Loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kanesa ma ka lehelehe luna o kou waha? (Kanesa Lehelehe Paʻakikī) - E makaʻala kākou i kēia!

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi mea ʻē, e like me kahi ʻeha e ho'ōla ʻole ana, ma ka ʻaoʻao paʻakikī o ke kaupaku o kou waha, ka ʻaoʻao paʻakikī a mākou e hoʻopā ai i ka wā e kamaʻilio ai a ʻai paha? ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i noʻonoʻo nui i ia mea. Akā, ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai e ulu ana ma luna o ke kaupaku o kou waha, e like me ka kapa ʻana o nā kauka (Hard Palate Cancer) , he mea ia e pono ai mākou e makaʻala. ʻOiai he ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai kakaikahi kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi he hapa liʻiliʻi ia o nā maʻi ʻaʻai waha, he mea nui loa ia iā ʻoe a me aʻu e makaʻala i kēia.

He aha ke Kanesa Palate Paʻakikī?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi ʻaʻai kēia e ulu ana ma ka ʻāpana paʻakikī o ke kaupaku o ko kākou waha, ʻo ia hoʻi ka palale iwi. Hoʻokaʻawale kēia palale i ko kākou lua waha mai ka lua ihu (ka hakahaka i loko o ka ihu). Hiki i kēia maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa i ʻelua ʻano nui. ʻO kekahi ke ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Squamous Cell Carcinoma '. Hoʻomohala kēia i loko o nā pūnaewele pālahalaha e uhi ana i loko o ka waha. ʻO kekahi ke ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i nā kelepa salivary '(Salivary Gland Cancer)' .

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ua like ia me kahi pilikia liʻiliʻi me ka hale o ko mākou hale e hiki ke hōʻino i ka pāʻani holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hale o ko mākou waha kahi wahi koʻikoʻi loa no mākou e kamaʻilio ai a ʻai ai. ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai mākou e mālama.

ʻAʻole kēia he maʻi kanesa maʻamau loa. ʻOiai ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ka maʻi kanesa waha ka mea e pili ana i 3% o nā maʻi kanesa āpau. Ma waena o kēia mau mea, 1% a 5% wale nō nā maʻi kanesa o ka lehelehe luna. Eia naʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau, nui ka hopena i kekahi.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi?

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i nā hōʻailona a kākou e ʻike ai ma kēia kūlana. Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha o kēia mau mea.

• He ʻeha ma luna o ka waha e ho'ōla ʻole ai: ʻO kēia ka hōʻailona nui a maʻamau. Inā hoʻomaka ia me he ʻeha liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole e ho'ōla i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, pono ʻoe e kānalua.
• Hanu ʻino (Halitosis): Inā he ʻala ʻino nō kou waha ma hope o ka palaki ʻana a me ka holoi ʻana i kou waha, he hōʻailona paha kēlā.
• Manaʻo e like me ka wehe ʻana o kou mau niho: Inā manaʻo kou mau niho he palupalu iki a wili paha.
• No ka poʻe e komo ana i nā niho wahaheʻe: Inā ʻoe e komo ana i nā niho wahaheʻe, ʻaʻole paha lākou e komo pono i loko o kou waha e like me ka wā ma mua, a e paʻa paha.
• Paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana (Dysphagia): He manaʻo o ka ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana i ka meaʻai a mea inu paha.
• He puʻupuʻu ma ka ʻāʻī: I kekahi manawa e ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a i ʻole kahi puʻupuʻu e like me ka puʻupuʻu ma ka ʻaoʻao o kou ʻāʻī. Ma muli paha kēia o ka pehu ʻana o nā lymph nodes.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e ʻoluʻolu e ʻimi i ke aʻo lapaʻau . Mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia.

He aha ke kumu o kēia maʻi kanesa?

Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi lapaʻau, ʻelua mau kumu nui e kōkua ai i ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa:

1. Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka:ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā cigarette, nā cigars, nā beedis, a me ka paka uahi ʻole (e.g., ka paka nau) kekahi kumu nui o kēia.

2. Ka inu ʻona: ʻO ka inu pinepine ʻana i nā mea inu ʻona e hoʻonui pū i ka pilikia o kēia maʻi kanesa.

"ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā ʻoe e inu i ka waiʻona i ka wā e puhipaka ana, e piʻi nui aʻe ana kēia pilikia."

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia?

Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia kahi maʻi e like me kēia, ʻaʻole ia e noho wale ma laila. E hoʻomaka ana nā hunaola kanesa e laha.

