Ke pālahalaha nei ke kanesa i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino - E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka metastasis

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo "metastasis," ʻoiai ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa. He huaʻōlelo weliweli ia. Akā inā maopopo pololei iā ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi iki i kēlā makaʻu. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka metastasis, pehea e hana ai, a me nā mea nui e ʻike ai e pili ana i ia mea.

He aha ka Metastasis? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka metastasis ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa mai kahi i hoʻomaka mua ai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me kahi mea kanu liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaka ana ma kahi hoʻokahi a i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, pālahalaha ia a ulu i nā mea kanu hou. Loaʻa i ka aneane nā kanesa āpau kekahi hiki ke pālahalaha ma kēia ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, inā laha a ʻaʻole paha e pili ana i kekahi mau kumu. No ka laʻana, ke ʻano o ke kanesa, kona nui, a me kahi i hoʻomaka mua ai ke kanesa - kapa mākou iā ia ʻo 'puʻupuʻu mua' - he kuleana ko kēia mau mea āpau.

I kēia manawa, e nānā, aia ʻekolu mau ala nui e hiki ai i kēia mau hunaola kanesa ke hele i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino:

• ʻO ke ʻano hana mua: Hiki i nā hunaola kanesa ke ulu pololei i loko o nā ʻiʻo e hoʻopuni ana i ka puʻupuʻu mua, me he mea lā e huki ana i nā aʻa.
• ʻO ke ʻano hana ʻelua: Hele kēia mau hunaola kanesa ma o ke kahe koko, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka ʻōnaehana kahe koko , i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe ma nā wahi mamao o ke kino, e like me ke akepaʻa, nā māmā, ka lolo, a me nā iwi.
• ʻO ke kolu o ke ala: Ma o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic . ʻO kēia kekahi ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi i loko o ko kākou kino. Ma o kēia, hiki i nā hunaola kanesa ke laha i nā lymph node kokoke a i kekahi manawa mamao aku.

He aha nā inoa ʻē aʻe no ka metastasis?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i kekahi mau inoa ʻē aʻe no ka metastasis. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia mau huaʻōlelo:

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai metastatic
• Ka maʻi kanesa o ke kahua IV (4)
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai lua
• I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he maʻi ʻaʻai me ka "mets" no ka pōkole.

ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka inoa, ua like nō ia manaʻo.

He aha nā ʻano maʻi kanesa e laha ana (metastasize) e like me kēia?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i kēlā me kēia ʻano maʻi kanesa ke laha, a i ʻole metastasize, ma kēia ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, me he mea lā e pālahalaha aku ana kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi o nā ʻano maʻi kanesa e metastasize pinepine ʻia:

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā
• Ka maʻi ʻōpū
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate
• ʻO nā maʻi ʻili, ʻoi aku ka melanoma
• Ka maʻi ʻōpū
• Ka maʻi ʻōpū

Mai hopohopo i kēia papa inoa. ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo e laha kēia mau maʻi kanesa āpau inā ulu lākou. Akā, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he hiki i kēia mau ʻano ke hana pēlā.

Ma hea e laha mua ai ke kanesa?

Ke hoʻolaha ka maʻi kanesa, ʻo ke kino e hele mua ai e hoʻoholo pinepine ʻia e ka puʻupuʻu mua , kahi i hoʻomaka mua ai ke kanesa. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, makemake kēlā me kēia ʻano kanesa e laha. Eia kekahi o nā wahi maʻamau kahi e laha ai ke kanesa:

• ʻO nā kelepa adrenal (he mau kelepa liʻiliʻi kēia e kū ana ma luna o ko mākou mau puʻupaʻa)
• Nā iwi
• lolo
• Ake
• Nā māmā
• Nā kikowaena lymph
• ʻO Peritoneum (he membrane lahilahi kēia e uhi ana i nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū)

Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i nā iwi, nā māmā, ke akepaʻa, a me ka lolo. Pēlā nō, hiki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ke laha i ke akepaʻa a me nā māmā.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa metastatic?

