Ke paʻa nei kāu keiki liʻiliʻi i ka haʻi ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo? E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka Phonological Disorder!

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe ʻaʻole pololei ka haʻi ʻana o kāu keiki liʻiliʻi i kekahi mau huaʻōlelo i ka wā e ʻōlelo ai lākou? Malia paha ke ʻōlelo nei lākou i hoʻokahi leka ma kahi o kekahi, a i ʻole ke ʻōlelo nei lākou i kahi huaʻōlelo me ka hoʻomaka a i ʻole ka hopena o ka leka i haʻalele ʻia. He mea maʻamau no nā keiki ke hana i kēia mau hewa liʻiliʻi i ka wā e aʻo ana lākou i kahi ʻōlelo. Eia nō naʻe, no kekahi mau keiki, hiki i kēia mau ʻano ʻōlelo ke hoʻomau ma mua o ka makahiki i manaʻo ʻia (ma kahi o 3 a 4 paha mau makahiki). I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kekahi o ia ʻano kūlana.

He aha kēia maʻi phonological?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano maʻi leo ʻōlelo ka maʻi phonological . He paʻakikī i nā keiki me kēia ʻano ke hoʻonohonoho i ka ʻōlelo, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā leo e hana i nā huaʻōlelo a mākou e ʻōlelo ai. E noʻonoʻo he mau leka (leo) kāu e hana ai i nā huaʻōlelo, akā he pilikia kou e hoʻohui iā lākou e hana i kahi huaʻōlelo.

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, ua like anei kēia me kekahi mau keiki e haʻi ana i ka leka "s" e like me ka leka "th"? Ua kapa ʻia kēlā he Articulation Disorder . ʻO ia ka wā e paʻakikī ai ke keiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waha, ke alelo, a me nā lehelehe e hana i ke kani kūpono. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kahi Phonological Disorder, hiki i ke keiki ke hana i nā leo, akā hiki mai ka pilikia ke hoʻohui ʻia kēlā mau leo, hoʻonohonoho ʻia, a hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā huaʻōlelo.

Eia kekahi laʻana, ua hana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "bole" me nā leo "bo" a me "le". Hiki i kahi keiki me kahi maʻi phonological ke ʻōlelo "bobo" ma kahi o "bole", a i ʻole e ʻōlelo wale paha "le".

ʻO ka maʻamau, hana nā keiki ʻōpio i kēia ʻano hewa i ka wā e aʻo ana lākou i ka ʻōlelo. Akā i ka makahiki 3 a 4 paha, e nalowale loa kēia mau hewa. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa i kahi keiki kahi maʻi phonological, hiki ke hoʻomau kēia mau ʻano ʻōlelo hewa ma hope o kēlā makahiki.

I kekahi manawa hiki ke kū kēia ʻano ma kāna iho. A i ʻole hiki ke kū me nā pilikia aʻo e like me ka dyslexia . ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka dyslexia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo e loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau me ka maʻi phonological ka dyslexia, ʻaʻole hoʻi ia manaʻo e loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau me ka dyslexia.

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka Phonological Disorder hiki ke mālama pono ʻia ma ka hana pū ʻana me kahi Speech-Language Pathologist . Hiki i kekahi mau hihia maʻalahi ke hoʻomaikaʻi iā lākou iho i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ma kahi o 6 mau makahiki.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻo "phonological processing disorders" a me "phonological speech disorders."

He aha nā ʻano nui o nā maʻi phonological?

ʻElua ʻano nui o kēia:

1.Ka Maʻi Phonological Mau Loa: I kēia hihia, hana hou kāu keiki i ka hewa ʻōlelo like. ʻO ke ʻano kēia hiki iā mākou ke wānana mua i ka hewa.

• Eia kekahi laʻana, malia paha hoʻohana mau ʻo ia i ke kani "da" ma kahi o ke kani "ga" (e like me "dedara" ma kahi o "gedara").
• A i ʻole, ua wehe ʻia ka leo mua o kahi huaʻōlelo a haʻi ʻia (e like me "at" ke ʻōlelo ʻoe "cat", "ag" ke ʻōlelo ʻoe "tag"). Ma Sinhala, ua haʻi ʻia ʻo "kaputa" e like me "aputa".

2. Ka maʻi phonological kūlike ʻole: Ma kēia, haʻi ke keiki i ka huaʻōlelo hoʻokahi ma ke ʻano ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia manawa.

• Eia kekahi laʻana, i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e ʻōlelo i ka huaʻōlelo "ʻīlio," hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo "palla" i hoʻokahi manawa, "nalla" i kekahi manawa ʻē aʻe, a "kalla" i kekahi manawa ʻē aʻe.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano?

Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ma waena o 8% a me 9% o nā keiki ʻōpio ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa kekahi ʻano maʻi leo ʻōlelo. Hoʻokomo pū kēia i ka Articulation Disorder a me ka Phonological Disorder.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi phonological?

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. Loaʻa i nā keiki me nā maʻi phonological kā lākou mau ʻano ʻōlelo ponoʻī.

Eia kekahi o nā hōʻailona maʻamau:

• Hoʻololi kekahi mau leo ​​​​​​konsonante i ko lākou mau leo. No ka laʻana, ua haʻi ʻia ʻo "ka" ma kahi o "ta" (e like me "kopi" ma kahi o "topi").
• Hiki ke paʻakikī ke haʻi ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo multisyllabic, ʻo ia hoʻi nā huaʻōlelo me nā syllables he nui. Hiki ke huikau ka ʻōlelo ʻana i kahi huaʻōlelo e like me "train".
• Hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi leo consonant. No ka laʻana, ma kahi o "school", ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo "kola".
• Hoʻokahi wale nō silapa o ka huaʻōlelo ʻelua silapa i haʻi ʻia. E like me "puwa" a i ʻole "tuwa" ma kahi o "putuwa".
• Ke hana hou ʻana i ka sila like e hoʻomaʻalahi i kahi huaʻōlelo. Eia kekahi laʻana, "baba" ma kahi o "baba". (He mea maʻamau kēia i ka wā ʻōpiopio loa, akā inā hoʻomau ia, pono ʻoe e makaʻala).

He aha nā kumu o ka maʻi Phonological?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maopopo i nā kauka ke kumu e loaʻa ai i kekahi mau keiki ke kūlana a ʻaʻole kekahi. ʻAʻole lākou e loaʻa mau i kahi kumu maopopo. Manaʻo lākou he hui pū ʻana o nā kumu genetic a me ke kaiapuni .

He aha nā kumu pilikia?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole maopopo nā kumu kikoʻī, aia kekahi mau mea pilikia e hoʻonui ai i ka manawa e loaʻa ai i kāu keiki kahi maʻi phonological. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana nā pilikia leo ʻōlelo ma mua.
• Inā he mau lohi o ka ulu ʻana .
• Inā he mau ʻokoʻa hoʻoilina e hoʻopilikia ai i ka ʻōlelo a me ka ʻōlelo.
• ʻO ka nalowale o ka lohe , ʻo ia hoʻi, inā he hemahema o ka lohe.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi neurological .

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia ka Phonological Disorder?

Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia kēia maʻi, hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau pilikia. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Kū mai nā pilikia hoʻonaʻauao.
• Ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana.
• Ka lohi o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōlelo.
• Ka paʻakikī o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• Nā mākau heluhelu maikaʻi ʻole.
• Pilikia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻōlelo.

E noʻonoʻo wale, inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia i ka wā ʻōpiopio, hiki i kēia keiki ke paʻakikī i ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā hoaaloha, ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo a ke kumu, a me ka heluhelu ʻana i nā puke i ko lākou hele ʻana i ke kula. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi i ko lākou hilinaʻi a keakea i kā lākou aʻo ʻana.

Pehea e ʻike ai i kahi maʻi phonological?

No ka ʻike ʻana i kēia, pono e loiloi ʻia kāu keiki e kahi Kauka ʻŌlelo . I loko o kēia loiloi, hiki i ka mea hoʻoponopono ke noi i kāu keiki e hana i nā mea e like me:

• E ʻōlelo mai i kekahi mau huaʻōlelo.
• E heluhelu leo ​​nui.
• E hana hou i kekahi mau huaʻōlelo.

ʻO kēia hoʻāʻo ʻōlelo e hiki ai i ke kauka ke kāpae i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e like me ka nalowale o ka lohe, nā kūlana neurological, a i ʻole ke kīnā o ka noʻonoʻo.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai kēia?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻōlelo e mālama i nā maʻi phonological. E hoʻomohala kahi mea lapaʻau ʻōlelo a me ka ʻōlelo i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau i hoʻopilikino ʻia i nā pono kikoʻī o kāu keiki.

ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ke "wehe" i nā ʻano leo i aʻo hewa ʻia e ke keiki i ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo, a e aʻo i nā ʻano kūpono. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻohana ka mea lapaʻau i nā hana like ʻole e pili ana i ka hoʻolohe ʻana a me ka ʻōlelo ʻana. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Nā hana noʻeau a me nā hana lima, e like me ke kaha kiʻi a me ke kala ʻana.
• Ke pāʻani nei i nā pāʻani papa.
• Ke hoʻohana nei i nā kāleka uila.
• Peʻe a ʻimi.
• He pāʻani e like me ka ʻai ʻana i nā kao (Hopscotch).

Hana ʻia kēia mau mea a pau ma ke ʻano e leʻaleʻa ai ke keiki e aʻo a hauʻoli hoʻi.

