Manaʻo mākou ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻololi i nā mea a mākou i hoʻoilina ai mai ko mākou mau mākua mai, ʻeā? ʻAʻole wale ke kala o nā maka, ke ʻano o ka lauoho, ke kala o ka ʻili, ke kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻo ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi... Ua ʻike mākou ua hele mai kēia mau mea a pau mai ko mākou mau genes. No laila, manaʻo mākou ua like kēia mau genes me kahi mea i kālai ʻia i loko o ka pōhaku, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, a ma waho o ko mākou mana. Akā... e kahaha anei ʻoe inā haʻi ʻia mai iā mākou hiki iā mākou ke hoʻololi i ke "ʻano" o kēia mau genes "hana" ma o ko mākou nohona, ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai, a me nā mea a mākou e hana ai? ʻO Epigenetics ke kahua ʻepekema hou loa a kupaianaha loa e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Epigenetics?
He ʻano ʻepekema paha kēia, akā he maʻalahi loa ke kumumanaʻo. E wehewehe kākou i ka huaʻōlelo ʻo 'Epigenetics'. ʻO 'Epi' ka ʻōlelo Helene no "luna, a puni, ma waho." ʻO 'Genetics' ka ʻepekema o nā genes. A ʻo 'Epigenetics' e pili ana i ka kaohi e kū nei "ma luna o nā genes."
E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano. Ua like kou mau genes me nā kukui uila i loko o kou hale. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o kēlā mau kukui a i ʻole ko lākou wahi. He mea ia āu e hoʻoilina ai. Akā, aia iā ʻoe ke kuapo e hoʻoholo ai inā paha e ʻā a pio paha kēlā kukui. Malia paha he kuapo dimmer ko kēlā kukui e hoʻā a pio ai.
Pēlā nō, ʻo `Epigenetics` he moʻolelo e pili ana i kahi ʻōnaehana o nā "hoʻololi kemika" e kaohi ana inā hoʻāla ʻia nā genes i loko o ko mākou kino (hoʻā/pio), a i ʻole inā ua hoʻemi ʻia kā lākou hana (hoʻomālamalama ʻia), me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kukui i kapa ʻia ʻo genes.
Hoʻopilikia ʻia kēia mau hoʻololi kemika e nā mea he nui, me ko mākou nohona, ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai, ke kaiapuni a mākou e noho nei, a me ke kaumaha a mākou e ʻike nei. I kekahi manawa he maikaʻi kēia mau loli no ko mākou kino, e pale ana iā mākou mai nā maʻi. I kekahi manawa, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i ko mākou olakino.
E hoʻomanaʻo iki kākou iā kākou iho e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā genes a me ka DNA?
No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia, e nānā mua kākou i nā genes a me ka DNA.
E noʻonoʻo i kāu moʻo DNA holoʻokoʻa e like me kahi puke kuhikuhi nui . Aia i loko o kēia puke nui nā kuhikuhi a pau e pono ai kēlā me kēia cell i loko o kou kino e hana pono i kāna hana. Aʻo nā cell i ka mea e hana ai a pehea e hana ai ma ka "heluhelu" ʻana i kēia puke "DNA".
He mau triliona o nā pūnaewele i loko o ko kākou kino. Nā pūnaewele ʻili, nā pūnaewele puʻuwai, nā pūnaewele lolo, a pēlā aku. Aia i loko o kēlā me kēia o kēia mau pūnaewele kahi kope o ka puke kuhikuhi "DNA" holoʻokoʻa.
Akā, ʻaʻole nā kelepona āpau e heluhelu i kēia puke holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole pono. E noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole pono kahi kelepona ʻili i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo mai kahi kelepona puʻuwai e pili ana i ka hana. E like me ka keke ʻaʻole pono kahi meaʻai no ka sambol.
ʻO nā genes nā meaʻai pākahi i loko o kēlā puke meaʻai nui.No ka mea. Ua like ka gene me kahi mokuna i loko o kahi puke e kuhikuhi ana iā ʻoe e hana i kahi hana kikoʻī. No laila, heluhelu wale kahi ʻili i nā kuhikuhi (genes) no ka ʻili. Heluhelu wale kahi ʻili puʻuwai i nā kuhikuhi no ka puʻuwai.
ʻO ka hana a 'Epigenetics', ʻo ia ke hoʻoholo i ka meaʻai e pono ai kēlā me kēia cell e heluhelu a ʻo ka mea pono ʻole. Ua like ia me ke kau ʻana i kahi sticker ma kekahi mau ʻaoʻao o kahi puke meaʻai e ʻōlelo ana "E hoʻohana i kēia i kēia manawa" a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e ʻōlelo ana "Mai nānā i kēia i kēia manawa."