ʻAʻole mau ka metastasis e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona nui. I kekahi manawa hiki i nā hunaola kanesa ke laha no nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​makahiki. No laila, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike kekahi poʻe he maʻi kanesa pae IV ko lākou.

Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau i ʻike pinepine ʻia me nā metastases:

• Manaʻo luhi loa, luhi loa
• Nā hou o ka pō
• Ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia

Eia kekahi, hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona ma muli o kahi i loaʻa mua ai ke kanesa a me kahi i laha ai. E noʻonoʻo i kēia:

• Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i ke akepaʻa (metastases akepaʻa) , hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me: ka pehu ʻana, ka ʻōpū nui, ka nalowale o ka makemake, ka manaʻo piha ʻoiai ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi, a me ka jaundice (melemele o nā maka a me ka ʻili).
• Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā iwi (metastases o ka iwi) : Hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻeha o ka iwi a me nā haki maʻalahi.
• Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i ka lolo (metastases o ka lolo) , hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e like me ka poniuniu, ka ʻeha poʻo nui, a me nā hopu ʻana.
• Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā māmā (metastases o ka māmā) , hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e like me ka pōkole o ka hanu a me ka ʻū mau.

He mea nui: ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi kanesa metastatic kou. Hiki ke hana ʻia e nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻomau kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻike ʻana i ke kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.

He aha nā kumu o ka metastasis?

ʻO ka Metastasis kahi hana e hemo ai nā hunaola kanesa mai ka puʻupuʻu mua a hele i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, hele kēia mau hunaola ma o ke kahe koko a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic.

Aia kekahi mau kumu e hiki ke hoʻohuli i ka laha ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa ma kēia ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻoulu i kēia kaʻina hana. Ke noiʻi nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia. Ma ko mākou ʻike, hiki i kēia mau kumu ke:

• He ʻōnaehana pale maʻi nāwaliwali .
• ʻAʻohe o ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo (Hypoxia) .
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka waikawa lactic i loko o ke koko (lactic acidosis) .
• ʻO kekahi mau loli i ke kaʻina hana make o ke kelepona i kapa ʻia ʻo autophagy . (He mau kaʻina hana olaola paʻakikī kēia.)

Kōkua kēia mau mea i nā hunaola kanesa e pakele mai ko lākou puʻupuʻu mua, neʻe i nā wahi hou, a hoʻokumu i nā kolone hou ma laila.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ke kanesa metastatic?

No kekahi poʻe, i ka wā i ʻike mua ʻia ai lākou he maʻi kanesa, aia paha ia i ke kahua metastatic, ʻo ia hoʻi ua laha aku i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino. I kēlā hihia, e ʻike ke kauka i kēia mau metastases i ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua mua a lākou e hana ai.

No kekahi poʻe, hiki ke loaʻa ka metastasis ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ke kanesa mua. ʻO ia ke kumu e paipai pinepine ai nā kauka i nā nānā ʻana ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa. I kēlā manawa, nānā lākou e ʻike inā ua hoʻi hou mai ke kanesa a ua pālahalaha paha.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia e ʻike ai i nā metastases?

Inā kānalua kāu kauka i ka maʻi kanesa metastatic, hiki iā lākou ke hana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hoʻāʻo e hōʻoia iā ia:

• Biopsy: Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi mai kahi wahi kānalua a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo pololei inā he mau hunaola kanesa a me ke ʻano o lākou.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: I kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa, piʻi kekahi mau mea i loko o ke koko (e like me nā māka tumor ). Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i kahi manaʻo pehea e hana ai nā ʻōpū (e like me ke akepaʻa a me nā puʻupaʻa).
• Nā scan iwi: Kōkua kēia i ka ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā iwi.
• CT scan (computed tomography scan): Hiki ke kiʻi i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o loko o ke kino. Kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea e like me nā puʻupuʻu a me nā ulu ʻana.
• MRI (nā kiʻi kiʻi resonance magnetic): Ua like kēia me ka CT scan, akā he mea pono loa ia no ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻiʻo palupalu, e like me ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal.
• ʻIke PET (positron emission tomography scans): Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i ke ʻano o nā hunaola kanesa a me ko lākou wahi i loko o ke kino.
• Ultrasound: Hoʻohana i nā nalu kani e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o loko o ke kino.
• Nā kukuna X-ray:Hoʻohana ʻia ia e nānā i nā mea e like me nā māmā a me nā iwi.

