Ua lohe paha ʻoe aia i kēia manawa nā lāʻau lapaʻau holomua loa no nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ke kanesa a me ka ʻāʻī. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻike kupaianaha i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e noho ana i kahi wahi koʻikoʻi loa i waena o ia mau lāʻau lapaʻau holomua. ʻO ia hoʻi ʻo "Monoclonal Antibodies". ʻOiai ke ʻano paʻakikī iki ka inoa, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia kāna hana.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia mau Monoclonal Antibodies?
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, pono mua kākou e aʻo e pili ana i nā " antibodies " i loko o ko kākou kino. He mau koa kūikawā nā antibodies i loko o kā kākou ʻōnaehana pale. Ke komo mai kahi mea ʻē (kapa mākou iā lākou he antigens ) e like me kahi germ e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi a i ʻole kahi cell cancer i loko o ko kākou kino, hele kēia mau antibodies e ʻike i ka ʻenemi, hopu iā ia, a hoʻomaka e luku iā ia.
E noʻonoʻo inā hiki iā kākou ke hana i kēia mau koa akamai like i loko o ko kākou kino, me nā tausani hou aʻe, i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua? ʻO ia ke ʻano o nā antibodies monoclonal . He mau antibodies artificial kēia i hana ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ke ʻano o "Mono" ʻo ia hoʻi "hoʻokahi." ʻO "Clonal" ʻo ia hoʻi "clone." ʻO ia hoʻi, he mau tausani kope pololei kēia o kahi antibody hoʻokahi. Ua like kēlā me kēia kope. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e kuhikuhi a hoʻouka i ka antigen like. Inā ʻoe e nānā i ka ʻōmole lāʻau a kāu kauka i hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe, e pau ka inoa o kēia ʻano lāʻau me nā leka "-mab" (e.g. Trastuzumab, Adalimumab).
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā antibodies Monoclonal a me Polyclonal?
Aia kēia ʻokoʻa ma nā inoa. ʻO "Mono" ke ʻano o hoʻokahi, a ʻo "poly" ke ʻano o kekahi mau. E noʻonoʻo he hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano ʻenemi āu. Hana nā Monoclonal Antibodies e like me ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi commando i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā ʻia hiki ke hoʻouka wale i kēlā ʻenemi.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua like nā Polyclonal Antibodies me kahi pūʻali koa o nā koa me nā hiki like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻouka i nā ʻano ʻenemi like ʻole. Ua like kēia me nā antibodies a ko mākou kino e hana maoli ai, i hana ʻia me nā cell antibody like ʻole, a hiki ke hoʻouka i nā ʻano ʻenemi he nui (antigen).
| ʻAno | Nā Antibodies Monoclonal | Nā Antibodies Polyclonal |
|---|---|---|
| Hana ʻana | Nā clones mai ka cell antibody like | Mai nā pūnaewele antibody like ʻole |
| Pahuhopu | Hoʻokahi wale nō antigen kikoʻī | Hiki ke hoʻouka i kekahi mau ʻenemi like ʻole (antigens) |
| Hoʻohana | No ka mālama ʻana i kuhikuhi ʻia a me ka hōʻailona kikoʻī | No nā pane pale maʻamau a me kekahi mau hōʻailona |
He aha nā kūlana i mālama ʻia me kēia ʻano lapaʻau?
He mea hana kupaianaha maoli nā antibodies monoclonal i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, mai ka pahu hoʻāʻo hāpai hāpai āu e hoʻohana ai ma ka home a hiki i nā ʻano maʻi kanesa koʻikoʻi loa.