He aha ka mea e hoʻopilikia ai i kā mākou Epigenome?
ʻO ka 'epigenome' ka ʻōnaehana i hana ʻia me kā mākou mau genes a me nā 'chemical switches' e kāohi ana i ka hana ʻana o kēlā mau genes. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole paʻa kēia 'epigenome'. Hoʻololi ia i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, me nā mea e hana nei i ko mākou ola.
Hoʻomaka nā kumu e hoʻohuli i kēia mau loli ma mua o ko kākou hānau ʻia ʻana. E nānā i ko lākou ʻano ma ka papa ma lalo.
| Mea hoʻohuli mana | Ka wehewehe maʻalahi a me nā laʻana |
|---|---|
| Ke kūlana o ka makuahine i ka wā hāpai | Hiki i nā mea e like me ka ʻai a ka makuahine, kona olakino noʻonoʻo, a me ke kaumaha āna e kū nei ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana hoʻoilina o ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū. |
| ʻO ka meaʻai a me nā ʻike o ka wā kamaliʻi | ʻO ka meaʻai, ke aloha makua, ka palekana, a me nā manawa kūpono e aʻo ai i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka wā kamaliʻi e hana i nā māka epigenetic e hoʻopilikia i ke olakino o ke keiki i ka wā e hiki mai ana. |
| ʻAi | ʻO nā meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai i ko mākou wā makua, ʻoiai nā meaʻai i hana ʻia, nā mea inu kō, a me nā meaʻai momona, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ko lākou, ʻoiai nā meaʻai momona e like me nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, a me nā legumes he hopena maikaʻi ko lākou. |
| Hoʻoikaika kino | Hiki i ka hana kino ke hoʻoulu i nā genes e hoʻolaha ana i ke olakino a hoʻopau i nā genes maikaʻi ʻole. |
| Nā mea ʻawahia a me nā kemika o ke kaiapuni | ʻO ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ka ʻōpala o ke kaʻa, ka uahi cigarette, nā kemika e like me (BPA) i loko o nā plastics, nā agrochemicals, a me nā metala kaumaha e like me ke kēpau hiki ke hoʻohui i nā māka ʻino i nā genes. |
| Ke kaumaha | Hiki i ke kaumaha nui a lōʻihi ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana genetic o ko mākou kino a alakaʻi i nā maʻi he nui. |
| ʻO ka waiʻona a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau | ʻO ka waiʻona, ka paka, a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hōʻino pololei i kā mākou epigenome. |
He aha nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka epigenetics?
Ke noiʻi nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia, akā ʻo ka mea i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka pili ʻana o nā loli epigenetic i kekahi mau maʻi.
- Kanesa: E noʻonoʻo, aia kahi gene i loko o ko mākou kino e kāohi ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa. Akā he aha ka mea e hana ai inā 'pani ʻia' kēia gene, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hāmau ʻia, ma muli o kahi nohona maikaʻi ʻole? Hāʻawi ʻia nā hunaola kanesa i ka manawa kūpono e ulu me ka ʻole o ke kaohi.
- Nā maʻi lolo: Aia nā hōʻike e pili ana nā loli epigenetic me nā maʻi e pili ana i ka makahiki e like me ka maʻi Parkinson a me ka maʻi Alzheimer, a me kekahi mau maʻi noʻonoʻo a me nā kīnā noʻonoʻo.
- Ka Metabolism: Hoʻopili ʻia nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi diabetes a me ka momona e ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kā mākou mau genes. Hiki i kā mākou meaʻai ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kēia mau genes.
- Ka ʻelemakule: Hoʻopilikia kēia mau māka 'epigenetic' i ke kaʻina hana ʻelemakule a me nā maʻi pili.
- Nā maʻi ʻōnaehana pale: Pili pū kēia i nā maʻi 'autoimmune' e like me ka hānō a me ka arthritis, ʻo ia hoʻi nā maʻi kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino i kāna mau huna ponoʻī.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia, ke manaʻolana nei nā kānaka ʻepekema e loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i kēia 'epigenome'.
No laila hiki iā mākou ke hoʻololi i kā mākou epigenome no ka maikaʻi?
