Ua haʻahaʻa kou potassium? He hypokalemia anei kēia? E kamaʻilio kākou!

Ua luhi paha ʻoe, ʻeha nā hono, a i ʻole kahi loli iki i kou puʻuwai? I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e nānā nui i kēia mau mea. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi ke lilo i mau hōʻailona e nele ana kou kino i kekahi mau meaʻai koʻikoʻi. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi mea e like me ia - ka emi ʻana o ka potassium i loko o ko mākou kino, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano lapaʻau ʻo hypokalemia .

He aha ka Hypokalemia?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hypokalemia kahi kūlana kahi i haʻahaʻa ai nā pae potassium o kou koko. He mineral koʻikoʻi ka Potassium no ko mākou kino. I ka pololei, he 'electrolyte' ia. ʻO nā Electrolytes nā mineral e hiki ke lawe i kahi uku uila ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ko mākou mau wai kino. He mea nui ka Potassium no kā mākou mau cell, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā aʻalolo e hana pono ai.

ʻO ka pae potassium maʻamau o ke koko no kahi pākeke ma waena o 3.5 a me 5.2 mEq/L (milliequivalents no ka lita ) (ʻo ia hoʻi, 3.5 a 5.2 mmol/L). Inā hāʻule kēia ma lalo o 3 mEq/L (3 mmol/L), ua manaʻo ʻia he hypokalemia koʻikoʻi .

Loaʻa i ko kākou kino ka potassium mai ka meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai. ʻO ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa ke kuleana no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike ma ka wehe ʻana i ka potassium keu mai ke kino ma o ka mimi. Maopopo iā ʻoe?

Pehea ka hopena o ka hypokalemia i koʻu kino?

I kēia manawa, e nānā, ʻaʻole wale ka potassium he mineral. Pono ko kākou mau ʻiʻo, ka ʻōnaehana nerve, a ʻoi aku hoʻi ko kākou puʻuwai i ka potassium e hana pono ai. ʻAʻole wale ia, akā he mea nui nō hoʻi ka potassium no ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe olakino a me ke olakino o ka iwi.

No laila, ke emi ka pae potassium i loko o ke koko, hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia kēia mau kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi a pau. Inā noho haʻahaʻa nā pae potassium no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki ke loaʻa nā kūlana e like me ka arrhythmias, ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi lolo. E noʻonoʻo i ke koʻikoʻi o kēia!

He aha nā kumu o ka Hypokalemia?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka haʻahaʻa o ka potassium i loko o ke kino, ʻo ia ka nalowale nui o ka potassium mai kā mākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe . Hiki ke hana kēia inā e luaʻi pinepine mākou, loaʻa ka maʻi diarrhea, a hoʻohana nui paha i nā laxatives ( laxatives ).

Ma waho aʻe o kēlā, nui paha nā kumu ʻē aʻe, e nānā kākou?

• ʻO kekahi mau pilikia noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana: No ka laʻana, nā kūlana e like me 'Bulimia nervosa'.
• Ka hou nui ʻana: Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'hyperhidrosis' kahi e hou nui ai lākou.
• Ka pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona .
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau:Hoʻohana kekahi poʻe i nā diuretics, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he 'wai pila'. Hoʻopuka kēia i ka potassium keu i loko o ka mimi.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe: Hiki ke hana ʻia e nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka insulin, kekahi mau antibiotics, a me nā corticosteroids.
• Nā maʻi ʻōpū adrenal: Nā kūlana e like me ke 'aldosteronism mua' a me ka 'Cushing's syndrome'.
• Maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa.
• Nā pae magnesium haʻahaʻa: Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo 'hypomagnesemia'.
• Nā kūlana e pili ana i ka puʻupaʻa: ʻO nā maʻi puʻupaʻa genetic kakaikahi e like me ka Bartter's syndrome a me Gitelman syndrome hiki ke hana i nā kaulike ʻole o ka paʻakai i loko o ke kino.
• Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe: Nā kūlana kakaikahi e hoʻoulu ai i ke koko kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka Liddle syndrome.
• Kākaʻikahi loa: Hiki ke hana ʻia e ka ʻai ʻole ʻana i ka meaʻai kaulike, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lawa ka potassium mai ka meaʻai.