Aia ma lalo iho kekahi o nā kūlana e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai kēia ʻano lapaʻau.
| Māhele maʻi | Nā Laʻana |
|---|---|
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai | Ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona, ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, ka leukemia |
| Nā maʻi mumū a me nā maʻi Autoimmune | ʻO ka Rheumatoid Arthritis, ka maʻi Crohn, Psoriasis, nā maʻi ʻaleka |
| Nā maʻi | Nā maʻi viral e like me COVID-19, ka maʻi RSV |
| Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe | ʻO ka Osteoporosis, migraines, cholesterol kiʻekiʻe, kekahi mau maʻi maka, a me ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻole ʻana o ke kino |
Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO ka hapa pinepine, hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau antibody monoclonal ma ke ʻano he wai i loko o kahi aʻa (intravenous - IV infusion) . E like me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka saline. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ma kahi ʻāpana kūikawā (infusion center) o kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke keʻena lapaʻau.
Ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe no ka manawa mua, e makaʻala loa nā limahana lapaʻau iā ʻoe. No ka mea i kekahi manawa hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi alerine koʻikoʻi, e noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hele pū me ʻoe no ka manawa mua.
Loaʻa kekahi mau antibodies monoclonal ma ke ʻano he injection subcutaneous . I kēlā mau hihia, e aʻo aku kahi kahu maʻi iā ʻoe pehea e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe iho i ka injection.
ʻO kekahi o nā pono nui o kēia ʻano lapaʻau, ʻo ia ka hiki ke kuhikuhi wale i nā ʻāpana maʻi, e hōʻemi ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻāpana olakino. Ua like kēia me ka ʻike ʻana i kahi ʻenemi hoʻokahi ma kahi piha kanaka a hopu iā ia me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
He aha nā pono a me nā pilikia?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, aia kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana. Akā, mai hopohopo, e hoʻomaopopo kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēia mau mea a pau a e lawe i nā hana palekana e pono ai.
- Nā Hana Hoʻokomo: ʻO kēia ka hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau. ʻO ia hoʻi kahi hopena e kū mai ana i ka wā a i ʻole ma hope koke iho o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau i ke kino. Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me ka ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili, ke kuni, ke anu, ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka hou ʻana, a me nā loli o ke koko. Hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia kēia mau mea ma ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā manawa e like me kēia.
- Nā hopena aleri koʻikoʻi: He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia, akā hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. No ka laʻana , ʻo ka anaphylaxis kahi hopena aleri koʻikoʻi a koke.
- ʻO ka Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS): ʻIke ʻia hoʻi he 'cytokine storm', ʻo ia ka wā e hoʻoulu nui ʻia ai ka ʻōnaehana pale a hoʻomaka e hōʻino i nā ʻōkana o ke kino.
- Nā pilikia ʻē aʻe: Pili kekahi mau pilikia i ka maʻi e mālama ʻia nei. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa ma muli o ka Tumor Lysis Syndrome, hiki ke hana ʻia i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa.
ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka hihia, ʻo ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka nānā pono ʻana o ke kauka. No laila, inā kū mai kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē, pono e hoʻomaopopo koke ʻia ke limahana lapaʻau.
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻOkoʻa ka manawa e pono ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau e komo i loko o kou kino (manawa hoʻokomo). Hiki ke hala ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola, a laila hiki ke mālama ʻia ʻoe no kekahi hola ʻē aʻe.
Ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe luhi a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i ka hana e like me ka maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau mea a pau ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka, ka mea ʻike maikaʻi loa i kou kūlana a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.
Inā ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau monoclonal antibody, ʻo kou kuleana ia e nīnau i kāu kauka i nā nīnau, hopohopo, a kānalua paha āu e pili ana i ia mea.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He mau antibodies hana ʻia nā monoclonal antibodies i hana ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua. Kōkua lākou i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī.
- Ma muli o ke kuhikuhi ʻia ʻana o kēia mau mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao ma mua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna.
- Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e mālama i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, me ke kanesa, ka ʻāʻī, ka migraines, a me COVID-19.
- Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he infusion o ka saline i loko o kahi aa. He mea maʻamau nā hopena (infusion reactions) i kēia manawa, akā inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e kelepona koke aku i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka Emergency Department (ETU).
- E kamaʻilio mau me kāu kauka e hoʻoholo ai inā kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe a no ka ʻike hou aku.
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