Ua ʻike anei ʻoe e pili ana i nā iwi liʻiliʻi i loko o kou pepeiao? (Ossicles) E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia mau mea!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e lohe maopopo ai i nā leo a pau? Mahalo kēia i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi loa i loko o ko kākou mau pepeiao. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi he ossicles . ʻO kēia mau ʻekolu o nā iwi liʻiliʻi loa o ko kākou kino. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kikoʻī kākou e pili ana i kēia mau ossicles, kā lākou hana, a me nā pilikia e hiki ai iā lākou ke hana.

He aha nā iwi iwi? Ma hea lākou e kū nei?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻekolu mau iwi liʻiliʻi nā ossicles i loko o kou pepeiao waena . Ua pili pū lākou e like me nā loulou i loko o ke kaulahao. ʻO kēia mau iwi ʻekolu:

1. Malleus: Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo "hāmare" no ka mea ua like kona ʻano me ka hāmare.

2. Incus: Ua kapa ʻia kēia he "anvil". Hana ia e like me kahi anvil i hahau ʻia me ka hāmare.

3. Stapes: ʻO kēia ka iwi liʻiliʻi loa o ko kākou kino. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ia he "strap" no ka mea ua like ia me ke ʻano o ka noho lio.

E noʻonoʻo i ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau iwi ʻekolu! Akā me ka ʻole o lākou, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke lohe pono i kekahi mea. Hoʻomaka kēia kaulahao ossicles ma kou eardrum (tympanic membrane) . He membrane lahilahi ka eardrum ma waena o kou pepeiao waho a me waena. Pau ke kaulahao ossicles ma ka cochlea i loko o kou pepeiao i loko .

Inā ʻoe e hele hohonu iki...

• Malleus: Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi ʻaoʻao o kēia i ka eardrum. Ke haʻalulu ka eardrum, haʻalulu pū ka malleus. Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka malleus i ka incus.
• Incus: Ua like kēia me kahi mea waena ma waena o ka malleus a me nā stapes. ʻO ka hana a ka incus ka loaʻa ʻana o nā haʻalulu mai ka malleus a hoʻouna iā lākou i nā stapes.
• ʻO Stapes: Hoʻopili kēia iwi liʻiliʻi i nā haʻalulu mai ka incus a hoʻokuke iā lākou i kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka puka makani oval , kahi ʻano puka i loko o ke cochlea ma ka pepeiao o loko.

Ke maopopo nei iā ʻoe i kēia manawa ka paʻakikī a me ke koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻano hana liʻiliʻi?

Pehea e hana ai nā iwi iwi? Pehea lākou e kōkua ai iā mākou e lohe i ke kani?

ʻAe, e nānā kākou pehea e kōkua ai kēia mau iwi liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ossicles iā mākou e lohe i ke kani. Ua like ia me kahi hopena kaulahao .

1. ʻO ka mea mua, komo nā nalu kani mai waho i kou pepeiao a paʻi i kou pahu pepeiao. A laila hoʻomaka ka pahu pepeiao e haʻalulu . E like me kāu paʻi ʻana i kahi pahu, haʻalulu ia.

2. Neʻe pū ka iwi malleus , ka mea i pili i ka pahu pepeiao, me ka haʻalulu.

3. Ke neʻe ka malleus, neʻe pū ka iwi incus, ka mea i pili iā ia.

4. ʻO ka mea aʻe, hoʻoili ka incus i kēia haʻalulu i ka iwi stapes .

5. Hoʻokuke ka iwi stapes i kēia haʻalulu i loko o ka puka makani oval o ke cochlea ma ka pepeiao o loko.

ʻO ka mea nui, ke hele nā ​​haʻalulu leo ​​ma o kēia kaulahao o nā iwi ossicles, hoʻonui ʻia lākou. ʻO ia hoʻi, loaʻa i ka cochlea kahi hōʻailona leo ikaika aʻe ma mua o ka hōʻailona leo mai ka eardrum. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai iā mākou ke lohe maopopo i nā leo palupalu.

