Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa e kahe ana ke koko i loko o kou mimi? A i ʻole he ʻeha a wela paha kou mimi ʻana? Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka ma muli o kekahi mea e like me kēia, ua noi paha ʻo ia iā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua i kapa ʻia ʻo "Urine Cytology." Makaʻu iki kekahi poʻe ke lohe lākou i kēia inoa, no ka mea ke noʻonoʻo nei lākou i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokolohua a me nā hopena. Akā, ʻaʻohe kumu e makaʻu ai. He mea maʻalahi loa ia. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia hoʻokolohua Urine Cytology, no ke aha i hana ʻia ai, a me nā mea hiki iā kākou ke aʻo mai ia mea.
He aha ka Urine Cytology ma ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi?
ʻAe, e nānā mua kākou i ke ʻano o kēia inoa. ʻO Cytology ke aʻo ʻana i nā cell i loko o ko kākou kino. ʻOi aku ka pololei, ʻo ia ke aʻo ʻana i ke ʻano, ka nui, a me nā ʻokoʻa o nā cell ma ka nānā ʻana iā lākou ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻO Urine Cytology ke aʻo ʻana i nā cell i loko o kahi hāpana o kāu mimi ma kēia ʻano.
Hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo e ke kauka loea i ka cytology . Kāhea mākou iā lākou he Cytopathologists. Nānā lākou i nā pūnaewele i loko o kāu hāpana mimi ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau mea ʻē, nā pūnaewele maʻi kanesa, a i ʻole nā pūnaewele e hiki ke lilo i maʻi kanesa.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like ia me kahi mākaʻi e ʻimi nei i kekahi mau "pūnaewele maikaʻi ʻole" e peʻe ana i waena o nā pūnaewele i loko o kāu hāpana mimi.
He aha ka mea e hiki ai i kēia hoʻokolohua ke loaʻa?
ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻo ia ka ʻike mua ʻana i nā maʻi kanesa o ke ala mimi. Hoʻohana nui nā kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo ke kānalua lākou i kēia mau ʻano maʻi kanesa:
- Ka maʻi ʻōpū mimi: ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻi ʻōpū i ʻike pinepine ʻia.
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ureter: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o nā ʻōmole lahilahi e lawe ana i ka mimi mai nā puʻupaʻa a i ka ʻōpū mimi.
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka urethra: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōmole e lawe ana i ka mimi mai ka ʻōpū mimi a i waho o ke kino.
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻupaʻa: Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai puʻupaʻa me kēia hoʻāʻo.
Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau maʻi kanesa, hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke ʻike i kekahi mau maʻi viral, e like me ka cytomegalovirus.
He like anei ka Urine Cytology a me ka Urinalysis?
ʻAʻole. ʻO kēia kahi e huikau ai ka poʻe he nui. ʻO ka Urine Cytology a me ka Urinalysis (ka mea a mākou e kapa pinepine ai he 'urine report') he ʻelua mau hoʻokolohua like ʻole. ʻOiai ʻelua e hoʻohana i kahi hāpana o kāu mimi, ʻokoʻa loa kā lākou mau kumu.
E nānā kākou i kēia papa e hoʻomaopopo pono ai i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua.
| ʻO ke kiko | Hoʻāʻo Cytology Mimi | Urinalysis (hoʻāʻo mimi maʻamau) |
|---|---|---|
| Pahuhopu nui | Ka ʻike pololei ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole nā hunaola ʻē i loko o kahi hāpana mimi. | Ke nānā ʻana i ke kūlana holoʻokoʻa o ka mimi. Eia kekahi laʻana, ke kiʻi ʻana i nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā maʻi (UTI), nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, ka maʻi diabetes, a pēlā aku. |
| He aha kāu e nānā nei? | Nānā hohonu ʻia nā mea e like me ke ʻano, ka nui, a me ka nucleus o nā cell ma lalo o kahi microscope. | Nānā ʻia ka mimi no ke kala, ka mōakāka, ke kō (glucose), ka protein, nā hunaola koko, a me nā hunaola pus. |
| ʻO wai ka mea hana? | He kauka loea i ka cytology (Cytopathologist). | Hana pinepine ʻia e kahi ʻenehana hoʻokolohua. |
| Āhea ʻoe e hana ai? | Aia wale nō ke kānalua kikoʻī no ka maʻi kanesa. | Hana pinepine ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he nānā olakino maʻamau a i ʻole ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona. |
Ke maopopo nei iā ʻoe ka ʻokoʻa i kēia manawa? He hoʻāʻo maʻamau ka Urinalysis. He hoʻāʻo kūikawā ka Urine Cytology e ʻimi ana i kahi mea hohonu a kikoʻī hoʻi.
