Ua haʻi aku anei kekahi kauka iā ʻoe ua kiʻekiʻe iki ka potassium o kou koko, e makaʻala i kāu mea e ʻai ai a inu ai? A i ʻole he kumuhana mau anei ka potassium no ka mea he maʻi puʻupaʻa kekahi o kou ʻohana? Nui ka poʻe o mākou e hopohopo nei e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kā mākou ʻai ʻana i ka sodium, akā ʻaʻole mākou e noʻonoʻo nui e pili ana i kēia meaʻai koʻikoʻi. Akā i ka wā e nui loa ai ko mākou kino, kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo hyperkalemia, hiki i kekahi manawa ke hana mālie a hoʻoulu i kahi kūlana weliweli loa. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī a me ka maʻalahi.
He aha ka Hyperkalemia?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hyperkalemia ka wā e kiʻekiʻe ai ka pae potassium i loko o kou koko ma mua o ka maʻamau.
E noʻonoʻo i ka potassium ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokele uila liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino. Ua like ia me ka ʻōnaehana uwea i loko o ko kākou mau home. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau electrolytes e nā kauka. He mau minelala kēia e hana maoli i kahi uku uila ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai a i ʻole kahi wai e like me ko kākou koko. He mea nui kēia electrolyte, potassium, no ka hana pono ʻana o ko kākou kino.
He aha ka hana a ka potassium no ko mākou kino?
- Kōkua i nā ʻiʻo e ʻūmiʻi a hoʻomaha: Ke hoʻoneʻe mākou i ko mākou mau lālā, hele, a kuʻi ko mākou puʻuwai, pono kēia mau mea āpau i ka hana ʻiʻo. Kōkua ka Potassium i kēia.
- Lawe i nā leka aʻalolo: Kōkua ka Potassium i ka lawe ʻana i nā leka mai ka lolo ma ke kino a hoʻouna i nā manaʻo mai nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino i ka lolo.
- Lawe mai i nā meaʻai i nā pūnaewele a hoʻohemo i nā ʻōpala: He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka Potassium i ke kōkua ʻana i nā trillions o nā pūnaewele i loko o ko mākou kino e omo i nā meaʻai e pono ai lākou a hoʻohemo i nā ʻōpala a lākou e hana ai.
- Hoʻomalu i ke koko: Kōkua pū ka Potassium i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka piʻi ʻana o ke koko i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka paʻakai (sodium) a mākou e ʻai ai.
He aha ka mea e hana maoli ai inā piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka potassium?
Loaʻa i ko mākou kino ka potassium mai ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai a inu ai. ʻO ka maʻamau, hana nā puʻupaʻa ʻelua i loko o ke kanaka olakino e like me nā kānana ʻelua kūpono . Mālama kēia mau puʻupaʻa i ka nui o ka potassium e pono ai ke kino a hoʻokuke aku i ke keu ma o ka mimi.
Akā e noʻonoʻo inā hewa kekahi mea me kēia kānana? Inā hana ʻia kēlā, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka potassium keu e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o ke kino a hoʻomaka e hōʻiliʻili i loko o ke koko. ʻO kēia hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka potassium i loko o ke koko ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he hyperkalemia.
He mea weliweli loa nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka potassium i loko o ke koko no ko kākou puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole, ka ʻeha wikiwiki o ka umauma, a i kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka hāʻule puʻuwai.
I ka hapanui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike maʻalahi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ko mākou pae potassium. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai ke lilo i ʻenemi leo ʻole.
He aha ka pae potassium olakino?
ʻO ka pae potassium maʻamau i loko o ke koko o kahi pākeke ma waena o 3.5 a me 5.0 millimoles/lita (mmol/L).
- Hana ʻia ka Hyperkalemia ke ʻoi aku kēia pae ma mua o 5.5 mmol/L.
- ʻO ka pae potassium ma luna o 6.5 mmol/L he maʻi koʻikoʻi ia e pono ai ka mālama lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia, no ka mea, hiki i kēia pae ke hōʻeha nui i ka puʻuwai.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka nui o ka potassium?
