He manaʻolana hou no ka hānau keiki: ʻO nā mea āpau e pili ana i ke ʻano lapaʻau ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection)

ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka moeʻuhane o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keiki i kekahi manawa he pilikia nui ia, ʻeā? He kumuhana koʻikoʻi loa kēia, ʻoiai no nā kāne e hakakā nei me ka pilikia o ka nele i ke keiki. No laila i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻano lapaʻau kūikawā i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou e hiki ke kōkua i ia mau pilikia. ʻO ia hoʻi ʻo ICSI, a i ʻole Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection . ʻOiai he paʻakikī iki kēia inoa, e hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou.

He aha ka ICSI? He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o IVF a me ICSI?

He ʻano lapaʻau kūikawā ka ICSI i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hānau ʻole ʻana. ʻO ka ʻōlelo pololei, he ʻāpana ia o ka In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) .

E noʻonoʻo, i loko o kahi kaʻina hana IVF maʻamau, lawe ʻia ka hua o ka wahine i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua a hoʻopuni ʻia e nā tausani o ka sperm o ke kāne. A laila, hoʻopā kekahi o kēlā mau sperm i ka hua iā ia iho a kali i ka hoʻoulu ʻana. Ua like ia me ka lanakila ʻana i kahi heihei. Akā i kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hiki i hoʻokahi sperm ke komo i loko o ka hua. A laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia.

Ua kapa ʻia ka hua i hoʻoulu ʻia he embryo . A laila hoʻokomo ʻia kēia embryo i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine. Inā pili ka embryo i ka paia o ka ʻōpū, hāpai ka wahine. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano hana he ʻenehana kōkua hānau (ART) .

ʻO wai ka mea e pono ai ka mālama ʻana iā ICSI?

He mea pono loa ka ICSI no nā kāne me nā pilikia hānau ʻole o ke kāne . Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau inā loaʻa i ke kāne kekahi o kēia mau kūlana:

Eia kekahi, pono paha ka ICSI no nā kumu ʻē aʻe:

• Inā ua holomua nā lāʻau IVF maʻamau ma mua a ʻaʻohe embryo i hoʻokumu ʻia.
• Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine e hāʻawi ana i nā hua manu ma mua o 35 mau makahiki .
• Inā hoʻohana ʻia nā hua manu a i ʻole sperm i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua (cryopreserved) no ka mālama ʻana.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kaʻina hana ICSI?

He hana kēia e hana ʻia ana ma kekahi mau ʻanuʻu. E nānā kākou i kēlā mau ʻanuʻu ma ke kaʻina.

1. Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā hua manu a me ka sperm

Ka Loaʻa ʻana o ka Hua Manu:

• Hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ovulation: ʻO ka mea mua, hāʻawi ʻia ka wahine nāna e hāʻawi i nā hua i nā inikini hormone i kēlā me kēia lā no kahi o 8 a 14 mau lā. Hoʻoulu kēia i nā ovaries a hoʻoulu iā lākou e oʻo i kekahi mau hua i ka manawa hoʻokahi.
• Ka lawe ʻana i ka hua manu: A laila, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi lāʻau hoʻomaha māmā, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila lahilahi loa ma o ka vagina, a lawe mālie ʻia nā hua manu makua mai nā ovaries ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o kahi scan ultrasound transvaginal . ʻAʻole kēia he mea ʻeha.

Hōʻiliʻili Sperm:

• ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka sperm i ka lā hoʻokahi e hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai nā hua.
• Pono ke kāne hāʻawi e hōʻole i ka moekolohe a i ʻole ka masturbation no ʻelua a ʻekolu mau lā.
• A laila, pono ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i ka sperm ma o ka masturbation i loko o kahi pahu kūikawā i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke keʻena lapaʻau. Pono e lawe ʻia kēia hāpana i ka hale hana i loko o hoʻokahi hola.
• No kekahi poʻe (e.g., ka poʻe i ʻole e ejaculateI nā hihia o ka azoospermia , pono paha nā ʻano kūikawā ʻē aʻe e loaʻa ai ka sperm (e like me ka microscopic testicular sperm extraction ).

2. Ke kaʻina hana ICSI ma ka hale hana

ʻO kēia ka manawa koʻikoʻi loa. Ma ka hale hana hoʻokolohua, hana nā loea i kēia mau mea:

1. Ua ʻohi mālie ʻia kahi hua moa makua me kahi pipette aniani maikaʻi loa.

2. A laila, i ka nānā ʻana ma o ka microscope, ua koho ʻia ka sperm maikaʻi loa a hopu ʻia me kahi nila lahilahi loa.

3. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokomo pono ʻia ke kui i loko o ka hua manu a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka sperm i loko o ka cytoplasm o ka hua manu.

4. A laila, lawe ke kahuna i waho i ke kui.

3. Ka ulu ʻana o ka embryo a me ke kau ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū (Embryo Transfer)

Ma hope o ICSI, ua waiho ʻia ka hua i hoʻopulu ʻia, a i ʻole embryo , e ulu i loko o ka hale hana no kahi o 5 a 6 mau lā. I loko o kēia manawa, māhele ʻia ia i loko o nā ʻāpana a hiki i kahi pae i kapa ʻia he blastocyst .

A laila, hoʻokomo ʻia ka embryo a i ʻole nā ​​embryos maikaʻi loa i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine ma o kahi paipu kūikawā (catheter) . ʻAʻole pono kēia i ka anesthesia. Inā pili kēia embryo i ka paia o ka ʻōpū (implantation), ua holomua ka hāpai ʻana. Manaʻo ke kauka e hoʻāʻo no ka hāpai ʻana ma kahi o ʻelua pule ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pilikia o ka mālama ʻana iā ICSI?

Eia nō naʻe, e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, aia kekahi mau pilikia, a he mea nui e ʻike iā lākou.

• Hiki ke hōʻino ʻia kekahi mau hua ke hou ʻia me ka nila.
• ʻOiai inā ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka sperm, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole paha e hoʻomomona ʻia ka hua.
• Hiki ke oki ka ulu ʻana o ka embryo hopena ma hope o ke kanu ʻia ʻana i loko o ka hale hana a i ʻole i loko o ka ʻōpū.

Nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i ke keiki:

Ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā keiki i hānau ʻia me ICSI i kekahi mau maʻi hānau . Eia nō naʻe, manaʻoʻiʻo nā loea lapaʻau ʻaʻole kēia pilikia ma muli o ka lāʻau ponoʻī, akā, ma muli o ke kumu o ka hānau ʻole ʻana. ʻO kēia mau pilikia e komo pū me nā kūlana e like me ka Angelman syndrome, autism, a me ka Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome . Eia naʻe, he liʻiliʻi loa kēia pilikia. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.

Nā manawa kūpono e loaʻa ai nā māhoe:

I mea e hoʻonui ai i nā manawa kūpono o ka hāpai ʻana, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi embryo (e.g. ʻelua) i loko o ka ʻōpū. I kēia hihia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa kūpono o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā māhoe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mākolu.

Āhea ʻoe e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona aʻe, e kāhea koke i kāu kauka :

• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi , e like me ke kuni nui a me ke kahe ʻana o ka ʻōpū ʻala ʻino.
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hāpai ectopic (ʻeha nui o ka ʻōpū ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, nāwaliwali).
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hāʻule ʻana o ke keiki (ke kahe koko nui, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū).
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hānau mua ʻana .