ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka lens crystalline

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e nānā pono ai ko kākou mau maka, e like me ke kāmela maikaʻi, i nā mea mamao a kokoke? He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa o ko kākou mau maka e kōkua ai i kēia hana kupaianaha. ʻO ia ka "lens". I kēia lā, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kēia lens liʻiliʻi, akā waiwai nui.

He aha ke aniani o ka maka? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou.

Ua like ke aniani o ka maka me ke aniani o ke kāmela. E noʻonoʻo e kiʻi ana ʻoe i kahi pua nani. Hōʻiliʻili ke aniani o ke kāmela i ka mālamalama mai ka pua mai, hoʻopili iā ia, a hoʻouna iā ia i ka sensor ma ke kua o ke kāmela. ʻO ia ka manawa e hana ʻia ai kahi kiʻi maopopo.

ʻO ke aniani o ko kākou maka e hana pololei i kēia. He ʻano ʻōniʻoniʻo loa ia, he ʻano piʻo i loko o ko kākou maka. ʻO ke kukui e komo ana i ka maka e hele ana ma o kēia aniani, e kālele ʻia ana i hoʻokahi kiko, a hāʻule ma ka ʻāpana e like me ka pale o ka maka i kapa ʻia ʻo ka retina. ʻO kēia retina ka mea ʻike kamera i loko o ko kākou maka. Mai laila mai, hele kēlā ʻikepili i ka lolo a ʻike mākou iā ia ma ke ʻano he kiʻi.

He aha ka mea e hana nei me kēia aniani liʻiliʻi?

ʻO ka hana nui o ka lens o ka maka, ʻo ia ke kālele ʻana . Akā, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kēia ma mua o kou manaʻo.

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e nānā ana i kahi mauna ma kahi mamao aku, a i kekona aʻe e heluhelu ana ʻoe i ka puke ma kou lima. I mea e ʻike pono ai ma nā mamao ʻelua, pono ke aniani o ka maka e hoʻololi i kona ʻano.

• Ke nānā aku i kahi mamao: lilo ke aniani i palahalaha iki.
• Ke nānā pono aku: Piʻi iki aʻe ka aniani a lilo i mea poepoe.

ʻO kēia hiki ke hoʻololi koke i ke ʻano ka mea e hiki ai iā mākou ke ʻike maopopo i nā mamao like ʻole. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka cornea, ka ʻāpana maopopo o ka maka ma ke alo o ka maka, e hana ana ma kahi o 70% o ka mana hoʻoikaika. Hana ka lens i ka hana hoʻoponopono maikaʻi o ke koena 30%.

Aia i hea ka aniani o ka maka?

Inā ʻoe e nānā i kou maka ponoʻī i loko o ke aniani, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka (ʻeleʻele/ʻeleʻele i ko mākou hihia). Kapa mākou ia he iris. ʻO ka ʻāpana poepoe ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi ma waenakonu ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka pupil. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kēia pupil ke komo ʻana e komo ai ka mālamalama i loko o ka maka.

Aia ka aniani o ko kākou maka ma hope pono o kēia cornea. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, komo mua ka mālamalama ma o ka cornea, a laila hāʻule ma luna o ka aniani, a mai laila aku, e kālele ʻia ana ma ka retina.

He aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai kēia aniani kupaianaha?

He mea kupaianaha maoli ka lens o ka maka. Hana ʻia ia me kahi ʻano protein kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo "Crystallins". ʻO ka lens o ka maka kahi i loaʻa ai ka nui o ka protein ma mua o nā ʻiʻo āpau i loko o ko kākou kino. Ma muli o kēia mau protein kūikawā i loaʻa ai i ka lens kona ʻano moakaka a me ka mana hoʻoikaika.

ʻO ka mea nui, i ka wā e oʻo ai nā pūnaewele i loko o kēia aniani, nalowale lākou i nā ʻāpana e like me ko lākou mau nuclei. ʻO ia ke kumu e lilo ai ka aniani i moakāka loa me ka ʻole o ke keʻakeʻa. Akā he hopena ʻaoʻao kēia. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe nucleus, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau pūnaewele ke māhele a ulu i nā mea hou. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua like nā pūnaewele aniani a mākou i loaʻa ai i ko mākou hānau ʻia ʻana i ko mākou ola a pau. Hōʻiliʻili nā pūnaewele hou ma waho, akā hoʻākoakoa nā pūnaewele kahiko i waenakonu. E like me nā apo o ke kumu lāʻau. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hoʻomaka nā pūnaewele kahiko loa ma waenakonu e nāwaliwali.

Nā pilikia me ka lens o ka maka i ko kākou wā ʻelemakule (cataracts a me ka hemahema o ka ʻike)

I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻoiai ma muli o ka lā a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ke kaiapuni, hoʻomaka nā hunaola protein kahiko i loko o ka lens o ko kākou maka e wāwahi a hōʻino. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka nalowale ʻana o nā hunaola i ko lākou ʻike maopopo, lilo i ao, a lilo i ao. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "Age-related Cataracts."