• Hiki iā ia ke pālahalaha mua i nā lymph nodes ma ka ʻāʻī.
• A laila, hiki iā ia ke laha a hiki i nā wahi ihu.
• Hiki i nā hunaola kanesa i hōʻea i nā lymph nodes ke hele a puni ke kino a hana i nā puʻupuʻu hou, a i ʻole metastases , ma nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe. Inā hana ʻia kēlā, e lilo ke kūlana i mea koʻikoʻi loa.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia maʻi?

Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, e nīnau mua ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• "He ʻeha anei kou ma luna o kou waha?"
• "Mai ka manawa hea ʻoe i ʻike ai i kekahi loli ma kēlā ʻeha?"
• "Ke nui aʻe nei?"
• "Ke kahe nei ke koko o ka ʻeha?"
• "He paʻakikī anei ke ale?"

Eia kekahi, e nīnau paha mākou e pili ana i kekahi o kāu mau ʻano maʻamau:

• "Ke hoʻohana nei ʻoe i ka paka (nā sikaleka, nā paka nau, a pēlā aku)?"
• "ʻEhia ka nui o ka waiʻona āu e hoʻohana ai?"

A laila, e nānā pono ke kauka i loko o kou waha a e hoʻopā i nā puʻupuʻu ma kou ʻāʻī e ʻike inā ua pehu lākou.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia no kēia?

Ma hope o nā hōʻailona a me ka hoʻokolokolo mua ʻana, pono e hana ʻia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka maʻi a hoʻoholo i kona nui.

1. Hoʻāʻo Biopsy:

ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo nui e hoʻoholo ai inā he maʻi kanesa a ʻaʻole paha. ʻO ka mea i hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ke lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ka ʻeha a i ʻole ka puʻupuʻu a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau hunaola kanesa. Hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo e nā kauka loea i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Medical Pathologists' . I ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa o ka lehelehe luna, nānā lākou inā loaʻa i ka ʻiʻo nā ʻano o 'Squamous Cell Carcinoma' a me 'Salivary Gland Cancer'.

Aia kekahi mau ala e hana ai i kahi biopsy:

• ʻO ka 'Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy': Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o nā pūnaewele mai ka puʻupuʻu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi a me ka syringe.
• `Punch Biopsy`: Hana ʻia kahi lua liʻiliʻi i loko o ka puʻupuʻu me kahi mea hana kūikawā a lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻiʻo.
• Biopsy ʻokiʻoki: Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi a wehe ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ke kino mai ka ʻōpū me ka scalpel.

2. Nā Hoʻāʻo Kiʻi:

Inā hōʻoia ka biopsy he maʻi kanesa ia, hana ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike i ka nui o ke kanesa a me ka mamao o kona laha ʻana.

• ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana o ka Tomography Computed (CT) Scan (CT Scan):ʻAe kēia iā mākou e ʻike maopopo i ka nui o ke kanesa, inā ua pālahalaha aku i ka iwi poʻo, a i ʻole ua pālahalaha aku i nā lymph node ma ka ʻāʻī.
• ʻO ka `Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan` (PET scan): Kōkua kēia i ka ʻike ʻana inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa ʻaʻole wale i nā lymph nodes ma ka ʻāʻī, akā i nā ʻāpana mamao o ke kino, e like me nā māmā.

He aha nā pae o ke kanesa ʻāʻī?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i ka ʻike mai nā hoʻokolohua (biopsy, scans) i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna e hoʻoholo ai i ke kahua o ke kanesa. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ke kahua o ke kanesa . I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, haʻi ia iā ʻoe i ka mamao o ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa a me ka mamao o kona laha ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano like o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho no ka aneane o nā ʻano kanesa waha.

No kēia, hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻano hana i kapa ʻia ʻo ke ʻano `TNM` :

• T (Tumor): Pili kēia i ka nui a me kahi o ka puʻupuʻu. Nānā pū ia i ka hohonu o ke komo ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ke kino ('depth of invasion').
• N (Nā Node): Hōʻike kēia iā ʻoe inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā lymph node kokoke, a inā pēlā, i ka nui hea.
• M (Metastasis): Pili kēia i ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa ('metastasis') i nā ʻāpana mamao o ke kino (e.g. māmā, akepaʻa, iwi) mai kahi i hoʻomaka ai.