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, inā piʻi iki kou pae potassium (Mild Hyperkalemia), ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e loaʻa i kekahi mau hōʻailona. A i ʻole, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona, hiki ke maʻamau loa lākou a ʻaʻole mākou e nānā nui iā lākou. ʻAʻole pinepine kēia mau hōʻailona e hiki koke mai, a piʻi mālie lākou i nā pule a i ʻole nā mahina.
Akā inā lilo ka nui o ka potassium i mea kiʻekiʻe loa, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i ka puʻuwai a hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona koke, koʻikoʻi, a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.
E wehewehe hou aku kākou i kēia me ka papa ma lalo nei.
| ʻAno o ka hōʻailona | Nā hiʻohiʻona i ʻike ʻia |
|---|---|
| Nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi |
|
| Nā hōʻailona weliweli a koʻikoʻi |
|
He mea nui loa kēia: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia o ka haukapila (ETU). ʻAʻole kēia he mea hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama ma ka home.
No ke aha e piʻi ai kēia mau pae potassium? He aha nā kumu nui?
ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ka hyperkalemia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa . He kiʻekiʻe loa kēia pilikia i ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa (CKD). Ke hōʻino ʻia nā puʻupaʻa, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kānana pono i nā huahana ʻōpala (me ka potassium keu) mai ke koko. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka potassium i loko o ke koko.
Ma waho aʻe o nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻoulu i nā pae potassium kiʻekiʻe:
- ʻAi waiwai i ka potassium: E ʻai mau i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka potassium, e like me ka maiʻa, nā ʻalani, a me nā tōmato, a lawe i nā mea hoʻopihapiha i loaʻa ka potassium.
- Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koko kiʻekiʻe (e like me nā ACE inhibitors, ARBs) a me kekahi mau lāʻau ʻeha, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hiki o nā puʻupaʻa ke hoʻokuʻu i ka potassium. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei.
- Maʻi diabetes: Hiki i ka maʻi diabetes i kāohi ʻole ʻia ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka hemahema o ka insulin ke hana i nā pae potassium kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻO ka maʻi o Addison: He maʻi pili kēia i ka hormone.
- Ke kuni nei ma luna o kahi ʻāpana nui o ke kino.
- Kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina: He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole kēia maʻi e laha. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi me ka hyperkalemia ke hoʻolaha iā ia i kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe.
Pehea e ʻike ai i kēia maʻi?
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ona hōʻailona kikoʻī, ʻike paha ʻoe he kiʻekiʻe kou pae potassium ke hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo koko no kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe.
1. Hoʻāʻo Potassium Serum: He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi kēia e hiki ke ana pololei i ka nui o ka potassium i loko o kou koko.
2. Electrocardiogram (EKG): ʻOiai hiki i nā pae potassium kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻopilikia i ka puʻuwai, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi EKG. He hoʻopaʻa leo kēia o ka hana uila o ka puʻuwai. Ke kiʻekiʻe nā pae potassium, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā loli kikoʻī ma kēia EKG. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka loiloi ʻana i ka nui o ka pōʻino i hana ʻia i ka puʻuwai.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka potassium?
ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka hyperkalemia e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o kou pae potassium, ke kumu, a inā he mau maʻi ʻē aʻe kāu.