Eia kekahi, i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, nalowale ka palupalu o ka lens. ʻO ia hoʻi, nalowale kona hiki ke lilo i poepoe ke nānā kokoke aku. ʻO kēia ka wā e lilo ai nā mea kokoke i mea palalulu, ʻoiai ke heluhelu ʻana i kahi puke a nūpepa paha. Kāhea mākou i kēia kūlana ʻo `(Presbyopia)`.

Pehea ke ʻano o ka cataract i ka wā e hoʻokumu ʻia ai?

Ke ulu ka cataracts, me he mea lā ke nānā aku nei ke ao nei ma o ke aniani lepo. Me he mea lā he blurry a noe nā mea a pau. I ka wā mua, hiki i kēia ao ke hoʻomaka ma kahi liʻiliʻi, a i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki ke laha i ka lens holoʻokoʻa. I ka mea nānā ma waho, ʻike ʻia ka haumāna ʻeleʻele ma waenakonu o ka maka he hina hina-keʻokeʻo ma kahi o ka ʻeleʻele. (I kekahi manawa, ma muli o nā kumu genetic, hānau ʻia nā pēpē me nā cataracts, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā hōʻailona nui e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike iā lākou.)

ʻIke kokoke (Presbyopia)

I ka emi ʻana o ka palupalu o ke aniani, lilo ia i mea paʻakikī iā ʻoe ke kālele i nā mea kokoke iā ʻoe. Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i ka poʻe ʻelemakule i loko o ko mākou mau home e heluhelu ana i ka nūpepa me ko lākou mau lima i kīkoʻo ʻia a mamao loa. ʻO kēia ke kumu o kēia. A i ʻole, i ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi puke a i ʻole ke nānā ʻana i ke kelepona, hiki i kou mau maka ke luhi koke.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia mau kūlana?

I kēia manawa, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa no kēia mau pilikia ʻelua, no laila ʻaʻohe kumu e makaʻu ai.

Lapaʻau no ka ʻike kokoke (Presbyopia)

ʻOiai he kūlana maʻamau kēia e kū mai ana me ka makahiki, aia kekahi mau hoʻonā:

• Nā Aniani: ʻO ke kau ʻana i nā aniani me ka mana kūpono ke ʻano maʻalahi a maʻamau.
• Nā Aniani Hoʻokaʻaʻike: He koho maikaʻi kēia no ka poʻe makemake ʻole i nā aniani.
• Nā kulu maka: Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau hou ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike kokoke i kekahi ʻano no kekahi manawa.
• ʻO ke ʻoki hoʻoponopono ʻike: Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia kūlana ma o nā ʻano hana e like me ka mālama ʻana me ka laser.

E nānā kāu kauka i ke kūlana o kou mau maka a wehewehe iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe.

Lapaʻau no nā cataracts

ʻO ke ʻoki kino wale nō ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa no nā cataracts. ʻO kēia ka ʻoki kino maʻamau a palekana loa ma ka honua.

ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka wehe ʻana o kahi kauka lapaʻau i kāu lens kūlohelohe noe a hoʻololi iā ia me kahi lens hana (Intraocular Lens, a i ʻole IOL) . He lāʻau lapaʻau holomua loa kēia, a nui ka poʻe i loaʻa hou ka ʻike maopopo ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.

I kekahi manawa, ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o nā cataracts, hana ʻia kēia ʻano hana hoʻokomo lens artificial e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia ʻike kokoke/mamao. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he `(Refractive Lens Exchange)`.

Pehea lā e hiki ai iā kākou ke mālama i nā aniani o ko kākou mau maka?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻōki i ka ʻelemakule, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e pale aku i ka nāwaliwali koke ʻana o ka lens i loko o ko mākou mau maka a hoʻēmi i ka pōʻino.

• Ka pale ʻana i ka lā: He mea ʻino nā kukuna ultraviolet i ka lā ikaika i ka aniani o ka maka. No laila, e ʻaʻahu i nā aniani maka maikaʻi ke hele i waho i ka lā.
• Hōʻalo i ka puhipaka: ʻO ka puhipaka a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka uahi lua e hoʻonui nui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā cataracts.
• Kaohi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, he mea nui loa ia e kaohi pono iā ia, ʻoiai ʻo ka maʻi diabetes i kāohi ʻole ʻia he kumu nui ia o ka pilikia no nā cataracts.
• Nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau: ʻO ka nānā pinepine ʻana i kou mau maka e ke kauka, ʻoiai ma hope o 40 mau makahiki, hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike mua ʻana i nā pilikia a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

He ʻano kūikawā ka aniani o ko kākou maka e pono ai no ka ʻike maopopo. He mea maʻamau ke loli i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Eia nō naʻe, inā e ʻike kākou i ia mea a mālama pono i ko kākou mau maka, hiki iā kākou ke ʻike maopopo i ke ao nei i ko kākou ola a pau.