Aia i loko o ke cochlea kahi wai a me kekahi mau hunaola lauoho koʻikoʻi loa. Hoʻoneʻe nā haʻalulu mai nā stapes i kēia wai, e hoʻoulu ana i nā hunaola lauoho. Hoʻololi kēia mau hunaola lauoho i nā haʻalulu leo ​​i mau hōʻailona uila a hoʻouna iā lākou i ka lolo. Wehewehe ka lolo i kēlā mau hōʻailona a haʻi mai iā mākou, "ʻAuē, he leo kani kēlā."

E noʻonoʻo, hiki koke mai kēia mau mea a pau! Kupaianaha, ʻeā?

He aha nā maʻi a me nā kūlana maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i nā iwi iwi?

Inā he pilikia me kēia mau iwi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole e holo pono nā haʻalulu kani i ka pepeiao o loko, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka lohe conductive . ʻO kekahi mau kūlana e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ossicles:

• Nā ʻano ʻē o ka iwi hānau: He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hānau ʻia kekahi mau pēpē me ka ʻole o ka iwi, me ka ulu pono ʻole ʻana, a i ʻole me ka ulu nui ʻana. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole pili pono kēia mau iwi, a mamao loa paha a hui pū ʻia paha.
• ʻOtosclerosis: ʻO kēia ka wā e paʻa ai kekahi o nā ossicles (ʻo ia hoʻi ka iwi stapes) i nā ʻiʻo a puni a ʻaʻole hiki ke neʻe manuahi, me he mea lā ua paʻa i loko o ke kino make.
• ʻO Cholesteatoma: Ma kēia, hōʻiliʻili nā ʻili i loko o ka pepeiao waena, e hana ana i kahi puʻupuʻu. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻino i nā ossicles a kaupalena i kā lākou neʻe ʻana.
• Nā maʻi pepeiao waena mau loa: Hiki i nā maʻi pepeiao mau ke hoʻoulu i ka pepeiao waena e pehu, piha i ka wai, a hoʻopilikia i ka neʻe ʻana o nā iwi pepeiao. Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia, hiki ke hōʻino mau loa ʻia.
• ʻO ka dislocation o ke kaulahao o ka iwi: Inā he ʻeha nui ke poʻo, hiki ke dislocation a haki paha kēia kaulahao o nā iwi. Pale kēia i ka hoʻoili pono ʻana o nā haʻalulu. Hiki ke haki kēia kaulahao e kekahi mau ulu ʻano ʻē (nā tumors) a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi pepeiao mau.

He aha nā hōʻailona e kū nei ma kēia ʻano?

Inā he pilikia me kou mau iwi lima, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Pau ka lohe ʻana ma kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​pepeiao ʻelua, kuli, a i ʻole ka lohe ʻole ʻana.
• Ke lohe ʻana i kahi leo kani i loko o nā pepeiao (tinnitus) .
• ʻEha pepeiao.
• Ke kahe nei kahi wai e like me ka pehu mai ka pepeiao mai.
• Ka manaʻo kaumaha a piha paha i kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​pepeiao ʻelua.
• Nā pilikia kaulike (me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kūlana i ka ʻōnaehana vestibular i ka pepeiao, nona ke kuleana no ke kaulike).

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka .

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia e ʻike ai inā he pilikia me nā ossicles?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka, e nānā paha ʻo ia i kou pepeiao. Hana pinepine ʻia nā hoʻokolohua penei:

