), hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i kahi hoʻōla wikiwiki a mau loa.
- Inā he mau manaʻo kou e pepehi iā ʻoe iho, mai hūnā iā lākou iā ʻoe iho. E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. ʻAʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi.
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