ʻAʻole hana ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua āpau no nā kānaka āpau. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i nā hoʻokolohua e hana ai ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona a me ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ke kanesa metastatic?

ʻO ka mea nui ma ʻaneʻi, ʻoiai ma hea i laha ai ke kanesa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi i hoʻomaka mua ai ke kanesa . No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa i kekahi ke kanesa umauma a ma hope e laha i ke akepaʻa, mālama nā kauka iā ia e like me kā lākou mālama ʻana i ke kanesa umauma. No ka mea, aia i loko o ke akepaʻa nā hunaola kanesa umauma like, ʻaʻole lākou i loli, ʻo ka wahi wale nō i loli.

Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau nui no ke kanesa metastatic:

• Kemoterapi: ʻO kēia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kino i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi ai i nā hunaola kanesa a i ʻole e hoʻōki iā lākou mai ka ulu ʻana. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he mau pila a i ʻole he wai i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kahi aʻa.
• Hoʻōla hormone: ʻO kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa (e like me ka umauma, ka prostate) e hilinaʻi ana i ka hormone. Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hōʻemi ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hana o kēlā mau hormones.
• Immunotherapy: ʻO kēia ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ko mākou kino a kōkua iā ia e hakakā i nā hunaola kanesa.
• Lapaʻau radiation: Hoʻohana i nā kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe e luku i nā hunaola kanesa. Hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kēia i kahi wahi kikoʻī o ke kino.
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia: Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻouka wale i nā loli genetic kikoʻī i nā cell cancer, no laila e hōʻemi lākou i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā cell olakino.

I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko e kāohi i nā hōʻailona i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka metastasis, e like me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha a me ka pale ʻana i nā haki iwi. No ka laʻana, inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi kanesa i ka iwi a ke kumu nei i ka ʻeha, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation therapy a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino e mālama i kēlā wahi.

Hiki ke pale ʻia nā metastasis?

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale loa ʻia ke kanesa mai ka laha ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike mua ʻia ke kanesa , ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o kona laha ʻana, hiki i ka wehe ʻana i ka puʻupuʻu a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau adjuvant ma hope (e like me ka chemotherapy, ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia, a i ʻole ka immunotherapy) ke hōʻemi nui i ka pilikia o ka metastasis ma hope.

Ke noiʻi nei nā loea i nā ala e hoʻōki ai, hoʻolohi, a pale loa paha i ka laha ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa. Akā i kekahi manawa, ʻaʻohe mea pehea ka maikaʻi o kā mākou hana ʻana i nā mea, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo metastasis.

E hoʻomanaʻo pono i kēia: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kanesa metastatic, ʻaʻole ia nou ka hewa.ʻAʻole no ka mea ua hana hewa ʻoe a ʻaʻole paha i hana i kekahi mea. Hōʻike ka noiʻi ʻaʻohe meaʻai kikoʻī e hoʻonui ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa, ʻaʻohe meaʻai kikoʻī e pale ai i ka metastasis.

Inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi kanesa metastatic, he aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai?

E hana pū ana kāu hui lapaʻau me ʻoe i ka wā a ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa. E loaʻa iā ʻoe nā manawa maʻamau a pono ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo koʻikoʻi e pili ana i kou olakino. I kēia manawa, he mea nui e loaʻa ke kākoʻo mai kou ʻohana, nā hoaaloha, a me ka hui lapaʻau .

Ka manaʻolana ola me ka maʻi kanesa metastatic

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ke kanesa metastatic. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa a hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona. Me kekahi mau ʻano kanesa, ʻoiai me nā metastases, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola no nā makahiki he nui . Eia kekahi, hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kekahi mau ʻano kanesa metastatic, e like me ka melanoma a me ke kanesa colon .

