Ua ʻōlelo anei kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi hoʻāʻo G6PD? A i ʻole ke nānā nei ʻoe i kēia hoʻāʻo no ka mea he jaundice kāu keiki liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole ia e nalo? Malia paha ua lohe wale ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo G6PD. He mea maʻamau ke makaʻu iki no ka mea he ʻano ʻē ka inoa. Akā, mai makaʻu i kekahi mea. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia hoʻāʻo G6PD a me ka hemahema G6PD e hoʻoulu ai i kahi ala maʻalahi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
E nānā mua kākou, he aha ka G6PD?
ʻAe, e hoʻomaka kākou me kahi laʻana maʻalahi loa. E noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua like nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kou kino me nā hale liʻiliʻi. I loko o kēia mau hale, hana ʻia ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen. I kēia manawa, pono e loaʻa kahi 'kiaʻi' e pale i kēia mau hale, e hoʻomau i ko lākou ikaika. No laila, aia kahi limahana kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo G6PD e pale ana i ko mākou mau hale i kapa ʻia he mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a kōkua iā lākou e mālama i ke olakino.
Ma ke ʻano lapaʻau, ʻo G6PD ka inoa pōkole no ka enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase . He protein ka enzyme e kōkua i ko mākou kino e hoʻokō pono i nā kaʻina hana kemika like ʻole. ʻO ka hana nui o kēia enzyme G6PD ka pale ʻana i ko mākou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula mai kekahi mau kemika (i kapa ʻia he reactive oxygen species) hiki ke hōʻino iā lākou.
No laila, inā nele ke kino o ke kanaka i kēia pale, a i ʻole ka enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo G6PD, kapa mākou iā ia he hemahema G6PD . He genetic kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻoilina ʻia. ʻO ke kanaka me kēia hemahema he nāwaliwali iki kona helu o nā cell koko ʻulaʻula. Ua like ia me kahi hale me ka ʻole o kahi pale. A laila, i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai i kekahi mau mea, hoʻomaka kēia mau cell koko ʻulaʻula e haki a luku koke ʻia. Ke hiki ʻole i ke kino ke hana i nā cell koko ʻulaʻula hou a luku koke ʻia nā mea kahiko, loaʻa kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo anemia. Ke haki nā cell koko ʻulaʻula ma kēia ʻano, kapa mākou iā ia he anemia hemolytic .
No laila, i ka manawa hea ʻoe e hana ai i kahi hoʻāʻo G6PD?
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka poʻe me ka hemahema o G6PD i kekahi mau hōʻailona. Noho lākou i ke ola maʻamau. Eia naʻe, i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai lākou i kekahi mau 'mea hoʻonāukiuki' e kū mai ai ke ʻano anemia hemolytic a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua a ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona.
I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea hoʻonāukiuki.
| Nā mea hoʻoulu e hoʻoulu ai i nā hōʻailona | He wehewehe maʻalahi e pili ana i kēia |
|---|---|
| Kekahi mau maʻi | ʻO ke kaumaha i loko o ke kino i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteria a i ʻole nā virus hiki ke hoʻolalelale i ka haki ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. |
| Nā pīni Fava | ʻO kēia ke kumu maʻamau o kēia maʻi. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā pīni fava a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana i kā lākou pollen. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi kēia ʻo 'favism'. |
| Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau | ʻAʻole naʻe hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau ke hoʻonui i ke kūlana, e like me kekahi mau antibiotics, antimalarials, a me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAIDs). No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hemahema o G6PD, he mea nui e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. |
No laila, ke hōʻike ʻia ʻoe i kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki e like me kēlā, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka anemia hemolytic. ʻO ia ka manawa e kuhikuhi ai ke kauka i kahi hoʻāʻo G6PD. E nānā inā kamaʻāina kēia mau hōʻailona iā ʻoe.
| Hōʻailona | He aha ke ʻano o kēia? |
|---|---|
| Ka hiolo koke ʻana (syncope) | Ke loaʻa ʻole ka oxygen i ka lolo, hiki ke hana i ka ʻike ʻole. |
| Manaʻo luhi loa (Fatigue) | Ke emi iho nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, e luhi paha ʻoe e hana i nā hana maʻamau. |
| Manaʻo e kuʻi wikiwiki ana kou puʻuwai | Pono ka puʻuwai e hana ikaika aʻe e pamu i ke koko me ka wikiwiki a hāʻawi i ke kino i ka oxygen e pono ai. |
| Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (dyspnea) | Ke emi iho ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko, e manaʻo paha ʻoe ua pōkole ka hanu a nāwaliwali hoʻi. |
| Mimi ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha | Ke wāwahi ʻia ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ko lākou mau mea i loko o ka mimi, e hoʻololi ai i ke kala o ka mimi. |
| ʻIli keʻokeʻo | Ke emi ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko, nalowale ka ʻili i kona waihoʻoluʻu poni a lilo i keʻokeʻo. |
| Melemele o ka ʻili a me nā maka (jaundice) | Ke wāwahi ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hōʻiliʻili ʻia kahi mea melemele i kapa ʻia ʻo bilirubin i loko o ke kino. ʻO kēia ke kumu e melemele ai ka ʻili a me ke keʻokeʻo o nā maka. |
No ke aha e hana ʻia ai kahi hoʻāʻo G6PD no nā pēpē ʻōpio?
He mea maʻamau ka jaundice i nā pēpē hānau hou. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, e nalo wale ia i loko o kekahi mau lā a ʻelua pule. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa i kekahi mau pēpē ka jaundice no nā pule ʻelua a ʻaʻohe kumu maopopo, hiki i kāu kauka ke paipai i kahi hoʻāʻo G6PD.