No ke aha e noi ai ke kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kēia hoʻokolohua?
Aia paha kekahi mau kumu e ʻōlelo ai kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua cytology mimi.
- Koko i loko o ka mimi (Hematuria): ʻO kēia ke kumu nui. Inā he koko i loko o ka mimi, he mea nui loa kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ke kumu.
- ʻEha a wela paha i ka wā e mimi ai: Inā he ʻeha mau a wela paha.
- Nā maʻi ʻōpū mimi pinepine (UTIs): I kekahi manawa, e nānā e ʻike inā aia kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe ma hope o nā maʻi ʻōpū mimi pinepine.
- Hana hou ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa: Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi kanesa o ka ʻōpū ma mua a ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike ai inā ua hoʻi mai ke kanesa.
Akā e hoʻomanaʻo i hoʻokahi mea. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kēia hoʻokolohua nā hunaola kanesa, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ua 100% ʻole ʻoe i ka maʻi kanesa. No laila, paipai nā kauka e hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe (e laʻa, cystoscopy, CT scan) me kēia hoʻokolohua.
Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo a hāʻawi i ka hāpana?
He hana maʻalahi loa kēia, akā aia kekahi mau mea nui e pono e hoʻoponopono.
ʻO ka mea nui e ʻike ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo!
ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. Mai hāʻawi i kāu hāpana mimi mua i ke kakahiaka no kēia hoʻāʻo. ʻO ke kumu, hiki i nā pūnaewele i loko o ka mimi i noho i loko o kou ʻōpū mimi i ka pō a pau ke haki a haki. Hiki i kēia ke paʻakikī i ke kauka ma ka hale hana ke ʻike i nā pūnaewele. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hāpana mimi āu e lawe ai i ka mea mua i ke kakahiaka a laila hāʻawi i kahi hāpana mimi āu e lawe ai i ka lua a i ʻole ke kolu o ka manawa o ka lā.
Pehea e hāʻawi ai i ka hāpana (ʻano hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe)
E hāʻawi ke keʻena hoʻokolohua iā ʻoe i kahi ʻōmole kūikawā (pahu sterile) no kēia. E hāʻawi pū lākou iā ʻoe i ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā ʻūpī. E hahai i kēia mau ʻanuʻu ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka hāpana.
1. E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa: He mea nui loa kēia.
2. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻāpana genital: E hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i ka ʻāpana genital me nā ʻūlū holoi i hāʻawi ʻia e ka lab a i ʻole me ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻO kēia ke pale aku i nā germs mai ka ʻili waho mai ke kau ʻana ma luna o ka hāpana.
3. Hoʻomaka e mimi: ʻO ka mua, e ninini i kekahi mimi i loko o ka lua.
4. E hōʻiliʻili i ka hāpana: A laila, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻōki ʻana e mimi, e paʻa i ka ʻōmole i hāʻawi ʻia e ka lab i ke kahawai mimi a hōʻiliʻili i ka nui e pono ai (ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka ʻōmole).
5. E ninini i ke koena: E wehe i ka ʻōmole a ninini i ke koena o ka mimi i loko o ka lua.
6. E pani pono i ka ʻōmole a hāʻawi aku: E pani pono i ka ʻōmole, mai hoʻopā i loko, a hāʻawi aku i ka lab i ka hikiwawe loa.
I kekahi mau hihia, inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hāʻawi i ka hāpana iā lākou iho a i ʻole no nā kumu ʻē aʻe, pono paha i ke kauka ke hoʻokomo i kahi catheter , kahi ʻōmole lahilahi i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka urethra, e lawe i kahi hāpana mai ka ʻōpū mimi. Eia kekahi, CystoscopyHiki ke lawe ʻia kahi hāpana e like me kēia i ka wā o kahi biopsy ʻōpū mimi (ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻōpū mimi me kahi kāmela).
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ana i kāu hāpana mimi i loko o ka lab?
Ma hope o kou hāʻawi ʻana i ka hāpana, hana ʻia kekahi mau hana i loko o ka lab.
- Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hāpana: ʻO ka mea mua, ua waiho ʻia kāu hāpana mimi i loko o kahi mīkini i kapa ʻia he centrifuge . Hoʻopololei kēia i ka hāpana mimi me ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, e like me ke ʻano o ka mīkini holoi lole e hoʻopololei i nā lole e wehe i ka wai, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā ʻāpana mai ka wai.
- Ke kaha ʻana a me ke kaha ʻana ma luna o kahi paheʻe aniani: A laila hohola ʻia nā ʻāpana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma luna o kahi paheʻe aniani (paheʻe microscope) a kaha ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kala kūikawā (nā ʻili). ʻAe kēia kaha ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā ʻāpana e ʻike maopopo ʻia ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope.
