Nocardiosis: Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kēia bacteria e peʻe ana i ka lepo?

Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe aia nā bacteria e hiki ke hoʻomaʻi iā mākou i loko o ka lepo a mākou e hoʻopā ai a hele ai i kēlā me kēia lā? E kahaha paha ʻoe i ka lohe ʻana i kēia. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi a mākou i lohe ʻole ai no kekahi manawa, akā he mea nui loa ia no nā mea a pau e ʻike. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Nocardiosis i ka ʻepekema lapaʻau. He maʻi kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteria. Mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī a me ka maʻalahi.

He aha ka Nocardiosis? I ka pōkole...

He maʻi ʻo Nocardia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Nocardia. Loaʻa pinepine kēia bacteria i ka lepo a puni mākou, i nā mea palaho, a me ka lepo. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka lepo i loko o ko mākou mau pā hale.

Hoʻopilikia nui kēia maʻi i ko kākou mau māmā, ka ʻili, a i kekahi manawa ka lolo. ʻO ka hapa nui, loaʻa kēia maʻi i ka wā e hanu ai kākou i nā ʻāpana lepo i loaʻa kēia bacteria, a i ʻole ke komo kēia bacteria i ke kino ma o kahi ʻeha ma ka ʻili.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka nocardiosis. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia he mea e loaʻa maʻalahi i nā kānaka a pau. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa ia, ʻoiai hoʻi i ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali, hiki ke make i kekahi manawa. No laila he mea nui loa ka makaʻala i kēia.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi?

He maʻi laha ʻole ka Nocardiosis. No ka laʻana, ma kahi ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika, he 500 a 1000 wale nō hihia i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia kūikawā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia. No ka laʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ma waena o 1% a me 4% o ka poʻe i hana ʻia i kahi hoʻoili puʻuwai a i ʻole kahi hoʻoili māmā e pilikia ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia nocardiosis. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia kēlā mau hihia ma Sri Lanka, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka nocardiosis?

ʻOkoʻa nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi ma muli o kahi o ke kino i loaʻa ai ka maʻi. E nānā kākou i nā hōʻailona nui i ʻike ʻia.

E pili ana i ka māmā (ʻo kēia ka mea maʻamau):

• ʻŪhū (i kekahi manawa me ka phlegm)
• ʻEha umauma
• Ka pōkole o ka hanu (paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana me ka hoʻoikaika iki)
• kuni
• ʻO ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole
• Nā hou o ka pō
• Luhi nui (he manaʻo luhi kēia e hoʻonui ana i kēlā me kēia lā)

Pili i ka ʻili:

• Nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha ma ka ʻili
• Nā puʻupuʻu (nodules) ma lalo o ka ʻili - Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea he ʻulaʻula, poni, a ʻeleʻele paha ma mua o ka ʻili a puni. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻeha i kekahi manawa.

He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻili Nocardia?

E noʻonoʻo he ʻeha liʻiliʻi kou ma kou ʻili a loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi lepo ma luna. Inā komo kēia bacteria Nocardia i laila, e lilo ia i ʻulaʻula, pehu, a malia paha he pehu, a e puka mai ka pus. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi ʻili. No kekahi poʻe, hiki ke ʻeha kēia.

Inā pālahalaha ka maʻi i ka lolo (he ʻano koʻikoʻi kēia):

• ʻEha poʻo (he ʻeha poʻo koʻikoʻi a mau loa)
• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
• Kūlana ola ʻole
• Huikau (nalowale koke ka ʻike, hoʻonāukiuki)
• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi epilepsy (nā hopu ʻana)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoiai inā he nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale kino, he mea nui loa ia e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

He aha ke kumu o ka Nocardiosis?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kumu he bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Nocardia. Noho kēia bacteria i loko o ka lepo ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua.

Pehea e komo ai kēia bacteria i loko o ko kākou kino?

ʻEkolu mau ʻano hana nui:

1. Ma ka hanu ʻana i ka bacteria i loaʻa i ka lepo a i ʻole ka lepo: Ke noho mākou i kahi lepo, hiki i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e loaʻa ana kēia mau bacteria ke komo i loko o ko mākou mau māmā.

2. Ke komo ʻana o nā bacteria ma o kahi ʻoki a i ʻole kahi ʻeha ma ka ʻili: E noʻonoʻo e hana ana ʻoe ma ka māla a loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kākalaioa ma kou lima a i ʻole kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi. Hiki i nā bacteria ke komo i ke kino ma o ka lepo mai kēlā ʻeha. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hana inā pili ka wai lepo a lepo paha i kahi ʻeha e kū nei.