E noʻonoʻo, ke lawe mau nei ʻo Amila i nā lāʻau laxative no nā pilikia ʻōpū. Ua manaʻo ʻo ia i ka luhi a me ka mae ʻole i kona mau lālā no kekahi mau lā. I kona hele ʻana i ke kauka wale nō i ʻike ai ʻo ia ua haʻahaʻa loa kona pae potassium, a ʻo nā laxatives ke kumu. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea e like me kēia, no laila he mea maikaʻi ke makaʻala.

He aha nā hōʻailona o Hypokalemia?

ʻAʻole paha e hōʻike ka hypokalemia iki i kekahi mau hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mau mea:

• Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū.
• Nā loli i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka umauma.
• Luhi nui a paupauaho paha.
• Ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo a me ka wili pinepine ʻana o ke kino.
• ʻO ka mae a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike ma nā lālā.

Eia nō naʻe, inā hāʻule nui nā pae potassium (hypokalemia koʻikoʻi) , hiki i nā hōʻailona ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi:

• ʻŪmiʻi ʻiʻo.
• ʻŪmiʻi nui o nā ʻiʻo.
• Ka nāwaliwali nui o nā ʻiʻo , a hiki paha i ka maʻi lolo.
• Ke koko haʻahaʻa.
• Ka poniuniu a i ʻole ka māʻule ʻana.
• Nā ʻano ʻē i loko o ka ʻōnaehana puʻuwai (Arrhythmias).
• Ka mimi pinepine a nui hoʻi (polyuria).
• Makewai nui (Polydipsia).

E noʻonoʻo, ua loaʻa iā ʻAnakala Sunil ka maʻi pākī no ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lā pololei. A laila, me ka luhi hiki ʻole ke wehewehe ʻia, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻiʻo ma kona mau wāwae e ʻōwili. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke kū. Ua nāwaliwali loa kona mau wāwae a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kū. Ua ʻōlelo ke kauka ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka nui o ka potassium mai kona kino e ka maʻi pākī, ʻo ia ke kumu i loaʻa ai iā ia kēia maʻi. I nā manawa e like me kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kōkua lapaʻau i ka wā hikiwawe loa.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Hypokalemia?

ʻO ka mea mua a kāu kauka e hana ai, ʻo ia ke lawe ʻana i kahi hoʻāʻo koko e nānā i kou pae potassium. E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo ka pae potassium maʻamau no kahi pākeke ma waena o 3.5 a me 5.2 mEq/L (3.5 a me 5.2 mmol/L). Inā ma waena o 3 a me 3.5 mEq/L (3 a me 3.5 mmol/L) ka pae potassium, he hypokalemia māmā ia. Inā emi ia ma mua o 3 mEq/L (3 mmol/L), he hypokalemia koʻikoʻi ia.

Eia kekahi, hiki i ke kauka ke hana i kahi 'basic metabolic panel' a i ʻole kahi 'comprehensive metabolic panel' . Hoʻāʻo kēia i nā kemika like ʻole i loko o ke koko, e like me nā pae electrolyte a me ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.

Inā hōʻoia ʻia ka hypokalemia, e hoʻāʻo hou ke kauka e ʻimi i ke kumu. Inā ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo mimi e ana i ka nui o ka potassium i loko o ka mimi.

Hiki paha i ke kauka ke kauoha i kahi electrocardiogram (ECG a i ʻole EKG) . Ana kahi ECG i kou mele puʻuwai. Hiki i ka Hypokalemia ke hana i nā ʻano ʻē o ka mele puʻuwai, no laila hiki i kahi ECG ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana iā lākou.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka Hypokalemia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hypokalemia iki , e kuhikuhi paha kāu kauka i nā mea hoʻohui potassium waha.

Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana, a inā he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe, hiki i ke kauka ke mālama iā ia ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka potassium intravenously (IV). Aia kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe kahi e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka potassium intravenously:

• Inā haʻahaʻa loa kou pae potassium.
• Inā ua hoʻoulu ka hypokalemia i nā ʻano ʻino o ka puʻuwai .
• Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka maikaʻi o nā mea hoʻohui waha.
• Inā e nalowale ana ka potassium mai ke kino ma kahi wikiwiki ma mua o ka mea e omo ʻia ana ma o nā mea hoʻopihapiha waha.