Eia kekahi, inā ʻike ʻoe he hemahema G6PD kekahi o kou ʻohana, he manaʻo maikaʻi e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē. Ma kēlā ala, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia ma mua a lawe i nā hana palekana.
Pehea ka maʻamau o ka hemahema o ka G6PD?
He maʻi hoʻoilina maʻamau kēia ma ka honua. Ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi aku ma mua o 400 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i loaʻa i kēia maʻi. Eia naʻe, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole e ʻike ka hapa nui o kēia poʻe i kekahi mau hōʻailona i ko lākou ola a pau.
ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka hemahema G6PD i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, a ʻoi aku ka maʻamau i nā poʻe o ka hanauna ʻAsia, ʻApelika, a i ʻole Mediterranean.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai ka hoʻāʻo G6PD?
He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi loa kēia a maʻamau. ʻAʻohe mea e makaʻu ai i kekahi ʻano. ʻAʻole ia ma mua o ʻelima mau minuke.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi aa koko ma ka lima o ka mea maʻi a lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko.
- A laila wehe ʻia ka ʻāpana a hoʻopili ʻia kahi plaster liʻiliʻi.
Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe ka makaʻu iki i nā nila (ua kapa ʻia kēia he trypanophobia). Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia makaʻu, e haʻi aku i ke kahu hānai nāna e huki i kou koko. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā aku, hanu mālie, a i ʻole e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoaaloha a ʻohana paha i ka wā o ke huki ʻana i ke koko.
Pehea e hana ai i kēia hoʻokolohua no nā pēpē
No ka mea he paʻakikī ke kiʻi ʻana i ke koko mai ka lima o ka pēpē, lawe ʻia kahi hāpana koko mai ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae o ko lākou wāwae. Me ke akahele loa, hoʻohana ʻia kahi nila liʻiliʻi e hou i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi ma ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae a hōʻiliʻili ʻia kekahi mau kulu koko. A laila hoʻopili ʻia kahi kāʻei liʻiliʻi ma ia wahi. Hiki i ka pēpē ke manaʻo i kahi ʻeha iki, akā e nalo koke kēia. Aia paha he ʻeha iki, akā e ho'ōla ʻia kēia i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā.
Pono anei au e hoʻomākaukau ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua?
He mea nui loa kēia. ʻAe, aia kekahi mau mea e makaʻala ai.
- E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai (me nā huaora a me nā mea hoʻohui).
- Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā meaʻai ke hoʻopilikia i nā hopena o kēia hoʻāʻo. No laila, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pale i ka ʻai ʻana i nā pīni fava a i ʻole e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa ka sulfa no kekahi mau lā.
- ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka hoʻokē ʻai ma mua o kēia hoʻāʻo.
Eia kekahi mea nui loa: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona hana o ka anemia hemolytic (e.g., jaundice, luhi) i ka lā āu e loaʻa ai kāu hoʻāʻo, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻopanee i ka hoʻāʻo a hiki i kekahi lā. ʻO kēia no ka mea i ka manawa e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona, ua luku pinepine ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula nele i ka G6PD. ʻO ia wale nō ke waiho nei i nā hunaola olakino i loko o kou koko. Inā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo i kēlā manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi hopena wahaheʻe e ʻōlelo ana he maʻamau kāu pae G6PD.
Aia kekahi mau pilikia me kēia hoʻāʻo?
He hoʻāʻo haʻahaʻa loa kēia. E like me nā hoʻāʻo koko ʻē aʻe,
- He ʻeha liʻiliʻi kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ke kui.
- He palapū liʻiliʻi
- Kākaʻikahi loa, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ka maʻi
Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea e like me ia, akā ho'ōla loa kēia mau mea i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā.
He aha ka ʻōlelo a ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo?
Inā hōʻike kāu hōʻike ua haʻahaʻa kāu pae G6PD, ʻo ia hoʻi he hemahema G6PD kou. Akā, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he anemia hemolytic kou. Noho ka nui o ka poʻe me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke noho mamao aku mai nā mea hoʻoulu e hoʻoulu ai i nā hōʻailona.
Loaʻa paha i kekahi mau wahine nā pae G6PD haʻahaʻa iki ma mua o ka maʻamau. ʻO ia hoʻi, he 'mea lawe' lākou no ka hemahema G6PD. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, loaʻa iā lākou ka gene no ka hemahema G6PD a me ke gene olakino i loko o kā lākou mau genes. ʻAʻohe o kēia poʻe i nā hōʻailona. Akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoili i ka gene i kā lākou mau keiki.
I ka manawa hea e pono ai iaʻu ke ʻike i ke kauka?
He nui ka poʻe me ka hemahema o G6PD e ola kūleʻa me ka ʻole o nā mea hoʻoulu. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka anemia hemolytic, a ʻo kēlā mau hōʻailona e komo pū ana:
- Inā he mea paʻakikī loa ia e hana i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā
- Inā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 24-48 mau hola
E ʻike koke i kāu kauka. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, pono paha ʻoe e lawe ʻia i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana. I loko o ia ʻano pilikia, pono ʻoe e hele i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He enzyme koʻikoʻi ka G6PD e pale ana i ko kākou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- ʻO ka hemahema o kēia enzyme (G6PD deficiency) he maʻi genetic.
- Nui ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia maʻi akā ʻaʻole hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona.
- ʻO ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki e like me nā pīni fava, kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā maʻi e hiki ai ke hoʻohiolo i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, e hana ai i ka anemia hemolytic.
- He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi ka hoʻāʻo G6PD i hana ʻia e ʻike ai i kēia ʻano.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hemahema o ka G6PD, ʻo ka mea nui e ʻike i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki iā ʻoe a pale aku iā lākou.
- ʻO ka mea nui loa: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hemahema o G6PD, e hoʻomaopopo pono i kāu kauka ma mua o ke kau ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau hou.
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