Nā hihia o ka puʻupuʻu i haʻi ʻia me ka leka T:

• ʻO Tis `(Carcinoma in situ)`: ʻO kēia ke kahua mua loa. Aia nā hunaola kanesa i hoʻokahi papa wale nō o nā ʻiʻo.
• T1: He 2 kenimika a emi mai paha ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu. ʻO ka hohonu o ke komo ʻana i loko o nā ʻiʻo he 5 millimeters a emi mai paha.
• T2: Aia ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu ma waena o 2 a me 4 kenimika. ʻO ka hohonu o ke komo ʻana i loko o nā ʻiʻo ma waena o 5 a me 10 millimeters.
• T3: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o 4 kenimika, a i ʻole ua ulu aʻe ma mua o 10 millimeters i loko o nā ʻiʻo.
• T4: Ua pālahalaha ka puʻupuʻu i nā iwi kokoke (e.g., ke poʻo, nā iwi ihu).

Nā pae koʻikoʻi i nā helu (Nā Pae I-IV):

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau pae nui ma ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kēlā ʻike `TNM`.

• Pae I: Aia ka puʻupuʻu ma ka pae T1 (ʻaʻole i emi ma mua o 2 cm, ʻaʻole i emi ma mua o 5 mm ka hohonu). ʻAʻole ia i pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi mamao.
• Pae II: Aia ka puʻupuʻu ma ka pae T2 (2-4 cm, 5-10 mm ka hohonu). ʻAʻole i pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi mamao.
• Pae III: Hiki i ka puʻupuʻu ke T3 (ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 4 cm, a ʻoi aku ka hohonu ma mua o 10 mm), a i ʻole he T1 a i ʻole T2 paha, akā ua pālahalaha wale i hoʻokahi node lymph kokoke (pono hoʻi e liʻiliʻi ma mua o 3 cm). ʻAʻole ia i pālahalaha i nā wahi mamao.
• Pae IV: Ua māhele ʻia kēia i ʻekolu ʻāpana (IVa, IVb, IVc).
• IVa: Aia ka puʻupuʻu ma ka pae T4a (pālahalaha i ka iwi a puni, ka ʻili, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a i ʻole ua pālahalaha i nā node he nui ma mua o hoʻokahi, a i ʻole ua pālahalaha i kahi node nui. Akā, ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ma ʻō aku o ka lua ihu.
• IVb:Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa ma ʻō aku o ke poʻo, a i ʻole i loko o nā wahi hohonu o ka ʻāʻī, e like me nā ʻiʻo a me nā tendon, a i ʻole ma ka pae T4b (e pālahalaha ana i ke kumu o ke poʻo, a puni nā kīʻaha koko nui ma ka ʻāʻī).
• IVc: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa ma ʻō aku o ka lehelehe luna a me nā iwi ʻāʻī i nā ʻōpū mamao o ke kino (e.g., nā māmā).

Me he mea lā he paʻakikī iki kēia kaʻina hana hoʻonohonoho, akā mai hopohopo. E wehewehe kāu kauka i nā mea āpau iā ʻoe. Inā he mea āu e maopopo ʻole ai, mai makaʻu e nīnau hou.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai kēia?

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻo ke ʻoki kino ka lāʻau nui no ke kanesa o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī e wehe i ka puʻupuʻu. Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā lymph node ma ka ʻāʻī, pono paha e wehe ʻia kēlā mau puʻupuʻu ma ke ʻoki kino.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ke ʻoki kino:

1. Maxillectomy: He ʻoki kino kēia e wehe ai i kahi puʻupuʻu kanesa ma luna o ka waha. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma luna o ka waha e wehe ai i ka puʻupuʻu. Eia nō naʻe, inā nui ka puʻupuʻu, pono paha e wehe ʻia kekahi hapa a i ʻole ka luna o ka waha holoʻokoʻa. No ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka hakahaka i waiho ʻia e kēia wehe ʻana, hoʻohana nā kauka i kahi papa acrylic kūikawā i kapa ʻia he `palatal plate` (like me kahi o nā niho hana). A i ʻole, lawe lākou i nā ʻiʻo mai kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino (e like me ka lima a i ʻole ka wāwae) a hoʻopiha i ka hakahaka (ua kapa ʻia kēia he `flap surgery`).

2. ʻOki ʻana i ka ʻāʻī: No ka mea hiki i ke kanesa o ka ʻāʻī ke pālahalaha i nā lymph node ma ka ʻāʻī, a inā pēlā, hiki iā ia ke pālahalaha ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa, i kekahi manawa wehe nā kauka i kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​lymph node āpau ma ka ʻāʻī.

