Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kēia mau mea e pili ana i kou mau maka?

ʻO ko mākou mau maka maka he mea a mākou e hoʻohana ai i kēlā me kēia lā, akā, mai noʻonoʻo nui i ia mea. E noʻonoʻo wale, ehia mau manawa āu e ʻā ai i ka lā? Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ka nui o ka lawelawe a kēia mau maka maka liʻiliʻi ʻelua e hāʻawi ai i ko mākou mau maka? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia mau maka maka, kā lākou hana, a me nā pilikia liʻiliʻi e hiki ke kū mai.

No ke aha he mea nui nā maka iā mākou?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like kou mau maka me kahi uhi pale kūlohelohe no kou mau maka. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, pale kēia mau maka i kou mau maka mai ka lepo, ka lepo, a me ka mālamalama makemake ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole wale kēlā, kōkua pū lākou i ka mālama ʻana i ka makū i loko o ka maka, e pale ana iā ia mai ka maloʻo ʻana, a mālama i ka ʻili o ka maka i lubricated, a i ʻole laumania .

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe ʻo ka ʻāpana wale nō o ko kākou ʻili ʻaʻohe papa o ka ʻaila ma lalo (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka momona subcutaneous ) ʻo ia nā lihilihi maka. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka ʻili lahilahi loa o ko kākou kino ma nā lihilihi maka. ʻO kekahi o nā hana nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ko kākou mau maka. No ka mea, hiki i nā germs i ka lewa ke komo maʻalahi i ka ʻili o ko kākou mau maka. No laila, hana nā lihilihi maka e like me ka paia e pale ai i kēlā mau germs mai ke komo ʻana.

ʻAʻole wale nā ​​maka maka he mea e kau ana ma luna o ka maka. Pono lākou e holo mālie ma luna o ka maka. Pono ko kākou mau maka i ka waimaka mai nā waimaka. ʻO kēia no ka mea kōkua nā waimaka i ka cornea , ka ʻāpana moakaka o ka maka ma mua o ka maka ʻeleʻele (ʻaʻohe ona kīʻaha koko), e omo i ka oxygen mai ka lewa.

Ma ke ʻano he laʻana maikaʻi, ua like nā maka maka me ka mea holoi makani ma ke kaʻa a i ʻole kahi pale hiki ke huki ʻia ma ka puka makani i loko o ka hale . E like me ka mea holoi, kōkua lākou e mālama i ka ʻili o ka maka i maʻemaʻe a palekana. E like me ka pale, hiki iā lākou ke pani i ka maka a kāohi i ka nui o ka mālamalama e komo mai ana.

He aha nā ʻāpana nui o ka lihilihi?

He nui nā ʻāpana o ko mākou mau maka maka. He hana ko kekahi, ʻo ia hoʻi he hana kikoʻī ko lākou. He mea hoʻonaninani kekahi, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kōkua nei lākou i kou helehelena.

ʻO kahi mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻoiai he "nani" ʻoe, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻole ia he mea nui. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe hauʻoli i kou helehelena, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i kou olakino noʻonoʻo a me ke kino. No laila, ʻaʻole he manaʻo lapuwale ka hopohopo e pili ana i kou helehelena. Hoʻopilikia maoli ia i kou manaʻo noʻonoʻo a me ke kino.

Conjunctiva (membrane o loko o ka lihilihi)

Ma loko o kou lihilihi maka, aia kahi membrane lahilahi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka conjunctiva . Pelu kēia a uhi i ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o kou maka ( ka sclera ). ʻO kēia membrane ka mea e ʻae ai i kou mau lihilihi maka e neʻe mālie. Hana pū ia ma ke ʻano he papa pale ma luna o kahi ʻāpana nui o ka ʻili mua o kou maka.

Nā maka maka

He ʻano lauoho kūikawā loa kou mau maka maka. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou ola ma mua o ka lauoho ma ke koena o kou kino, a ʻaʻole lākou e lilo i hina hina ma mua o ka lauoho ma kou poʻo. Ma ka awelika, aia ma kahi o 100 a 150 mau maka maka (ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lālani) ma ka lihilihi o luna, a ma kahi o 50 a 75 ma ka lihilihi o lalo.