3. Ma o nā lako lapaʻau i haumia i ka wā o ke ʻoki kino (he mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia): ʻAʻole hana pinepine ʻia kēia, no ka mea, ua mālama ʻia nā lako ma nā haukapila i ka maʻemaʻe loa.

He maʻi laha anei kēia mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka?

ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole hiki ke laha ka Nocardiosis mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana, ka lulu lima ʻana, a i ʻole ke kokoke ʻana i kahi mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka Nocardiosis?

Ma keʻano laulā, ʻaʻole maʻi pinepine ke kanaka me kahi ʻōnaehana pale olakino mai ka bacteria Nocardia, ʻoiai inā hanu lākou iā ia a i ʻole e kau ma ko lākou ʻili. ʻO kēia no ka mea ke hakakā nei ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino a luku i ka bacteria.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale maʻi nāwaliwali i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi nāwaliwali ʻo ia hoʻi, ua emi ka hiki o ke kino ke hakakā i nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi.

ʻO nā kūlana nui kahi e hoʻonui ai ka pilikia:

• ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i kahi hoʻoili kino nui: ʻOi aku ka poʻe i loaʻa i kahi hoʻoili māmā a puʻuwai paha (hoʻoili kino paʻa).
• ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i kahi hoʻoili cell stem: ʻoi aku ka poʻe i lawe ʻia nā cell stem mai kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe (allogenic stem cell transplant).
• Nā kānaka e ʻeha nei i ka maʻi kanesa(ʻOi aku hoʻi i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai ke kanesa).
• Nā kānaka me ka maʻi diabetes.
• Nā kānaka i loaʻa i ka maʻi HIV.
• ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi autoimmune a i ʻole ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā immunosuppressants (nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi ana i ka hiki o ko mākou kino ke hakakā i nā maʻi).
• ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi māmā mau loa, no ka laʻana, nā maʻi e like me ka `COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)`.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana mai ka Nocardiosis?

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, hiki ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia. ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia e hiki mai ana:

• Hoʻolaha ka maʻi mai nā māmā a i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino: no ka laʻana, i ka lolo, ke koko, ka ʻili, nā maka, nā puʻupaʻa, nā iwi, a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻiʻo.
• Pneumonia: He maʻi o nā māmā.
• ʻŌpū o ka māmā: He hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka pus i loko o nā māmā e hana ana i puʻupuʻu.
• Sepsis: He pane hoʻoweliweli kēia o ke kino i kahi maʻi, a he mea hoʻonui loa ia i ke ola.
• Ka hemahema o ka hanu ʻana: Ka hōʻino ʻia o ke kaʻina hana hanu ʻana.
• Ka hāʻule ʻana o nā ʻōkana: Ka hāʻule ʻana o nā ʻōkana koʻikoʻi o ke kino.

ʻAʻole loaʻa kēia mau pilikia i nā kānaka a pau, akā, pono e makaʻala loa ka poʻe i loko o nā hui pilikia kiʻekiʻe.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka nocardiosis?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ia ka nānā ʻana i ka bacteria Nocardia i loko o nā hāpana i lawe ʻia mai ke kino. Aia kekahi mau ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia:

• Nā Biopsies o nā ʻeha ʻili: Inā he ʻeha ʻili, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope, a i ʻole e ulu ʻia nā bacteria (hoʻoulu ʻia).
• Nā hāpana sputum: Inā he mau hōʻailona e pili ana i ka maʻi māmā, e hoʻāʻo ʻia ka sputum o ka poʻe.
• ʻO ka holoi ʻana o ka alveolar bronchial: ʻO kēia ke komo ʻana i kahi ʻōmole me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi i loko o nā māmā a lawe i kahi hāpana wai mai laila mai no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
• ʻO ka biopsy mai nā abscesses o ka lolo: Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi i ka lolo a ua hana ʻia kahi abscess, lawe ʻia kahi hāpana mai laila mai.
• Hoʻāʻo PCR: He ʻenehana hou kēia e hiki ai ke ʻike i nā mea genetic mai nā bacteria a hōʻoia i ka maʻi.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi X-ray a i ʻole CT scan e nānā ai no ka maʻi ʻaʻai.Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka nocardiosis?