Nā pilikia a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka mālama ʻana

Aia kekahi mau pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa me ke ʻoki kino. He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi e ʻike i kēia mau mea:

• Paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ka moni ʻana, a me ka ʻai ʻana: Ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka waha māwae, paʻakikī paha ke nau a moni i ka meaʻai. Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka pilikia i ka ʻōlelo ʻana. Pono paha kēia i ke ʻoki ʻana hou a i ʻole ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo.
• Ka hōʻino ʻana o ke aʻalolo: I ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe ai i kahi puʻupuʻu ma ka ʻāʻī, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia kekahi o nā aʻalolo a puni.

I kekahi manawa, ma waho aʻe o ke ʻoki kino, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation therapy a i ʻole chemotherapy, ma muli o ke kahua o ke kanesa a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe.

Hiki ke pale ʻia kēia maʻi ʻaʻai?

ʻOiai he mea hiki ʻole ke pale loa aku, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia. E makaʻala kākou a pau i kēia mau mea:

• E pale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka: Inā ʻoe e puhi paka a hoʻohana paha i nā ʻano paka ʻē aʻe, e hoʻāʻo e haʻalele . Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua me kēia, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka a e ʻike e pili ana i nā papahana i loaʻa.
• E kaupalena i ka waiʻona:Inā inu mau ʻoe i ka waiʻona, e hoʻēmi i ka nui a me ke alapine o ka inu ʻana. Inā manaʻo ʻoe he pilikia kou me ka waiʻona, e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau e pili ana i kēlā.
• ʻAi olakino: E ʻai i ka ʻai kaulike me ka nui o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.
• Nā nānā niho maʻamau: E nānā ʻia kou waha e ke kauka niho ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. He mea nui loa ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua maʻi ʻaʻai waha ma ka liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu makahiki no ka poʻe ma waena o 20 a me 40 mau makahiki, a i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ka poʻe ma luna o 40 mau makahiki.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ke kanesa o ka ʻāʻī?

ʻAe, hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia . ʻOi loa aku i nā pae mua, ʻo ia hoʻi inā ʻike ʻia ka puʻupuʻu i ka wā ʻōpiopio, aia kahi manawa kūpono e ho'ōla piha ʻia me ke ʻoki ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā nui ka puʻupuʻu a ua pālahalaha, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana. Eia kekahi, inā ua ho'ōla ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, i kekahi manawa hiki i kēia maʻi kanesa ke "hoʻi hou" ma hope o nā makahiki he nui. ʻO ia ke kumu e ʻōlelo ʻia ai e hoʻomau i ka hele ʻana no nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho? He aha kaʻu e hana ai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka lehelehe luna, pono paha ʻoe i ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao (e like me ka paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana) ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me ke kākoʻo mai nā meaʻai a me nā mea lapaʻau ʻōlelo.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke hele i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau . He mea nui kēia e nānā i ka hoʻi hou ʻana o ke kanesa a e nānā i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

Wahi a nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), pono e hoʻomau ʻia ka nānā ʻana no ka liʻiliʻi he 10 mau makahiki ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka mālama ʻana. Eia ka papa hana:

• Makahiki mua: Hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia 2 a 3 mau mahina.
• ʻElua makahiki: I kēlā me kēia ʻelua a ʻeono mahina.
• Mai ka makahiki ʻelima a hiki i ka makahiki ʻumi: Hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i kekahi mau nīnau e like me kēia:

• "Hiki ke wehe ʻia kēia puʻupuʻu ma ke ʻoki ʻana?"
• "Pehea lā ka hopena o ke ʻoki kino iaʻu?"
• "E ho'ōla loa anei ke ʻoki kino iaʻu?"
• "Pono anei iaʻu e hana i nā ʻoki kino he nui?"
• "He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e pono ai iaʻu?"

Leka Lawe-Home

He maʻi laha ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai palale paʻakikī akā he maʻi koʻikoʻi paha. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka a me ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona nā kumu pilikia nui. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me nā ʻeha ma luna o kou waha i hoʻōla ʻole ʻia, ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana, a i ʻole ka hanu ʻino, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau . Inā ʻike mua ʻia, hiki i ke ʻoki kino ke hoʻōla i ke ʻano. He mea nui hoʻi e hana i nā nānā mau ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. E mālama i kou olakino.

ʻO ke Kanesa ʻAla Paʻakikī, Kanesa ʻAla Luna, Kanesa Waha, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Kanesa ʻAla Salivary Gland, Nā Hōʻailona Kanesa