- Hoʻokolokolo microscopic: ʻO kēia kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka Cytopathologist i kāna hana. Hoʻokomo ʻo ia i kēia slide i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma lalo o ka microscope a nānā pono i nā cell pākahi. Hoʻolohe nui ʻo ia inā he mau cell ʻokoʻa mai nā cell maʻamau, he mau ʻano ʻē, a he mau nuclei nui paha.
- Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hōʻike: Ma hope o kēia hoʻokolokolo ʻana, e hoʻomākaukau ke kauka i kahi hōʻike e pili ana i kāna mea i ʻike ai a hoʻouna aku i ke kauka e mālama nei iā ʻoe.
He aha nā mea i loko o ka hōʻike a he aha ko lākou manaʻo?
Aia paha he mau huaʻōlelo like ʻole ma kāu hōʻike. Mai hopohopo ke ʻike ʻoe iā lākou. E wehewehe kāu kauka iā lākou āpau iā ʻoe. Akā e nānā kākou i nā mea e ʻike pinepine ʻia ma kahi hōʻike a me ko lākou mau manaʻo maʻalahi.
| He aha nā mea hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hōʻike | Manaʻo maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Hāpana kūpono ʻole | ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lawa nā cell i loko o ka laʻana e hoʻāʻo ai. I ia mau hihia, pono paha ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi laʻana ʻē aʻe. |
| Maikaʻi ʻole no ka carcinoma urothelial kiʻekiʻe | He nūhou maikaʻi kēia. ʻAʻohe mau hunaola kanesa a i ʻole nā hunaola kānalua i loaʻa i loko o ka hāpana. |
| Nā pūnaewele urothelial atypical | Aia kekahi mau pūnaewele ʻē i loko o ka hāpana, akā ʻaʻole i lawa ka loli ʻana e lilo i mau pūnaewele kanesa. Hiki paha kēia ma muli o kahi mea e like me ka maʻi. |
| Kānalua no ka carcinoma urothelial kiʻekiʻe | Loaʻa i nā pūnaewele ʻano ʻē i loaʻa i loko o ka hāpana kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka likelika he mau pūnaewele maʻi kanesa. |
| Maikaʻi no ka carcinoma urothelial kiʻekiʻe | ʻO ia hoʻi, ua loaʻa maoli nā hunaola kanesa i loko o ka hāpana. |
ʻO ka mea nui loa: ʻOiai ka hopena o ka hōʻike Urine Cytology, ʻaʻole ia wale nō e hoʻoholo hope loa inā he maʻi kanesa. ʻOiai inā he 'Atypical' a 'Suspicious' paha ka hopena, e hana maoli kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e like me Cystoscopy a i ʻole CT scan e hōʻoia i ke kūlana. No laila, mai hopohopo ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka hōʻike.
Pehea ka pololei o ka hoʻāʻo cytology mimi?
ʻO ka pololei o kēia hoʻāʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa i ʻike ʻia.
- Nā puʻupuʻu kiʻekiʻe: He mau ʻano maʻi kanesa ulu wikiwiki kēia a huhū. ʻO ka pololei o ka cytology mimi ma kahi o 95% i ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau mea.
- Nā puʻupuʻu haʻahaʻa: He mau ʻano kanesa lohi kēia e ulu ana, ʻaʻole ikaika loa. ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa kēia hoʻāʻo i ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau mea. Hiki i kona pololei ke piʻi mai 10% a 50%. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻoiai inā loaʻa kēlā ʻano kanesa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nalo ʻana i ka hōʻike (wahaheʻe-maikaʻi ʻole).
ʻO kēia ke kumu e hilinaʻi ʻole ai nā kauka i hoʻokahi wale nō hoʻokolohua.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole ka Urine Cytology he hoʻāʻo mimi maʻamau (urinalysis). He hoʻāʻo kūikawā ia e nānā i nā hunaola kanesa a i ʻole nā hunaola ʻē i loko o ka mimi.
- I ka wā e hāʻawi ai i ka hāpana no kēia hoʻāʻo, mai hāʻawi i ka hāpana mimi mua āu e lawe ai i ke kakahiaka.
- ʻOiai ka hopena o ka hoʻāʻo, ʻaʻole ia he hōʻailona hope loa. E kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e hōʻoia i ia.
- He kūpono loa kēia hoʻāʻo no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi kanesa e ulu wikiwiki ana (kiʻekiʻe ke kūlana).
- Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka hōʻike hoʻāʻo a i ʻole nā hana aʻe, mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka. He mea nui loa e kamaʻilio ākea me ia.
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