Nā helu ola o ke kanesa metastatic

ʻOkoʻa ka helu ola ʻelima makahiki ma muli o ke ʻano o ka metastasis āu e loaʻa ai. No ka laʻana, 9% o ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā metastatic e ola mau ana ma hope o ʻelima mau makahiki. ʻO ke ʻano kēia he 9 mai loko mai o 100 poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā metastatic e ola mau ana ma hope o ʻelima mau makahiki. Pēlā nō, 30% o nā wahine a me 19% o nā kāne me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma metastatic e ola mau ana ma hope o ʻelima mau makahiki.

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo: He mau kuhi maʻamau wale nō kēia mau helu ola. ʻAʻole lākou e haʻi pololei iā ʻoe pehea ʻoe e pane ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole pehea kou lōʻihi e ola ai. E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā helu ola e pili ana i kou kūlana.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho?

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa metastatic e hele mai me kāna mau pilikia ponoʻī. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia mau pilikia mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea e like me:

• Nā manaʻo e like me ke kaumaha, ka huhū, a me ka hoka.
• Ke makaʻu nei au e holomua ana ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole e ʻoi koke ka maʻi kanesa.
• He mea luhi ke ʻike mau i nā kauka a me ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻoholo koʻikoʻi.
• Ke pono nei ke kōkua me nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā.
• Ka hoka no ke kumukūʻai o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki i ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kākāʻōlelo a i ʻole ka mea hana kaiaulu ke kōkua nui i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia mau manaʻo paʻakikī. Eia kekahi, he mea nui loa ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke kaumaha . E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā mea e like me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ka noʻonoʻo pono ʻana, a i ʻole e ʻimi i nā ala ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi ai i ke kaumaha.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i kaʻu kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona hou,Pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio koke me kāu kauka. Hiki i kāu hui mālama maʻi kanesa ke hoʻololi i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau e kūpono i kāu mau pono.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

ʻO ka ʻike i kou kūlana e kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo naʻauao. Eia kekahi mau nīnau hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka:

• Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iaʻu ke hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i koʻu kūlana?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa iaʻu?
• Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e hiki iaʻu ke komo?
• ʻOiai inā e hoʻōki wau i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, e hoʻomau anei wau i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mālama palliative ? (ʻO ka mālama palliative ka mālama e kaohi i nā hōʻailona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola)
• ʻEhia pinepine e pono ai iaʻu e hele mai no nā hoʻokolohua maʻi?
• Pono anei au e noʻonoʻo i ka mālama hospice ?
• Inā ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoholo i nā hoʻoholo, pono anei iaʻu ke koho i kekahi e hana i nā hoʻoholo lapaʻau noʻu i kēia manawa?
• He aha nā palapala kānāwai e pono ai iaʻu e hoʻomākaukau?
• Hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi mai iaʻu e pili ana i nā kumuwaiwai e hiki ke kōkua iaʻu e hoʻomanawanui i kēia maʻi?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana ua laha ka maʻi kanesa mai kona wahi mua i kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, a i ʻole ua metastasized , hiki ke lilo i kekahi o nā ʻike weliweli loa e hiki i ke kanaka ke kū i ko lākou ola. Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me kēia, he mea maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano manaʻo paʻakikī e holo ana i loko o kou manaʻo.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla piha ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi kanesa metastatic, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻoluʻolu i kāu mau hōʻailona a hoʻolōʻihi i kou ola . No laila, mai hoʻokuʻu i ka manaʻolana.

E noi i kāu kauka no ka ʻike hou aku a e ʻike i kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ke kōkua. Inā hiki, e hui pū me kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi kanesa ma kou wahi. ʻO ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hele nei i nā mea like me ʻoe e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu e pili ana iā ʻoe iho i kēia huakaʻi. E hoʻomanaʻo mau ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi.

ʻO ke kanesa, metastasis, laha ʻana o ke kanesa, nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa, ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa, ke kanesa pae IV, ka ho'ōla ʻana i ke kanesa