ʻAe, he maʻi hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kēia, akā pono e ʻike mua ʻia a mālama pono ʻia.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui he mau antibiotics . Hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha mau antibiotics ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi a me ke ʻano o ka bacteria.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau antibiotic no ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa o ka mālama ʻana, e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka. ʻO ka maʻamau, pono ʻoe e lawe i kēia mau lāʻau no ka manawa lōʻihi, ma kahi o 6 a 12 mau mahina . Pono paha kekahi poʻe, ʻoiai ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali loa, e lawe i ka lāʻau no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻOiai inā e emi ana kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​mai hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau a hiki i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai kāu kauka iā ʻoe. A i ʻole, inā ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka hapalua, hiki ke hoʻi hou mai ka maʻi.

I kekahi manawa, inā koʻikoʻi nā pilikia hanu, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen hoʻohui a i ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia kahi ventilator . Inā maʻi nui ʻoe, pono paha ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana.

Kekahi mea e pili ana i ka nui o ka make ...

He mea weliweli paha kēia, akā he mea nui e ʻike. Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi ʻo ka nui o ka make no ka nocardiosis ma waena o 15% a me 40% . I kekahi mau hihia (e.g., nā poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali loa, nā poʻe me nā maʻi lolo), hiki ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe kēia helu. Eia nō naʻe, pili kēia i nā kumu he nui, e like me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, ka nui o ka maʻi, a me ka ʻōnaehana pale o ka mea maʻi. No laila, he mea nui ka ʻike mua a me ka mālama ʻana.

Āhea ʻoe e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona āu e manaʻo nei he mau hōʻailona o ka nocardiosis, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. He mea nui loa kēia inā ʻoe i loko o kekahi o nā hui pilikia i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna (e.g., nā mea loaʻa i ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā kino, nā immunosuppressants, a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi diabetes).

ʻO kekahi mau nīnau hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka:

• He aha kekahi mau mea hiki iaʻu ke hana i kēlā me kēia lā e mālama ai iaʻu iho?
• He aha nā hōʻailona e pono iaʻu e makaʻala?
• Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i ka lumi pilikia?
• Āhea wau e hoʻi hou mai ai no kahi nānā hou aku?
• Pehea e hoʻohana pono ai au i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?

Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ma lalo nei, e hele koke i kahi lumi pilikia:

• ʻEha nui o ka umauma
• Paʻakikī nui ka hanu ʻana
• Ka huikau a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka ʻike
• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi epilepsy (nā hopu ʻana)
• ʻO kahi ʻeha i ho'ōla ʻole ʻia a lilo i mea nui a nui aʻe
• Nā ʻōhū nui a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōhū e ʻike ʻia he ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele, a ʻeleʻele paha ma ka ʻili
• Puka mai kahi wai pilau mai nā pehu

Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai ka nocardiosis?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke pale loa i kēia, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia:

• Inā ʻoe e hana me ka lepo a i ʻole ka lepo (e like me ka māla ʻana, ka mahiʻai ʻana), e ʻaʻahu i nā mīkina lima a me ka pale maka. He mea nui loa kēia no ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā lole e uhi ana i ka ʻili i ka hiki ke pale aku i nā ʻoki a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻeha, ʻoiai ke hana nei ma waho.
• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻoki a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha hāmama ma ka ʻili a uhi iā lākou (e kau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kau i kahi bandage).
• E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima, ʻoiai ma hope o ka hele ʻana mai waho mai a i ʻole ka hana ʻana me ka lepo.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha, e mālama koke. E holoi maikaʻi me ke kopa a me ka wai, a uhi iā ia. Inā hohonu loa ka ʻeha, inā ʻaʻole e pau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a inā paha ua paʻa ka lepo a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka ʻeha a ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

No nā poʻe maʻi hoʻoili lāʻau, kuhikuhi mua nā kauka i nā lāʻau antibiotic e pale aku i kēia ʻano maʻi. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

He maʻi bacteria kakaʻikahi ka nocardiosis, akā i kekahi manawa he make. He mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai kēia maʻi, ʻoiai inā he nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale kino a kokoke paha e loaʻa kahi hoʻoili kino.

Eia kekahi, inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, ​​e mākaukau e ʻike koke iā lākou a e ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hikiwawe loa. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka ʻike ʻana, ʻo ka nui o ka kūleʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Mai hopohopo kākou, e makaʻala, a e hoʻāʻo e noho olakino!

ʻO ka Nocardiosis, ka maʻi bacteria, nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka lepo, Immunology, nā maʻi ʻili, nā maʻi māmā