Eia kekahi, inā he kūlana kumu e hoʻoulu ai i ka hypokalemia, e mālama pū ke kauka i kēlā. He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu.

Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā diuretics (nā pila wai), hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻololi iā ʻoe i kahi ʻano diuretic e kōkua ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka potassium i loko o ke kino. A i ʻole, hiki iā lākou ke haʻi aku iā ʻoe e lawe i nā mea hoʻohui potassium.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka hypokalemia?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hōʻemi ai i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hypokalemia, ʻo ia ka ʻai ʻana i kahi meaʻai kaulike i piha i nā meaʻai waiwai i ka potassium . He mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu meaʻai.

E nānā kākou i nā meaʻai waiwai i ka potassium.

• He nui nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu
• ʻIʻo a me ka iʻa momona haʻahaʻa
• Waiū a me nā meaʻai waiū
• Nā nati (e.g. pīni, chickpeas)

Eia kekahi mau meaʻai i waiwai nui i ka potassium:

• ʻAvokado
• Maiʻa
• Nā pī a me nā pī
• ʻO ka palaoa palaoa
• Nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele (e.g. spinach, kale)
• Iʻa
• Pipi momona
• Waiū
• Nā ʻalani
• Pīnati pata
• ʻUala
• ʻO ka palaina
• ʻŌmato

ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā ua luaʻi ʻoe a loaʻa paha i ka maʻi diarrhea no nā hola he 24 a 48 , pono ʻoe e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau . ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i kēia ke hoʻolilo i ke kino i nā wai a me nā minelala koʻikoʻi e like me ka potassium, e alakaʻi ana i ka hypokalemia. ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou ʻimi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou kūlana e pale aku ai.

(Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i loaʻa i ka hypokalemia ma mua, ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻāʻo pono e pale aku iā ia ma kēia ʻano.)

He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hypokalemia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hypokalemia iki , hiki i nā mea hoʻohui potassium ke kōkua i ka hoʻohuli ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui hoʻi e hoʻomau i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai momona i ka potassium.

Inā koʻikoʻi ke kūlana, hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka potassium intravenous. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia , hiki i ka hypokalemia koʻikoʻi ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi o ka puʻuwai. ʻAʻole wale kēlā, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi lolo e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola.

No laila, he mea nui loa e noho mau me kāu kauka e hōʻoia i ka mālama pono ʻia ʻana o kou maʻi hypokalemia.

Leka Lawe-Home

ʻAe, ua kamaʻilio nui kākou e pili ana i ka hypokalemia, ʻeā? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he kūlana ia kahi e haʻahaʻa ai nā pae potassium o kou koko. He mea nui ka potassium no ko kākou kino e hana pono ai. Hoʻopilikia ia i ko kākou mau pūnaewele, nā ʻiʻo, nā aʻalolo, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe, a me ka ʻōnaehana iwi.

• Nā kumu: ʻO ka luaʻi pinepine ʻana, ka maʻi pākī, kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (ʻoiai nā pila wai), nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, a me kekahi mau pilikia hormonal hiki ke hana i nā pae potassium haʻahaʻa.
• Nā Hōʻailona: Hiki ke loaʻa ka luhi, ka ʻūlū ʻana o nā ʻiʻo, nā loli o ka helu o ka puʻuwai, a me ka mae ʻana o nā lālā. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi lolo.
• Lapaʻau: ʻO nā mea hoʻohui potassium (waha a intravenous paha), ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu nā mea nui.
• Kāohi: He mea nui e ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike i waiwai i ka potassium. ʻOi aku hoʻi, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka luaʻi/ka maʻi pākī no nā lā a ʻelua paha.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​a inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hypokalemia, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka . ʻAʻohe mea e hopohopo ai, a inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua, hiki ke hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻano.

ʻO ka Hypokalemia, potassium, potassium haʻahaʻa, electrolytes, nā hōʻailona, ​​​​​​ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka ʻai