Ke makaʻu nei ʻoe i ka hoʻāʻo PSA? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i ia mea (PSA Test)

Ua ʻoi aku ʻoe ma mua o 50? A i ʻole aia ʻoe ma kahi o 40 mau makahiki? A laila ua haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi hoʻāʻo PSA. Makaʻu iki kekahi poʻe a hopohopo ke lohe lākou i kēia inoa. "ʻAʻole anei kēia he hoʻāʻo e nānā i ka maʻi kanesa prostate?" manaʻo lākou. He aha maoli ka PSA? He aha ka mea e nānā ai kēia hoʻāʻo? Pono ʻoe e hopohopo no ia mea? I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau mea a pau me ka maʻalahi, ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia hoʻāʻo PSA?

ʻO ka PSA he pōkole no ka Prostate-Specific Antigen . He ʻano protein kēia i loko o ko kākou kino. Hana ʻia ia e ka prostate gland, i loaʻa wale i nā kāne. E noʻonoʻo, ua like ka nui o kēia gland me kahi walnut liʻiliʻi, aia ma lalo o ko kākou ʻōpū mimi.

No laila, e like me nā pūnaewele olakino i loko o ka prostate, hana pū nā pūnaewele kanesa i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo PSA. Akā ʻo ka mea nui, hana pinepine nā pūnaewele kanesa i ka nui o ka protein PSA . He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi loa ka hoʻāʻo PSA. Ana ia i ka nui o ka protein PSA i loko o kou koko. Inā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae PSA i loko o kou koko ma mua o ka maʻamau, hōʻike ia he hewa paha kekahi mea me kou prostate, he pilikia paha o ka maʻi kanesa.

E hana pinepine ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua rectal digital (DRE) me ka hoʻāʻo PSA. Nānā kēia i ka nui, ke ʻano, a me ke ʻano o ka prostate gland no kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe, e like me nā puʻupuʻu.

Ke loli nei ka pae PSA 'maʻamau' me ka makahiki?

ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. He mea kēia a ka poʻe he nui i ʻike ʻole ai. ʻAʻohe waiwai "maʻamau" hoʻokahi no nā mea āpau. I ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe o kākou maʻi, e nui iki ana ko kākou ʻōpū prostate. No laila, piʻi mālie nā pae PSA.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka PSA ma nā nanograms no ka milliliter (ng/ml) . Ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi maʻamau, eia kekahi mau waiwai maʻamau no ka makahiki:

E hoʻomanaʻo he mau alakaʻi maʻamau wale nō kēia. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kāu PSA ma mua o kēia palena, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi kanesa kou. E kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēlā ma hope iki.

I ka manawa hea e pono ai ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo PSA?

He mea nui nō hoʻi kēia.

• ʻO ka poʻe i ka pilikia maʻamau: Inā ʻaʻole he moʻolelo ʻohana ikaika o ka maʻi kanesa prostate, ʻōlelo nā kauka e loaʻa i kahi hoʻāʻo PSA i kēlā me kēia ʻelua a ʻekolu mau makahiki, ma hope o 50 mau makahiki .
• ʻO ka poʻe i ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe: Inā ʻoe i ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo e hoʻomaka i kēia hoʻokolohua i ka makahiki 40-45 .

ʻO wai kēia poʻe i ka pilikia nui aʻe?

• Moʻolelo ʻohana: Inā ua loaʻa i kou makuakāne, kaikuaʻana, a keiki kāne paha ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, a inā paha ua loaʻa i kekahi mau lālā o kou ʻohana ka maʻi.
• Nā kumu hoʻoilina: Ua ʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā kāne o ka hanauna ʻApelika i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi prostate a me ka makahiki ʻōpio i ka wā e ulu ai.

Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo PSA e nānā i ka holomua o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi kanesa prostate a e hoʻoholo ai inā ua hoʻi hou ka maʻi.

Nā mea e ʻike ai ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua

ʻAe, no laila e ʻōlelo kākou ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi hoʻāʻo PSA. No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻike pololei , aia kekahi mau mea e pono ai ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻopilikia i kāu waiwai PSA.

E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia mau mea:

• Inā ʻoe e lawe nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (e.g. Finasteride, Dutasteride).
• Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me `Finasteride (Propecia®)` no ka nalowale o ka lauoho.
• Inā ua hana ʻia ʻoe i ke ʻoki prostate (TUR) i hala koke nei.
• Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi biopsy prostate i loko o nā pule 6 i hala.
• Inā ua hoʻokomo koke ʻia kahi catheter iā ʻoe.
• Inā he maʻi kou i ke akepaʻa (e like me ka Cirrhosis, Hepatitis C).
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi ʻōpū mimi (UTI) i kēia manawa a i ʻole ua loaʻa iā ʻoe i loko o nā mahina 3 i hala.

Mai hana i kēia mau mea 48 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo:

• Mai komo i kekahi hana moekolohe (me ka masturbation). Hiki i ka ejaculation ke hoʻonui i nā pae PSA no kekahi manawa.
• E hōʻalo i ka hoʻoikaika kino ikaika, ʻoiai nā mea e like me ke kaʻa paikikala, hiki ke hoʻonui i nā pae PSA no kekahi manawa.

Ma ka hahai pono ʻana i kēia mau kuhikuhi e hiki ai iā mākou ke ana i kou pae PSA maoli.

Ke manaʻo nei anei kahi pae PSA kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa?

ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole loa . ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa e hoʻomanaʻo ai nā mea a pau. Mai hopohopo inā ʻōlelo kāu hōʻike PSA ua kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ia hoʻi ke hana nei kekahi mea i loko o kou gland prostate a pono e noiʻi hou ʻia.

Ma waho aʻe o ke kanesa, eia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia nā pae PSA:

• ʻO ka Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): ʻAʻole kēia he maʻi kanesa. He kūlana maʻamau ia e hoʻopilikia i nā kāne he nui i ko lākou ʻelemakule ʻana.
• Prostatitis: Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka PSA ma muli o ka maʻi a me ka pehu ʻana o ka prostate gland.
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpū mimi (UTI): Hiki i ka maʻi ʻōpū mimi ke hoʻonui i nā pae PSA.
• Nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau hou: Ma muli o nā mea e like me nā biopsies a me nā catheterizations a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua.
• Hoʻoikaika kino a me ka hana moekolohe: Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka PSA no kekahi manawa inā hana ʻia kokoke i ka hoʻāʻo.

Inā kiʻekiʻe ka waiwai PSA, he aha ka mea e hiki mai ana?

Inā kiʻekiʻe kou pae PSA no kou mau makahiki, ʻaʻole e hopohopo kāu kauka, akā e hoʻolālā i kāu mau hana aʻe e like me ia.

Ma keʻano laulā, inā ma waena o 4 a me 10 (ng/ml) ka waiwai PSA, ma kahi o 25% ka likelika o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. Inā ʻoi aku ka waiwai ma mua o 10 , hiki i ka likelika ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 50%.

No laila, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā hoʻokolohua e like me kēia:

• ʻO kekahi hoʻāʻo PSA ʻē aʻe: Malia paha e hana hou i kahi hoʻāʻo i loko o kekahi mau mahina e ʻike ai inā kiʻekiʻe mau ke kumukūʻai.
• MRI scan: Hiki ke hana i kahi MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan e kiʻi i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o ka prostate a nānā i nā wahi kānalua.
• ʻO ka Biopsy Prostate: ʻO ke ala wale nō e ʻike pono ai inā he maʻi kanesa prostate kou me ka biopsy. Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ka prostate a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau hunaola kanesa.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa prostate?

He mea nui loa nō hoʻi kēia. I nā pae mua o ke kanesa prostate, ʻaʻohe mau hōʻailona . ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui nā hoʻokolohua e like me PSA. I ka holomua ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Nā pilikia mimi: Mimi pinepine, kahe mimi nāwaliwali, ʻeha a wela paha i ka wā e mimi ai (Dysuria), paʻakikī ke kāohi i ka mimi.
• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko me ka mimi a i ʻole ka sperm.
• ʻEha pinepine i ke kua, ka ʻūhā, a i ʻole ka umauma: (ʻO ia hoʻi, ua pālahalaha paha ke kanesa i nā iwi).
• Ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole.
• ʻO ka hana ʻino ʻana o ka erectile a i ʻole ka ʻeha i ka wā ejaculation.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi kanesa kou. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​he mea nui e ʻike koke i kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.

Aia kekahi mau mea e hiki iā mākou ke hana e kāohi i nā pae PSA?

ʻAʻohe ʻano hana kilokilo e hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae PSA i ka pō hoʻokahi. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e hiki i ka mālama ʻana i kahi nohona olakino a me ka ʻai ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino prostate a kaohi i nā pae PSA.