ʻAʻole wale no ka nani nā maka maka. ʻO kā lākou mau hana:

• Hopu i ka lepo a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi: Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lepo a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e lana ana i ka lewa ma nā maka maka a pale ʻia mai ke komo ʻana i loko o nā maka.
• Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai: Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā mea o waho mai ke komo ʻana a mālama pū i ka wai a puni nā maka.
• Ke ʻike ʻana i ka pōʻino: He ʻano maʻalahi loa nā lihilihi maka i nā mea e pā ana iā lākou. E noʻonoʻo, ke hele ʻoe i ka pōʻeleʻele, e kīkoʻo aku ʻoe i kou lima e pale aku i ke kuʻi ʻana i nā paia a i ʻole nā ​​mea. Pēlā nō, inā pā kekahi mea i kou mau lihilihi maka, e pani kou mau maka ma ke ʻano he reflex pale.

Nā ʻōpū Meibomian

Aia i loko o nā lihilihi maka, ma hope o nā maka maka, he mau ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā kelepa hana ʻaila. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he mau kelepa meibomian . ʻO ka ʻaila a lākou e hana ai ua kapa ʻia ʻo meibum . Hoʻohui kēia ʻaila me nā waimaka e uhi a pale i ka ʻili o ka maka. Ke hui pū nā waimaka me meibum, hana maikaʻi lākou e hoʻowali a pale i ka maka.

Nā ʻūpā pili a me nā ligaments

Ma lalo o ka ʻili o nā lihilihi o luna a me lalo he mau ʻāpana i kapa ʻia he mau papa tarsal . ʻOiai nā "papa" ma ka inoa, ʻaʻole kēia he mau papa maoli. He mau olonā pili paʻa lākou.

E like me ke kaula elastic i loko o ke kāʻei o ka lole, kōkua kēia mau papa talus i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā maka maka i ka ʻili o ka maka. Huki nā ʻiʻo a me nā ʻiʻo pili ʻē aʻe a puni ka maka i kēia mau papa talus, kahi e hoʻoneʻe ai i nā maka maka i luna a i lalo.

Nā ʻiʻo

Aia kekahi mau ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe e pili ana a hoʻopuni ana i nā lihilihi maka. ʻO kēia nā mea e kōkua ai i ka huki ʻana i nā lihilihi maka i luna a i lalo. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi lākou e kāohi i nā ʻano helehelena, e like me ka wā e ʻūlū ai ko mākou mau maka me ka hoihoi a i ʻole e hoʻonui i ko mākou mau maka me ke kahaha.

Nā pelu a me nā ʻūmiʻi

Ke wehe a pani kākou i ko kākou mau maka, loaʻa i ko kākou mau lihilihi nā ʻūmiʻi kūlohelohe a me nā ʻūmiʻi e pale ai iā lākou mai ke kūlou ʻana. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha ʻūmiʻi, ma muli o kekahi mau kumu.

He aha nā ʻano like ʻole o nā maka?

Hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o kou mau maka e nā ʻano i loko o kou mau lihilihi a puni kou mau maka. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe hoʻokaʻawale kūhelu no nā ʻano maka, aia nā huaʻōlelo kikoʻī i hoʻohana ʻia e wehewehe i nā ʻano (a i ʻole ke ʻano o kēlā mau ʻano) e kōkua ana i ke ʻano o ka maka.

ʻO kekahi huaʻōlelo nui ʻo "palpebral fissure." ʻO kēia ka inoa loea no ka hakahaka kahi e kaʻawale ai kou mau lihilihi maka, e hana ana i kahi hakahaka ma waena o kou mau lihilihi maka o luna a me lalo. Hiki i kēia palpebral fissure ke nānā aku penei:

