Ua kuhikuhi anei kāu kauka i ka Phenytoin wai hoʻoheheʻe nou a i ʻole kekahi o kou ʻohana no ka maʻi epilepsy/seizure? He lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi loa kēia a lōʻihi hoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i nā seizure ma Sri Lanka a puni ka honua. No laila, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike pono i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā e hoʻohana ai. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio maʻalahi mākou e pili ana iā ia ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
He aha maoli ka Phenytoin?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka phenytoin kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi ana i ka hana nui o nā hunaola nerve i loko o kou lolo . Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hopu ʻana e ka piʻi koke ʻana o ka hana o nā nerve i loko o ka lolo. No laila, hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i kēlā mau nerve a me ka pale ʻana a me ka kāohi ʻana i ka hopu ʻana. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā kumu lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. E wehewehe kāu kauka i kēia iā ʻoe.
He aha nā mea e pono iaʻu e haʻi aku i ke kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka phenytoin, he mea nui loa ia e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino piha. E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau mea:
- Inā he ʻona waiʻona kou .
- Inā he mamo ʻAsia ʻoe (hiki i kekahi mau kumu hoʻoilina ke hoʻopilikia i kāu pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau).
- Inā he maʻi koko kou a he pilikia paha ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes .
- Inā he maʻi puʻuwai kou a he mau pilikia puʻuwai paha.
- Inā he maʻi puʻupaʻa kou .
- Inā he maʻi kou i ke akepaʻa .
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi laha ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo Porphyria .
- Inā ʻoe e loaʻa ana i ka radiation therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai .
- Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana e hoʻopau i kou ola , ua hoʻāʻo mua ʻoe, a i ʻole he moʻolelo ʻohana kou no ia mea.
- Inā he maʻi thyroid kou.
- Inā he maʻi ʻaleka kou i ka phenytoin a i ʻole kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, meaʻai, a mea hoʻomalu paha.
- Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo nei e hāpai .
- Inā ʻoe e hānai waiū ana i kāu pēpē .
ʻO ka hūnā ʻana i kēia ʻike hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. No laila e kūkākūkā pono i kēia mau mea a pau me kāu kauka.
Pehea e hoʻohana pono ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
No ka mea he lāʻau lapaʻau wai kēia, he mea nui loa ke ana i ka nui kikoʻī.
- E lulu maikaʻi: Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōmole lāʻau.E lūlū maikaʻi mau, no ka mea, hiki i nā ʻāpana lāʻau lapaʻau ke noho i lalo o ka ʻōmole.
- Ana pololei: E hoʻohana wale i ke kīʻaha ana kūikawā, syringe, a i ʻole syringe/puna/mea hoʻoheheʻe waha i hāʻawi ʻia e kāu kauka a hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau paha e ana i kāu lāʻau. Mai ana me nā punetēpē a i ʻole nā punetēpē o ka hale. ʻAʻole pololei lākou.
- I ka manawa kūpono: E ho'āʻo e lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā. E kōkua kēia i ka mālama ʻana i nā pae o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kou koko.
- Me ka meaʻai a me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai: Hiki ke lawe ʻia kēia ma mua a ma hope paha o ka ʻai ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻeha kou ʻōpū, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana me ka meaʻai .
- Mai ho'ōki: Mai ho'ōki koke i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke ʻole ke kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ka ʻeha.
Inā ʻoe e hāʻawi ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā keiki, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā kuhikuhi kūikawā.
Auē! Pehea inā lawe nui wau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau? (Overdose)
Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua o kou manaʻo, mai hoʻokaʻulua .
E hele koke i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) kokoke loa i ka haukapila. Eia kekahi, inā hiki, e kelepona i ke National Poisons Information Centre ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo no ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. He mea nui loa kēia.
He aha kāu e hana ai inā e poina ʻoe i kahi mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
Inā poina iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi lāʻau, e lawe koke i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoe. Eia nō naʻe, inā kokoke ka manawa no kāu lāʻau aʻe, e kāpae i ka lāʻau i hala ʻole a lawe i kāu lāʻau aʻe i ka manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia . Mai lawe pālua i ka lāʻau .
Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i kūlike ʻole me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau? (Nā Hana Pilikino Lāʻau Lapaʻau)
ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. He lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Phenytoin e hiki ke launa pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe he nui. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka pono o ka phenytoin, hoʻonui ʻia, a i ʻole e hoʻonui ʻia nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai (me nā huaora, nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau, a me nā mea hoʻohui) . Aia ma lalo iho kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ai ke hoʻopilikia i ka phenytoin.
- ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau antiviral (nā mea i hāʻawi ʻia no ka maʻi HIV a i ʻole Hepatitis)
- Nā lāʻau antifungal (e.g. `(fluconazole)`, `(ketoconazole)`)
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe (e.g., carbamazepine, valproic acid)
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale ai i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko (e like me warfarin, aspirin)
- Nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa cholesterol (e.g., atorvastatin, simvastatin)
- Lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka hopohopo
- Nā lāʻau antibiotic (e.g. `(doxycycline)`, `(chloramphenicol)`)
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka ʻeha ʻōpū/gastritis (e.g. antacids, omeprazole)
- Nā lāʻau hoʻomalu hānau me nā hormones
- Nā ʻano steroid (e.g. `(prednisone)`)
- ʻAila
ʻAʻole i piha kēia papa inoa, no laila ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka haʻi ʻana i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai.
Nā mea e makaʻala nui ai i ka wā e lawe ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
- Nā nānā mau ʻana: E noi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau. E nānā kēia i ka pae o ka phenytoin i loko o kou koko a hoʻoholo inā pono e hoʻonui ʻia a hoʻemi ʻia paha ka nui o ka lāʻau. Mai haʻalele i kēia mau hoʻāʻo.
- Nā hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi: Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa i nā hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi i kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. E haʻi koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuni, ʻeha kino, ʻulaʻula a poni paha ka ʻili, nā pehu, a i ʻole nā ʻeha i loko o kou waha, ka pehu ʻana o kou maka a i ʻole nā lehelehe, a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula ma kou ʻāʻī a i ʻole nā armpits .
- Ka hiamoe a me ka poniuniu: Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻoulu i ka hiamoe a me ka poniuniu. No laila , mai hoʻokele a hoʻohana paha i nā mīkini a hiki i ka wā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai kou kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E makaʻala i ke ala koke ʻana mai kahi noho ʻana, ʻoiai inā he ʻelemakule ʻoe.
- Nā lāʻau hoʻomalu hānau: ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka phenytoin e hōʻemi paha i ka pono o nā lāʻau hoʻomalu hānau. No laila, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻolālā e loaʻa kahi pēpē, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi ʻano lāʻau hoʻomalu hānau ʻē aʻe (e laʻa, condoms).
- Pehu ʻāʻī: He hopena maʻamau kēia o ka phenytoin. Hiki i nā ʻāʻī ke ulu ma ke ʻano ʻē. No laila e palaki pono i kou mau niho i kēlā me kēia lā a e ʻike pinepine i kāu kauka niho .
- Nā hemahema o ka wikamina: ʻO ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hana i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka wikamina D a me ka waikawa folic. No laila, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana i kahi meaʻai momona a me ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui wikamina inā pono.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai ana ma muli o ka lāʻau lapaʻau
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i ka phenytoin ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. He koʻikoʻi kekahi o lākou, he mea maʻamau kekahi.
| Ka hopena ʻaoʻao | Ka wehewehe a me nā mea e hana ai |
|---|---|
| Nā mea e hōʻike koke aku ai i ke kauka a i ʻole ETU | |
| Nā maʻi ʻaleʻale koʻikoʻi | ʻŌhūhū ʻili, maneʻo, pehu o ka maka/lehelehe/alelo, paʻakikī ke hanu. |
| Nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino ʻana o ke akepaʻa | ʻEha ma ka ʻōpū ʻākau o luna, nalowale ka makemake e ʻai, nausea, melemele o nā maka/ʻili, mimi ʻeleʻele. |
| Nā maʻi ʻili koʻikoʻi | ʻO ke kuni, hele pū me nā pehu ʻulaʻula/poni ma ka ʻili, ka ʻili ʻili, a me nā ʻeha waha. |
| Nā Hōʻailona o ka ʻAi ʻana o ka Phenytoin (Toxicity) | Nā neʻe ʻana o nā maka i kāohi ʻole ʻia, paʻakikī i ka hele wāwae (nalowale ke kaulike), paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo ʻana, hiamoe nui, nausea/luaʻi. |
| Nā loli noʻonoʻo | Nā manaʻo no ke pepehi kanaka, hoʻonui ʻia ke kaumaha. |
| Ke kahe koko ʻano ʻē | ʻO ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole ka palapū o ka ʻili me ke kumu ʻole. |
| Nā mea e haʻi aku ai i kāu kauka inā hoʻomau a hoʻopilikia paha lākou | |
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau | Hiamoe, poniuniu, ʻeha poʻo, paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana. |
Leka Lawe-Home
- He lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi ka Phenytoin e kaohi ai i nā ʻōhū. E lawe e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka iā ʻoe, ma ke ana kūpono, i ka manawa kūpono.
- Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i kou mau kūlana olakino a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei.
- E pale i nā hana weliweli i ka wā e lawe ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mea hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hiamoe a me ka poniuniu. E pale loa i ka waiʻona.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena koʻikoʻi e like me nā ʻeha ʻili nui, nā ʻeha waha, ka melemele o nā maka, a i ʻole ka hiamoe nui, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
- Mai ho'ōki koke i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻololi paha i ka dosage me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana a kāu kauka.
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