• ʻOtoscopy: Pili kēia i ka nānā ʻana i loko o kou pepeiao me kahi mea liʻiliʻi (he "otoscope") me ke kukui. Hiki i kēia ke nānā i nā mea e like me ka eardrum, ka wai i loko o ka pepeiao waena, a me ka maʻi.
• Nā hoʻāʻo hoʻolohe (Audiometry): Hiki i kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke ʻike i ka maikaʻi o kou lohe ʻana a me nā leo āu e lohe ʻole ai.
• Hoʻāʻo Tympanometry: Ke ana nei kēia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka eardrum a me ke kaomi i loko o ka pepeiao waena, e hāʻawi ana i kahi manaʻo inā he wai i loko o ka pepeiao waena a i ʻole he pilikia me nā ossicles.
• CT scan: I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi CT scan e ʻike maopopo i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā ossicles, ko lākou wahi, a me ke kūlana o nā ʻiʻo a puni.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia mau pilikia e pili ana i ka ossicle?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kūlana āu e loaʻa nei. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau:

• Nā lāʻau antibiotic: Inā loaʻa ka pilikia i kahi maʻi bacteria, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic e mālama ai.
• Nā mea kōkua hoʻolohe: Inā paʻakikī kou lohe ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā mea kōkua hoʻolohe e kōkua iā ʻoe e lohe maikaʻi.
• ʻO ke ʻoki kino: I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha ke ʻoki kino, no ka laʻana e wehe i kahi puʻupuʻu e like me ka cholesteatoma, e hoʻokuʻu i kahi iwi i paʻa i ka hihia o otosclerosis, a i ʻole e hoʻoponopono hou i nā ossicles i haki/neʻe ʻia (ossiculoplasty).

E hoʻomanaʻo, he mea nui loa ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana. E kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka pōʻino mau loa.

Pehea mākou e mālama ai i ke olakino o nā iwi pepeiao o mākou?

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa āu e hiki ai ke mālama i ke olakino o kēia mau iwi pepeiao liʻiliʻi akā makamae loa, ʻo ia ke hana i nā hana e pale ai i nā maʻi pepeiao a e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi loli i kou lohe.

• E pale i ka komo ʻana o ka wai i loko o kou mau pepeiao. E akahele i ka ʻauʻau ʻana a me ka ʻauʻau ʻana.
• I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kou mau pepeiao, mai hoʻokomo i nā mea e like me nā ʻōpuʻu pulupulu i loko o kou mau pepeiao no ka mea hiki ke hōʻino i kou eardrum.
• Ke maʻi ʻoe i ke anu a i ʻole ka maʻi palū, e hōʻoia ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i kou mau pepeiao.
• E hoʻohana i nā pani pepeiao i ka wā ma nā wahi walaʻau nui.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia a ho'ōla ʻia nā ʻano maʻi he nui e pili ana i nā iwi iwi. Eia nō naʻe, inā lohi ka mālama ʻana, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ka lōʻihi. No laila, e ʻike i ke kauka i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe i kahi loli iki loa i kou lohe.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, kekahi mau mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

He mea kupaianaha maoli nā iwi iwi i loko o ko kākou kino. ʻO ka hana nui a kēia mau iwi liʻiliʻi ʻekolu e hana pū ai, ʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai iā kākou ke lohe a hauʻoli i nā leo like ʻole o ke ao nei.

ʻEkolu mau iwi liʻiliʻi o nā ossicles i kapa ʻia ʻo ka malleus, incus, a me stapes. Aia lākou ma ka pepeiao waena a lawe i nā haʻalulu leo ​​mai ka eardrum, hoʻonui iā lākou, a hoʻouna iā lākou i ka cochlea ma ka pepeiao o loko. Ma laila, hoʻololi ʻia nā haʻalulu i mau hōʻailona uila e hele ana i ka lolo, e ʻae ana iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo i ke kani.

No laila, e mālama pono i kou mau pepeiao. Inā he mau pilikia lohe kou, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou a e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. A laila e hoʻomau kēia mau koa liʻiliʻi ʻekolu i ke kōkua iā ʻoe e lohe i nā leo o ke ao nei!

Nā iwi pepeiao, nā iwi iwi, ka malleus, ka incus, nā stapes, ka lohe ʻana, ka pahu pepeiao, ka nalowale o ka lohe, ka pepeiao waena, ka pepeiao o loko, ka cochlea