• ʻAno ʻalemona:He mea maʻamau kēia ʻano i waena o nā pēpē ʻōpio. Nalo pinepine ia i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻiʻo maka a me nā iwi.
• Lōʻihi: Pili kēia i nā maka i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mamao mai ke kihi o loko o ka maka a i ke kihi o waho. Inā he lōʻihi loa kēia (ʻokoʻa kēia lōʻihi ma muli o ka makahiki, ke kāne, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe), he hōʻailona paha ia o kekahi mau ʻano maʻi genetic kakaikahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana olakino.
• Pōkole: He mamao pōkole loa kēia mai ke kihi o loko o ka maka a i ke kihi o waho. ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi kēia mamao me ka makahiki. Hiki ke hana me kekahi mau hoʻololi genetic a me nā kūlana olakino, e like me ka blepharophimosis syndrome .
• I lalo a i luna paha: Pili kēia i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kihi o loko a me waho o nā maka. Inā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kihi o waho o kou mau maka ma kou alo ma mua o nā kihi o loko, ua kapa ʻia ia he "up-slanted palpebral fissure." Inā haʻahaʻa nā kihi o waho, ua kapa ʻia ia he "down-slanted palpebral fissure."

Nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopili i ke ʻano o ka maka:

• Nā maka Monolid: ʻO kēia ka wā e loaʻa ai i kou mau lihilihi hoʻokahi pelu ma kahi o ʻelua. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he pelu epicanthic a i ʻole pelu epicanthal . He mea maʻamau ia i waena o ka poʻe o ka hanauna Hikina ʻAsia o nā makahiki āpau. Hiki ke loaʻa i nā pēpē o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe, a nalowale mālie ia i ka ulu ʻana o ko lākou mau helehelena.
• Nā maka ʻūlū: Pili kēia i ka nui o ka ʻili o ka maka maka a i ʻole ka ʻili lae e kau ana ma luna o kou mau maka.

He aha nā maʻi a me nā kūlana maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i nā maka maka?

Nui nā ʻano maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā maka maka. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻano like ʻole, e like me nā maʻi e pili ana i nā aʻalolo a me nā ʻiʻo, nā maʻi ʻili, nā maʻi e pili ana i nā maka maka a i ʻole nā ​​maka ponoʻī. Hiki i nā maka maka ke maʻalahi i nā ʻeha like ʻole. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o nā maka maka.

Nā maʻi e pili ana i ke aʻalolo a me nā ʻiʻo

Nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke aʻalolo a me ka mana o nā ʻiʻo i loko o nā lihilihi a me nā wahi a puni:

• ʻO ka maʻi lolo o Bell
• ʻO Blepharospasm a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka ʻūlū maka
• Ka lihilihi ʻana o ka maka ( Ptosis )
• Nā migraines hemiplegic
• Nā hahau a me nā hoʻouka ischemic transient (TIAs)

Nā maʻi ʻili

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā maʻi ʻili e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā maka maka:

• ʻO ka dermatitis o ka maka
• ʻO ka psoriasis lihilihi
• ʻO ka rosacea maka
• Nā lepili ʻili/Acrochordons

Nā maʻi kūikawā i nā maka a me nā lihilihi

• Nā ʻōpū melemele kokoke i nā lihilihi ( Xanthelasmas))
• Nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​​​cysts ( chalazions ) i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kelepa meibomian i ālai ʻia
• Nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​​​pehu a puni nā follicle maka ( Nā Styes a me nā Styes kūloko )
• Nā maʻi maka ( Conjunctivitis / Pink eye )
• Nā maʻi maka, e.g. Keratitis
• Nā maka maka i hoʻohuli ʻia ( Trichiasis )
• Ke huli nei nā lihilihi i loko (Entropion) a i waho paha (Ectropion)
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻeha o ka maka
• Ka mumū o nā lihilihi maka ( Blepharitis )
• Ka hana pono ʻole o ka ʻōpū Meibomian
• Ka maʻi ʻili ma ka lihilihi a puni paha o ka maka ( orbital cellulitis )

Nā ʻeha i nā maka maka

Nā Laʻana:

• Nā kuni
• Nā ʻokiʻoki
• Nā ʻōpala

Nā maʻi e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā maka maka

Ua hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me nā pilikia me ko lākou mau maka maka no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e ulu pono (ua kapa ʻia kēia he anomaly hānau). Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe nā pilikia me ke ʻano o ko lākou mau maka maka ma muli o nā ulia a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa pū kekahi mau kūlana no ka mea ua nalowale ka elasticity o ka ʻili a me ka saws i ko mākou ʻelemakule.

ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o nā maʻi e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā maka maka:

• Cryptophthalmos: ʻO ke ʻano kēia "maka huna." ʻO ka poʻe me kēia maʻi, ua pili pū ko lākou mau lihilihi maka.
• ʻO ke koloboma o ka maka: He mau ʻoki liʻiliʻi kēia a i ʻole nā ​​hakahaka kahi i ulu pono ʻole ai ka maka. Hiki ke like kēia me ka lehelehe māwae.
• Nā lihilihi maka pālua ( Distichiasis ): Hoʻomohala kekahi poʻe i nā lālani lihilihi maka he nui aʻe ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka pili loa ʻana o nā lihilihi maka i ka ʻili o ka maka, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maka ʻāʻī a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli maʻamau o nā maʻi maka?

E like me nā wahi he nui o kou helehelena, he nui nā hopena aʻalolo o kou mau lihilihi maka. No laila, ʻike nui ʻia kou mau lihilihi maka i ka ʻeha . ʻO nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o nā pilikia lihilihi maka:

• Ke kūlou a wehe paha.
• Ke kulou ʻana o ka lihilihi ( Madarosis ).
• Ka loli ʻana o ke kala o ka ʻili o ka lihilihi.
• Ka maneʻo a i ʻole ke kuni ʻana.
• Pehu.

Hiki i nā maʻi lihilihi ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻili o ka maka, ʻoiai ka makū o ka maka. ʻO nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi lihilihi e hiki ke kū ma ka ʻili o ka maka:

• Nā maka maloʻo.
• Ka waimaka a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana mai nā maka.
• Ka maneʻo a i ʻole ka mumū o ka maka.
• ʻEha maka.
• Nā maka waimaka ( Epiphora) .

Nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka maka weliweli a koke paha

ʻElua mau hōʻailona e pili ana i nā lihilihi e hōʻike i nā pilikia me ka lolo a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana nerve. ʻO lākou ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo ma kekahi ʻaoʻao (ʻO ka Hemiparesis (Hemiparesis ) a i ʻole ka maʻi lolo (Hemiplegia ) kekahi ʻano e hoʻopilikia ai i kekahi lihilihi a me/a i ʻole kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka maka.

ʻO kēia mau hōʻailona ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi he mau hōʻailona pinepine ia o ka hahau ʻana . Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia, a inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e loaʻa ana iā ia , pono ʻoe e kelepona koke i ka 119 (a i ʻole kāu helu pilikia kūloko).

He aha nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau i hana ʻia ma nā maka maka?

Nānā pono nā kauka maka i nā lihilihi maka i ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me ke ana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o nā lihilihi maka, pehea lākou e pane ai i kekahi mau loli, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā lihilihi maka ma ka hoʻopā ʻana iā lākou a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻonui.

Hiki i nā kauka ʻē aʻe - e like me nā kauka mālama mua, nā kauka ʻili, a i ʻole nā ​​kauka ʻokiʻoki plastik a me ke kūkulu hou ʻana - ke nānā i nā lihilihi i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻili maʻamau. Nānā pono nā neurologists i nā lihilihi e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo i loko o nā lihilihi a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi a puni o ka maka.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no nā hōʻailona a me nā kūlana e pili ana i ka maka maka?

ʻOkoʻa loa ka mālama ʻana no nā hōʻailona a me nā kūlana o ka maka ma muli o ke kumu. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻalahi ma ka home e like me nā ʻūlū mahana e lawa paha no nā kūlana ʻili e like me nā styes a i ʻole nā ​​​​chalazions . ʻO nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me nā maʻi e pono ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā antibiotics waha , a i ʻole nā ​​​​inikini e like me OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) no nā kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i nā neʻe ʻana o nā ʻiʻo i kāohi ʻole ʻia.

Ke kū mai nā lihilihi maka palupalu a palupalu paha ma muli o ka nalowale ʻana o ka elasticity i loko o ka ʻili a me nā ʻiʻo ma lalo i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, ʻo ke ʻoki kino paha ke koho maikaʻi loa. Hiki nō hoʻi kēia ke ʻano no nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka lihilihi maka.