ʻAe, hiki nō!ʻO ia ka nūhou maikaʻi. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā kākou ke hoʻololi i nā genes a kākou e hoʻoilina ai, hiki iā kākou ke hoʻohuli maikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kēlā mau genes. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ala hoʻokahi a paʻa e hana ai i kēia, manaʻoʻiʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema hiki iā kākou ke hana i nā loli 'epigenetic' maikaʻi ma ka hana ʻana i kēia mau mea:
Nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana nou iho
- ʻAi i nā meaʻai momona: E hoʻokomo i nā meaʻai i kuke ʻia ma ka home e like me ka hiki, e like me nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, nā greens, nā palaoa piha, a me ka iʻa. E hōʻemi i nā meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, nā meaʻai i hana ʻia, a me nā meaʻai momona me ke kō kiʻekiʻe.
- E hoʻokomo i ka hoʻoikaika kino i kāu hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā: E hana i kekahi mea e like me ka hele wāwae, ka holo ʻana, a i ʻole ke kaʻa paikikala no ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau minuke i ka lā. Eia nō naʻe, inā he mea hou ʻoe i ka hoʻoikaika kino, he mea nui e kamaʻilio mua me kāu kauka e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoikaika kino kūpono iā ʻoe.
- E hōʻemi i ka waiʻona a pale loa i ka puhipaka: ʻO kēia nā mea e hōʻino pololei i kā mākou 'DNA' a me ka 'epigenome'.
- E hoʻokele i ke kaumaha: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ke kaumaha ma ka hana ʻana i nā mea e like me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, yoga, hoʻolohe i ke mele maikaʻi, ke komo ʻana i kahi hana leʻaleʻa āu e makemake ai, a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana i nā mea me kahi hoaaloha hilinaʻi.
Inā he makua ʻoe, eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana no kāu keiki:
ʻO kā mākou 'epigenome' ka mea e loli nui loa i nā makahiki mua o ke ola, no laila he mea nui i nā mākua ke makaʻala i kēia.
- E hāʻawi i ka meaʻai kūpono i kāu keiki: E kūkākūkā me kāu pediatrician e pili ana i kēia.
- Hāʻawi i kāu keiki i nā manawa kūpono e aʻo a pāʻani ai: E kamaʻilio me kāu keiki, heluhelu i nā puke, e aʻo i nā huaʻōlelo hou, a e hāʻawi i nā mea pāʻani e hoʻomohala ana i ka lolo.
- E hana i kahi ʻano aloha a palekana: E hana i kahi ʻano ma ka home kahi e palekana ai ke keiki, aloha ʻia, a mālama ʻia.
- Inā ʻoe e kū nei i nā pilikia e like me ka palekana ʻole o ka meaʻai, nā pilikia hale, a i ʻole ka hana ʻino i ka home, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻimi i ke kōkua mai ke kauka a i ʻole kekahi luna kūpono . Na lākou e alakaʻi iā ʻoe e loaʻa ke kākoʻo āu a me kāu mau keiki e pono ai.
Ke lohe kākou i ke kumumanaʻo o 'Epigenetics', hiki iā kākou ke manaʻo i kahi manaʻo o ke kahaha, ka manaʻolana, a me kahi makaʻu iki ma kekahi ʻaoʻao. Ke noʻonoʻo kākou i nā mea e hana nei i loko o ko kākou kino, aia nā manawa e manaʻo ai kākou ua like kēlā mau mea me he mea lā ʻaʻole hiki iā kākou ke kaohi. Akā, ke aʻo mai nei ʻo 'Epigenetics' iā kākou ʻoiai he mau mea ma waho o ko kākou kaohi, loaʻa iā kākou kekahi mana e hoʻoholo ai e pili ana i ko kākou olakino a hana i nā hoʻololi maikaʻi.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i nā genes āu e hoʻoilina ai mai kou mau mākua mai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi pehea e hoʻā ai/pio ai kēlā mau genes.
- ʻO nā mea e like me kāu ʻai, hoʻoikaika kino, ke kaumaha, a me ke kaiapuni āu e noho nei e hoʻopilikia pololei i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kāu mau genes. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he epigenetics.
- Hiki i kekahi o kēia mau loli ke pōmaikaʻi i kou olakino, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e alakaʻi i nā maʻi e like me ke kanesa a me ka maʻi diabetes.
- ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai momona, ka hoʻoikaika kino, ka pale ʻana i ka puhipaka a me ka waiʻona, a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i kāu mau genes.
- ʻO ka meaʻai a me ka mālama i loaʻa i nā keiki, ʻoiai i nā wā mua o ko lākou ola, he hopena lōʻihi ko lākou i ko lākou olakino i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
- Inā he mau nīnau hou aku kāu e pili ana i kēia, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ʻohana.
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