Aia ma lalo iho kekahi o nā ʻano lapaʻau nui:
| ʻAno lapaʻau | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi... |
|---|---|
| Nā lāʻau lapaʻau | I kā mākou ʻōlelo, ua kapa ʻia lākou he "nā pila wai." Hoʻonui pinepine kēia mau lāʻau iā ʻoe i ka mimi. Hoʻokahe pū ka mimi i ka potassium a me ka sodium keu mai kou kino. |
| Ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau | Inā kiʻekiʻe kou pae potassium ma muli o kekahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoholo e hoʻōki i ka lāʻau, hoʻololi i ka dosage, a hāʻawi paha iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Mai hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau me ka ʻole o ka nīnau mua ʻana i kāu kauka. |
| Nā mea hoʻopaʻa potasiuma | Hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka potassium keu i loko o ke ala ʻai a wehe iā ia mai ke kino i loko o ka ʻōpala. Paipai ʻia lākou inā ʻaʻole hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe ke kaohi i nā pae potassium. |
| Lapaʻau intravenous (IV) | Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka pae potassium, a kiʻekiʻe loa, e hāʻawi ka haukapila iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me ka saline ) ma o kahi aʻa. ʻO ka mea mua, e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka calcium gluconate e pale i kou puʻuwai. A laila, e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka insulin e hoʻoneʻe i ka potassium i loko o kou koko i loko o kāu mau cell. |
| Dialysis | Inā ʻaʻole holo pono nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe a i ʻole he hemahema kou puʻupaʻa, pono paha ʻoe i ka dialysis. Pili kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini, e like me ka puʻupaʻa hana, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kou koko a wehe i ka potassium keu. |
He aha nā mea e hiki ke hana ʻia e pale a kaohi i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka potassium?
ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka hyperkalemia, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino o kou puʻupaʻa a me ka palena ʻana i ka nui o ka potassium āu e lawe ai i loko o kou kino.
ʻAi Haʻahaʻa-Potassium
Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hyperkalemia, he mea nui e hahai i ka papaʻai haʻahaʻa-potassium. Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻopau loa a kaupalena paha i kekahi mau meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka potassium. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka a meaʻai meaʻai paha e pili ana i kēia a hana i kahi papaʻai kūpono iā ʻoe.
Nā meaʻai e pono e kaupalena ʻia a hōʻole ʻia paha no ka mea he kiʻekiʻe ko lākou i ka potassium:
- Nā hua maloʻo: nā prunes, nā ʻapricots maloʻo, nā lā
- ʻO kekahi mau huaʻai hou: maiʻa, wai meli, ʻalani, tangerines, nectarines
- ʻO kekahi mau mea kanu: spinach, tōmato, ʻuala, ʻuala, halo, avocados
- ʻO ka mea ʻono tōmato a me ke ketchup
- Kekahi mau ʻiʻo: pipi, iʻa (ʻoi aku ka iʻa salmon, tuna)
- Nā pani paʻakai me ka potassium : Hoʻohana kekahi poʻe i kēia ma kahi o ka paʻakai. E heluhelu i ka lepili ma ka ʻeke.
ʻO ka mea nui, aia ka potassium i loko o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu a pau. No laila, mai hoʻōki loa i ka ʻai ʻana iā lākou. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ia ke ʻike i nā mea "kiʻekiʻe" i ka potassium a kāohi i ka nui āu e ʻai ai.
Nā mea ʻē aʻe e hana ai
- E kiʻi i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia ʻano, e kiʻi i nā hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau a nānā i kāu mau pae potassium e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka.
- E lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha a kāu kauka: E lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka nui kūpono a i ka manawa kūpono.
- Kaohi i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, e kaohi pono iā lākou, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka Hyperkalemia kahi kūlana i ʻoi aku ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka potassium i loko o ke koko ma mua o ka maʻamau. ʻAʻole pinepine kēia e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona.
- ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka maʻi diabetes a me kekahi mau lāʻau koko kiʻekiʻe ke lilo i mau kumu.
- He mea weliweli loa nā pae potassium kiʻekiʻe no ka puʻuwai a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā kūlana hoʻoweliweli ola e like me ka hāʻule puʻuwai.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e like me ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka puʻuwai wikiwiki, a i ʻole ka mae ʻana o kou mau lālā, e hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila.
- ʻO nā ʻano lapaʻau e komo pū me ka kaohi ʻana i ka ʻai, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a i kekahi mau hihia, ka dialysis.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia maʻi, he mea nui e hahai pololei i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka a hana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono.
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