Hiki i kāu kauka maka a i ʻole kekahi mea mālama ola kino ke haʻi hou aku iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a lākou e ʻōlelo ai no kou kūlana a me nā pono kikoʻī. Hiki iā lākou ke haʻi iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia e hiki mai ana me kēlā mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai e mālama i ke olakino o koʻu mau maka maka?

Ua like kou mau makamaka me kou ʻili. Hiki i nā mea e like me kēia ke pōmaikaʻi iā lākou:

• ʻAi kūpono: Pili nui kou ʻili i kekahi mau wikamina a me nā minelala. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ia mau mea e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kou mau maka maka (a me kou ʻili ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa) i ke olakino.
• Ka pale ʻana i ka lā: E like me ka ʻili ma ke koena o kou kino, hiki i kou mau makamaka ke ʻā i ka lā. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pale lā kūpono, e like me ka sunscreen a i ʻole nā ​​​​maka aniani, hiki ke kōkua.
• Moe maikaʻi:Ke loaʻa ʻole iā ʻoe ka hiamoe lawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe e kūlou ana kou mau lihilihi a i ʻole he mau pōʻai ʻeleʻele ma lalo o kou mau maka. Eia kekahi, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e like me ka sleep apnea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe e loaʻa i nā maʻi e like me ka droopy eyelid syndrome.
• Ka palekana maka: Ke hoʻohana ʻoe i nā mea e like me nā goggles a i ʻole nā ​​​​maka aniani palekana , ke pale nei ʻoe i kou mau maka.

He aha ka inoa lapaʻau no nā maka maka?

ʻO ka inoa lapaʻau no nā lihilihi maka he "palpebra." Loaʻa kēia huaʻōlelo mai kahi aʻa Latina ʻo ia hoʻi "e hoʻopā mālie." Pili pū ia i ka huaʻōlelo "palpate," ʻo ia ka huaʻōlelo a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e hoʻopā i kahi ʻāpana o ke kino ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka hoʻokolokolo kino. I kēia hihia, ʻo "palpebra" e pili ana i ke ʻano o kou mau lihilihi maka e hoʻomaha mālie ai ma luna o ka ʻili o kou maka a neʻe ma luna.

Ma ka ʻāpana hea o ka maka kahi i loaʻa ai nā lihilihi maka?

Aia kou mau lihilihi maka ma luna a ma lalo o kou mau maka. Ke pani ʻoe i kou mau maka, hui pū kou mau lihilihi maka a uhi i ke kikowaena mua o kou maka, ma luna pono o ka ʻāpana ʻeleʻele o kou maka (cornea). Ke wehe ʻia kou mau maka, hohola pololei ʻia kou mau lihilihi maka, e uhi ana i nā ʻaoʻao luna a me lalo o ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o kou maka (sclera).

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike me ka ʻole o nā maka maka?

ʻAe, hiki i nā kānaka ke ʻike a ola me ka ʻole o nā maka maka. Akā, hiki i nā maka maka nalowale ke hana i kekahi mau pilikia e paʻakikī ai ka ʻike ʻana a i ʻole e hoʻopilikia i kou olakino maka. I nā hihia he nui, pono paha i nā kānaka me kēia maʻi ke mālama olakino no ke ola holoʻokoʻa, ke kākoʻo, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e mālama i ko lākou olakino maka. Loaʻa iā lākou ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe o nā maʻi, nā maʻi ʻili maka, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.

` ## Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home) ʻOi aku kou mau maka maka ma mua o ka uhi wale nō. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa ia o kou ʻike a kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i ke olakino o kou maka. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou, akā ke hoʻopilikia nei kekahi mea iā lākou, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe. E nānā kahi kauka maka i kou mau maka maka i ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau, i hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā loli e pono ai. No laila, mai poina e mālama i kou mau maka maka a me kou mau maka! --- Nā maka maka, Ola kino o ka maka, Nā maka maka, Nā maʻi maka, Palekana maka, Nā ʻōpū Meibomian, Conjunctiva