He aha ka manaʻolana no nā maʻi phonological?

Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ka maʻi Phonological, ʻoiai no nā keiki e hoʻomaka ana i ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo i ka wā ʻōpiopio. Eia nō naʻe, pili nā hopena i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana a me ka wikiwiki o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana.

Hiki ke pale ʻia kēia?

I kekahi mau hihia, aia nā mea e hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka Phonological Disorder. Eia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

• E nānā pinepine i kāu keiki no ka nalowale o ka lohe . I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ka nalowale iki o ka lohe hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o kā lākou ʻōlelo ʻana.
• E pāʻani me kāu keiki i nā pāʻani e pono ai ka hoʻolohe a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana .
• E heluhelu i nā puke i kāu keiki i kēlā me kēia lā . E kōkua kēia iā ia e hoʻomohala i kahi ʻike maikaʻi aʻe i nā huaʻōlelo a me nā ʻano leo.

E hoʻomanaʻo, loaʻa pinepine nā maʻi ʻōlelo me ke kumu ʻole. Inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kahi maʻi phonological, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ua hana hewa ʻoe. I kekahi manawa hiki wale mai lākou.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā he mau hopohopo kāu e pili ana i ka ʻōlelo a me ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka lapaʻau . ʻO ka maʻamau,

• Inā he 2 makahiki o kāu keiki, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo ma kahi o 50% o kāna mea e ʻōlelo nei.
• Inā he 4 makahiki o kāu keiki, pono ʻoe e hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hapa nui o kāna mea e ʻōlelo nei.

ʻOi aku hoʻi, e ʻike i ke kauka inā hana kāu keiki i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kekahi mau leo ​​​​​​ʻōlelo ma hope o 6 mau makahiki .
• Inā hilahila ʻo ia i kāna mau pilikia i ka ʻōlelo ʻana.
• ʻOiai ma hope o 7 mau makahiki, ua maikaʻi ke kāpae ʻana i kekahi mau leo ​​​​​​ʻōlelo, a i ʻole e pani i kekahi me kekahi.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

He mea maʻamau ka hopohopo ke lohe ʻoe he maʻi phonological ko kāu keiki. Eia kekahi mau nīnau hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i ke kauka:

• Pehea ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ʻōlelo a kaʻu keiki?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau i loaʻa no kaʻu keiki?
• Pehea ka lōʻihi e pono ai kaʻu keiki i ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo?
• He aha nā hōʻailona e pono iaʻu e makaʻala ma ka home?
• He aha kaʻu e hana ai me kaʻu keiki e kōkua iā ia?

Makemake ʻoe i kāu keiki e holomua i ke ola a loaʻa nā ʻike maikaʻi. Ma ke ʻano he makua, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana he maʻi ʻōlelo kāu keiki hiki ke lilo i kumu hopohopo a me ka makaʻu. "Pehea lā e kamaʻilio ai ʻo ia me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe?", "E hiki anei iā ia ke launa pū me nā keiki ʻē aʻe?", "E hiki anei iā ia ke launa pū me nā keiki ʻē aʻe?" He mau hopohopo maʻamau kēia. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio me ke kauka pediatric o kāu keiki. I nā hihia he nui, hiki i nā keiki e hoʻomaka mua i ka lāʻau ke aʻo e ʻōlelo maikaʻi a ola i ke ola maʻamau.

E hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea nui loa (Leka Lawe-Home)

• Inā kūmau ka ʻōlelo a ke keiki liʻiliʻi, hoʻololi i nā leka, a haʻalele paha i nā leka i ka wā e ʻōlelo ana, he maʻi paha ia i kapa ʻia ʻo Phonological Disorder.
• ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma kēia hihia, ʻaʻole hiki i ke keiki ke hoʻonohonoho pono i nā leo e pono ai e hana i nā huaʻōlelo.
• Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kēia maʻi inā ʻike koke ʻia a hoʻomaka ʻia ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo.
• Inā he mau hopohopo kāu, mai hilahila a makaʻu paha e ʻike i kāu kauka keiki no ka ʻōlelo aʻo. E kuhikuhi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i kahi Kauka ʻŌlelo-ʻŌlelo.
• ʻO ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu keiki, ka pāʻani ʻana me lākou, a me ka heluhelu ʻana i nā puke e kōkua nui i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōlelo a kāu keiki.

Mai hopohopo inā ʻike ʻoe he pilikia liʻiliʻi kāu keiki e like me kēia. Me ke alakaʻi kūpono a me ke aloha, hiki iā ʻoe ke lanakila i nā mea āpau!

ʻO ka maʻi Phonological, nā maʻi ʻōlelo, ka ʻōlelo a nā keiki, ka hihia huaʻōlelo, ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā leka, ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo, ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo