Ke kahe nei ke koko i hope ma o kou valve puʻuwai? (Pulmonic Valve Regurgitation) E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana!

He ʻōkana kupaianaha ko kākou puʻuwai, ʻeā? He mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e like me ka puka i loko, a mākou e kapa nei he mau valves . He mea nui loa kēia mau valves no ka hana pono ʻana e hoʻouna i ke koko i ko kākou kino. I kekahi manawa, inā ʻaʻole pani pono kekahi o kēia mau valves, hiki i kekahi koko ke kahe i hope. ʻO ia ke kūlana a kākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā, ʻo ka regurgitation o ka valve pulmonary . Mai hopohopo, e wehewehe maʻalahi kākou i kēia.

He aha ka Pulmonic Valve Regurgitation?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kēia ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana kahi i pani pono ʻole ai ka valve pulmonary i loko o kou puʻuwai, e hoʻoulu ana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi e kahe i ke ala hewa, ʻo ia hoʻi, i hope, ma waena o nā puʻuwai.

E noʻonoʻo, he ʻehā keʻena o ko kākou puʻuwai, a ʻo ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma waena o kēia mau keʻena e hoʻomalu ʻia e ʻehā mau kiwikā. ʻO ka kiwikā pulmonary ka lua o ka kiwikā i loko o kou puʻuwai e hoʻomalu ana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. ʻO kēia kahi e haʻalele ai ke koko i ka ventricle ʻākau . A laila hele kēia koko ma o nā aʻa pulmonary i kou mau māmā, kahi e lawe ai i ka oxygen a hoʻokuʻu i ke kalapona dioxide.

I kēia manawa, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia maʻi (Pulmonic Regurgitation), ʻaʻole nā ​​koko āpau i hoʻopuka ʻia mai ka ventricle ʻākau e hele i nā māmā. Hoʻi hou kekahi o ia mea i loko o ka ventricle ʻākau. He aha ka mea e hana ai? Pono ka ventricle ʻākau e hana ikaika , e hoʻokuke i waho i kēlā koko keu. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i kēia hana keu ke hoʻonui i ka ventricle ʻākau, nāwaliwali, a i ka hopena e alakaʻi i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Right-sided Heart Failure .

ʻO nā inoa ʻē aʻe no kēia ʻo Pulmonic Regurgitation, Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation, a i ʻole Pulmonary Regurgitation.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi? ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano (Pulmonic Regurgitation) ma mua o kou manaʻo. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia aia ma waena o 30% a me 75% o ka heluna kanaka e loaʻa paha iā ia. Wahi a kekahi mau hōʻike, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka helu. Eia naʻe, i ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he liʻiliʻi loa kēia kahe koko ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona . ʻAʻole ʻike ka nui o ka poʻe he loaʻa iā lākou kēia mea, a hiki i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana ma kahi hanana i ka wā o kekahi hoʻāʻo.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa ka regurgitation pulmonary waena a koʻikoʻi no nā kumu like ʻole. Ma muli o ka nui o nā kumu, he paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo pololei i ka maʻamau o kēia mau kūlana koʻikoʻi.

ʻO wai ka mea i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia e kēia?

• No nā ʻōpio: Inā loaʻa kēia ʻano i nā ʻōpio, pinepine ia ma muli o ke ʻoki ʻana e hoʻoponopono ai i kahi maʻi puʻuwai hānau i loaʻa iā lākou i ko lākou wā ʻōpiopio.
• No nā mākua ʻelemakule: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke koko kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā māmā (pulmonary hypertension) i nā pākeke ma luna o 75 mau makahiki. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke hoʻoulu a hoʻonui paha i ka regurgitation pulmonary.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia?

ʻAʻole ʻike ka nui o ka poʻe me ka regurgitation pulmonary i kekahi mau hōʻailona no ka mea he liʻiliʻi loa ke kahe koko. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hōʻailona e kū mai inā he kaulike a koʻikoʻi paha ke kahe ʻana. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine kēia mau mea me nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai. ʻO lākou kekahi:

• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (Dyspnea)
• Luhi, luhi
• Manaʻo poniuniu, poʻo māmā
• E nalowale ka ʻike
• Puʻuwai wikiwiki a ʻano ʻole paha (Heart Palpitations)
• Ka pehu ʻana o ka ʻōpū, nā wāwae, a i ʻole nā ​​kuʻekuʻe wāwae

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR) a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. E ʻokoʻa kēia mau hōʻailona ma muli o ke ʻano ʻē aʻe.

He aha ke kumu o kēia kūlana?

Nui nā kumu hiki ke loaʻa i ka Pulmonic Regurgitation. Eia kekahi o lākou:

• Maʻi Puʻuwai Rheumatic: ʻO ka fiva Rheumatic kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi bacteria i mālama ʻole ʻia e hiki ke hōʻino i kou mau valves puʻuwai. He mea maʻamau ia ma nā ʻāina e ulu ana.
• ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ka puʻuwai: ʻO kēia ka manawa e piʻi ai ke kaomi i loko o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o kou mau māmā. Hiki i kēia kaomi kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻopilikia i ke aʻa pulmonary, kahi e haʻalele ai i ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia kaomi kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻolōʻihi i ke aʻa a me ka valve, e hoʻoheheʻe ana i ke koko ma o ka valve.
• Nā Maʻi Hoʻoilina: ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka Pulmonic Regurgitation i nā poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina, e like me Marfan Syndrome .
• Nā Puʻupuʻu Carcinoid: He ʻano kanesa lohi kēia e ulu ana, he ʻano maʻamau ʻole. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. Hiki i kēia ʻano kanesa ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻiʻo carcinoid e noho i loko o ka puʻuwai, e ālai ana i ke kahe koko.
• Endocarditis: He mumū kēia o ka ʻili o loko o ka puʻuwai. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi maʻi. ʻOi aku ka pilikia o ka poʻe ma ka dialysis , ka poʻe me nā puka intravenous mau loa (IV), a me ka poʻe e hoʻokomo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kū ʻole i ke kānāwai.
• ʻEha: He mea pinepine ʻole, hiki i kahi ʻeha i kou umauma ke hōʻino i ka valve pulmonary.
• Nā pilikia hānau ʻia: ʻO ke kūlana hānau ʻia kahi pilikia i hānau ʻia me ʻoe. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hānau ʻia ʻana me kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo Tetralogy of Fallot , ka hānau ʻia ʻana me ka ʻole o kahi valve pulmonary, a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hāiki o ka valve pulmonary i hānau ʻia me ʻoe (Congenital Pulmonic Stenosis) .
• Lapaʻau lapaʻau:Hiki ke hana ʻia ka regurgitation pulmonary i nā makahiki ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau ʻē aʻe no nā maʻi puʻuwai hānau, e like me Tetralogy of Fallot a i ʻole Pulmonic Stenosis.
• Idiopathic: I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ke kumu.

He mea laha anei kēia?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole laha ka Pulmonic Regurgitation. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hana ʻia e kahi maʻi e laha ana i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole e kahi maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi puʻuwai rheumatic.

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i kēia?

Hiki i kekahi manawa ke paʻakikī ke ʻike i ka Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR). Aia ia i ke koʻikoʻi o ka pilikia a me kāu mau hōʻailona. ʻO ka maʻamau, pili ia i ka hui pū ʻana o kahi hoʻokolohua kino a me kekahi mau hoʻokolohua kiʻi.

Hoʻokolokolo kino

ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ke kauka i kēia mau mea:

• ʻAno: ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​e like me ka pehu ʻana ma ka ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​​​wāwae.
• Palpation: Hiki i ke kauka ke nānā i ka pehu ʻana i kou mau wāwae a i ʻole ka ʻōpū. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe iā ʻoe i kahi kihi, kaomi ma kou ʻōpū, a nānā i nā aa jugular e pehu ana i kou ʻāʻī. Hiki ke hana kēia i ka wā he pilikia e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā māmā, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā aa jugular e pehu.
• Hoʻolohe: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohe i kou puʻuwai me kahi stethoscope . Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka regurgitation pulmonary waena a koʻikoʻi paha, lohe paha ʻoe i kahi murmur puʻuwai. He mau leo ​​​​ʻē kēia e kū mai ana me kou puʻuwai ma muli o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i ke ala hewa. He ala maikaʻi kēia e hopu ai i kēia ʻano ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau makahiki.

He aha ke ʻano o nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia?

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua āu e pono ai e hana e ʻike i kēia maʻi:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG a i ʻole EKG)
• X-ray umauma
• Echocardiogram - ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa. Ua like ia me kahi scan ultrasound o ka puʻuwai.

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kēia mau hoʻokolohua:

• Ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka catheter puʻuwai ʻākau
• Kiʻi Resonance Magnetic Cardiac (MRI Puʻuwai)

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai? Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia?

Hiki ke mālama pinepine ʻia ka regurgitation pulmonary. Ma muli o ke kumu, hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia i kekahi manawa . Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole ia he koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻohe ona hōʻailona, ​​a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻelua, ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻOiai inā he koʻikoʻi akā ʻaʻohe ona hōʻailona, ​​ʻo ka pahuhopu o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka hoʻōki ʻana i ke kūlana mai ka ʻino a pale i ka hōʻino mau loa i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka puʻuwai.

He aha nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana ʻia?

Inā ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kūlana (Pulmonary Regurgitation) e kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe,ʻO ka hana mua, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻōla ʻana i ke kūlana ʻē aʻe. E hoʻōki pinepine kēia i ke koko mai ke kahe ʻana i hope, a i ʻole e hōʻemi i ka leaka, e hōʻemi ana i nā pilikia a me nā hōʻailona.

Inā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, ʻo ka hana aʻe e mālama pololei iā ia. ʻO ka mālama ʻana a me ka ho'ōla ʻana no ka regurgitation pulmonary e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka valve ponoʻī. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma nā ʻano ʻelua:

• ʻOki kino: Ma kēia ʻano hana, hiki i ke kauka lapaʻau ke komo pololei i kou puʻuwai a hoʻololi i ka valve. Hiki ke lawe ʻia ka valve hou mai kahi mea hāʻawi kanaka, a i ʻole hiki ke biosynthetic (i hana ʻia mai ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea synthetic a me nā ʻiʻo ola - maʻamau mai nā puaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​bipi wahine).
• Hoʻololi i ka Valve Pulmonary Transcatheter (TPVR): Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻohana ʻia kahi mea i kapa ʻia he catheter e pani i ka valve i loko o ka puʻuwai. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hana ke kauka i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi kīʻaha koko nui ma kou ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka ʻūhā luna a hoʻokomo i ka catheter. A laila alakaʻi ʻia ka mea lōʻihi, e like me ka paipu i loko o ka puʻuwai, me ke poʻo i kau ʻia ma luna o ka valve e kū nei. A laila wehe ʻia ka valve hou, a kuʻi ʻia ka valve kahiko i hōʻino ʻia ma lalo. ʻO nā valve i kau ʻia ma kēia ʻano he bioprosthetic maʻamau. Hiki iā lākou ke mau no kahi o 15 mau makahiki.

I ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi, mālama ʻia nā hōʻailona e hoʻopilikia nui iā ʻoe. Hana pinepine kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka wehe ʻana i ka wai keu mai ke kino, hoʻomaha i nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe koko, a i ʻole ka kaohi ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i nā puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole (arrhythmias) . Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ʻoki no kekahi kumu, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​akā ʻaʻole hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō ke ho'ōla i ke ʻano.

He mea nui: Inā he valve ʻaʻole prosthetic kāu, pono paha ʻoe e lawe i nā lāʻau hoʻokahe koko no ke koena o kou ola. Hoʻōki kēia mau lāʻau i nā ʻōpū koko mai ka hoʻokumu ʻana a puni ka valve. Hoʻemi kēia i ka pilikia o nā pilikia e like me ka hahau ʻana a i ʻole ka pulmonary embolism.

He aha nā pilikia/nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

He kiʻekiʻe loa ka holomua o TPVR i ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi . Ua holomua nā ʻoki TPVR ma 94% a 98% o nā hihia. He mea kākaʻikahi loa nā pilikia TPVR, e kū ana ma 3% a 6% o nā hihia (ʻo nā pilikia maʻamau ka maʻi coronary artery a i ʻole endocarditis ma muli o ka maʻi).

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia ʻē aʻe:

• Puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole (Arrhythmias)
• Ka maʻi a puni ke kahua ʻoki
• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko mai waho o ka valve
• Pono e hoʻololi hou i kahi valve i pani ʻia
• Nā hopena ʻaoʻao a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia o nā lāʻau lapaʻau (he kikoʻī loa kēia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei, no laila ʻo kāu kauka ke kanaka maikaʻi loa e haʻi iā ʻoe e pili ana i kēia)

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama iaʻu iho/hoʻokele i nā hōʻailona?

Hiki i kēia ʻano ke like me nā ʻano maʻi puʻuwai ʻē aʻe e hoʻoweliweli nei i ke ola, no laila mai hoʻāʻo e ʻike a mālama iā ʻoe iho . Inā kānalua ʻoe he pilikia kou, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻoholo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻano a hāʻawi i nā koho lapaʻau.

ʻEhia ka manawa e ʻoi aku ai koʻu maikaʻi ma hope o ka mālama ʻana? Pehea ka lōʻihi e hoʻōla ai?

ʻO ka manawa hoʻōla no kēia ʻano ma muli o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻole ʻo ke ʻoki kino ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka lōʻihi loa e hoʻōla ai. Hiki i ka poʻe i hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino no (Pulmonic Regurgitation) ke hala i nā hebedoma a i ʻole nā ​​mahina e hoʻōla ai. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka manawa hoʻōla (TPVR) , a e hoʻomaka ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu i loko o kekahi mau lā.

Hiki iaʻu ke pale aku i kēia? Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia?

ʻO ka Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR) kahi maʻi hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia no ka mea hiki koke mai ia. ʻOi loa inā ua hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi i hānau ʻia me ʻoe. ʻO ka mea wale nō āu e hiki ai ke hana, ʻo ia ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia ma ka pale ʻana i nā kūlana a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi e hiki ke hoʻoulu iā ia.

ʻO ke ala wale nō e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi e hiki ai ke hana i kēia . ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo kēlā me kēia maʻi, ʻoiai ka ʻeha puʻu e like me ka strep throat, pono e mālama ʻia i ka wā hikiwawe loa. Hiki i kēia ke pale i ka maʻi mai ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi puʻuwai rumatika a i ʻole ka laha pololei ʻana i ka puʻuwai a hōʻino iā ia.

He aha ka manaʻo no kēia kūlana?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka regurgitation pulmonary, he liʻiliʻi loa ke koko e kahe ana mai ka valve. No lākou, maikaʻi ka nānā ʻana , a pono e like ko lākou manaʻolana ola me ko ka poʻe me ka ʻole o ke ʻano.

ʻOiai me kahi pae waena o ka leakage, maikaʻi ka nānā ʻana inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua , ʻoiai inā he kumu kumu e hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia a hoʻohuli ʻia paha.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi leaka nui, hilinaʻi nui ka nānā ʻana i ka wikiwiki o ka ʻike ʻia a me ka mālama ʻia ʻana. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana e hoʻonui i nā manawa kūpono e ho'ōla ai i ke kūlana, a i ʻole e hōʻemi ana i kona hopena . Hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi iā ʻoe i kou nānā ʻana a me nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o kēia kūlana?

Inā ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia, he maʻi ia no ke ola holoʻokoʻa o ka Pulmonary Regurgitation.

Āhea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻi i ka hana/kula?

Pono ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e noho i ka haukapila no ʻehā a ʻelima mau lā e loaʻa ai kahi TPVR, a hiki i ka nui o ka poʻe ke hoʻi koke i ka hana ma hope. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻoki kino ma kahi o kahi TPVR, hiki ke hala i nā pule, a i ʻole nā ​​mahina, e hoʻōla a hoʻi i kāu mau hana maʻamau. E hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi iā ʻoe i ka wā e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka hana, ke kula, a i ʻole kāu mau hana maʻamau.

He mea make anei kēia maʻi?

ʻAʻole make ka Pulmonic Regurgitation iā ia iho . Akā, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā kūlana hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe i ke ola i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui loa ka ʻike koke ʻia a me ka mālama ʻia.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho?

Hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi pololei iā ʻoe i ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e hana a me ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e mālama i kāu mau hōʻailona a mālama iā ʻoe iho. Ma keʻano laulā, pono ʻoe e hana i kēia mau mea:

• E lawe pono i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau: E lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha. E lawe wale i ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoe, a mai hōʻalo wale no ka mea he mea maʻalahi ia.
• E ʻike i kāu kauka: ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou lāʻau lapaʻau, e hoʻonohonoho paha kāu kauka i nā manawa hoʻopaʻa e nānā i kou kūlana. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana iā ia e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e hiki ke kōkua i ka hopu ʻana i nā hōʻailona mua o nā pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia.
• Mai hoʻoikaika nui iā ʻoe iho: Hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi aku iā ʻoe e kaupalena i kāu mau hana. E kōkua kēia iā ʻoe e pale aku i ke kau ʻana i ka nui o ke kaumaha ma kou puʻuwai, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i kou mau hōʻailona a i ʻole ke kūlana.
• E hoʻolohe i kou manaʻo: ʻO ka hoʻolohe ʻana i kou kino a me nā hōʻailona e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hopu i nā hōʻailona mua o ka pilikia a ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke kūlana i nā pilikia mau loa.

Āhea wau e kelepona ai a ʻike paha i kaʻu kauka?

Inā hoʻi hou mai kāu mau hōʻailona a loli paha me ka manaʻo ʻole ʻia, pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. He mea nui loa kēia inā koke nā loli a inā hoʻomaka nā hōʻailona e hoʻopilikia i kāu mau hana maʻamau .

Āhea wau e hele ai i ka ʻOihana Pōpilikia (ETU) ?

Pono ʻoe e hele i ka haukapila inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i mau hōʻailona o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, nā hōʻeha puʻuwai, a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi puʻuwai koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe:

• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (Dyspnea)
• Ka poniuniu hou a i ʻole ka nalowale koke o ka ʻike
• Puʻuwai wikiwiki a ʻano ʻole paha (Heart Palpitations)
• ʻO ka pehu hou i loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​​​wāwae a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae

ʻO ka mea hope loa, leka lawe i ka home:

He maʻi maʻamau ka luaʻi ʻana o ka puʻuwai, a no ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, ʻaʻole ia he kumu e hopohopo ai. Eia nō naʻe, inā lilo ia i mea koʻikoʻi, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hōʻailona e hoʻopilikia i kou ola. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, a hiki i ka make.

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, hiki ke mālama pinepine ʻia kēia maʻi - a i kekahi manawa hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia . A, kiʻekiʻe loa ka holomua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau. No laila, inā he kānalua kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai hoʻokaʻulua i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau.

ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka valve puʻuwai, ka maʻi valve puʻuwai, ke kahe hou ʻana o ke koko, ka ventricle ʻākau, ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai, ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ka pulmonary, ka pōkole o ka hanu