Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia i kekahi e hakakā nei i ka maʻi kanesa, hoʻokahi huaʻōlelo e hiki koke mai ana i ka noʻonoʻo ʻo "Chemotherapy." Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe me ka holomua o ka ʻepekema lapaʻau, aia nā ʻano hana hou e hiki ke kuhikuhi wale i nā hunaola kanesa a mālama iā lākou me ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka pōʻino i nā hunaola olakino? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kekahi ʻano lapaʻau kikoʻī loa a holomua loa. Kāhea mākou i kēia "Targeted Therapy."
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Targeted Therapy?
E noʻonoʻo he nui nā nāhelehele i kou hale. I kēia manawa, ʻelua mau ala e hoʻopau ai i kēia mau nāhelehele. ʻO kekahi ala, ʻo ia ke pīpī ʻana i ka māla holoʻokoʻa me ka herbicide. E pepehi kēia i nā nāhelehele, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hōʻino i nā pua nani a me nā mea kanu āu i ulu ai me ka leʻaleʻa. Pēlā ka hana pinepine ʻana o ka chemotherapy kuʻuna. Pepehi ia i nā cell e māhele wikiwiki ana, me nā cell kanesa, a me nā cell olakino i loko o ko mākou kino (no ka laʻana, nā cell lauoho, nā cell e ho'ōla i nā ʻeha ma ka waha).
ʻO ke ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka ʻike lima ʻana i kēlā me kēia mauhelehele pākahi a hoʻopili wale i ka herbicide iā ia. A laila ʻaʻole e hōʻino ʻia nā pua maikaʻi. Pēlā nō, ʻo Targeted Therapy kahi ʻano lapaʻau e ʻike ai i kahi ʻano kikoʻī o nā cell cancer a kuhikuhi i kēlā ʻano. Ma muli o kēia, ua liʻiliʻi loa ka hōʻino ʻana i nā cell olakino. I ka ʻōlelo pololei ʻana, ua like kēia me ka wehe ʻana i kahi laka kikoʻī me kahi kī kikoʻī. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai kēia ʻano lapaʻau ʻo "Precision Medicine". ʻO ia hoʻi, he lāʻau lapaʻau pololei loa ia, i kuhikuhi ʻia.
Pehea maoli ka hana ʻana o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, pono mua mākou e hoʻomaopopo iki e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia cell i loko o ko mākou kino kahi mea i kapa ʻia he genes. Ua like kēia me kahi puke kuhikuhi e haʻi ana i ke kelepona pehea e hana ai. I kekahi manawa, loaʻa nā hoʻololi genetic i loko o kēia puke kuhikuhi, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o nā genes. A laila hoʻomaka kahi cell olakino e lilo i cell cancer. ʻO ia hoʻi, hoʻomaka kēlā cell e māhele me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomalu ʻia.
Eia nā mea a nā oncologists e hana ai i ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia:
1. ʻO ka mea mua, ua ʻike ʻia ka loli genetic i hoʻokumu i ke kanesa: Ua nānā ʻia kāu mau hunaola kanesa e ʻike pono i ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi genetic kikoʻī i hoʻokumu ai i ke kanesa. ʻAʻole nā maʻi kanesa āpau i loaʻa kēia mau loli hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, akā he nui nā ʻano kanesa i loaʻa iā lākou.
2. Koho i ka pahuhopu:ʻO ka mea aʻe, ua koho ʻia kahi protein a i ʻole ke kaʻina hana kikoʻī i hana ʻia ma luna a i loko paha o ke kelepona kanesa ma muli o kēlā loli genetic ma ke ʻano he pahuhopu. ʻAʻole loaʻa kēia pahuhopu i loko o nā kelepona olakino, a i ʻole aia i nā nui liʻiliʻi loa.
3. Ke hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau kūpono: Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kahi lāʻau kūikawā e hoʻopaʻa a ālai i ka pahuhopu i koho ʻia. Ke komo kēia lāʻau i ke kino, hele pololei ia i ka pahuhopu i loko o nā hunaola kanesa.
Hoʻopau kēia hoʻouka kaua i ke kelepona kanesa a pale paha i ka hōʻailona e haʻi aku i ke kelepona kanesa e māhele a ulu. ʻO ka hopena, ua pau ka ulu ʻana o ke kanesa a hoʻomaka mālie e emi.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia?
ʻAe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi mau ʻano nui ma muli o ke ʻano o kāna hana. He mea ʻē paha kēia mau inoa iā ʻoe, akā he mea maikaʻi ke ʻike iki.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau molekole liʻiliʻi: He mau molekole liʻiliʻi loa kēia. No laila hiki iā lākou ke komo pololei i loko o ke keena kanesa a hoʻouka i nā pahuhopu i loko. Lawe pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he mau pila.
- Nā Immunotherapy: Pili kēia i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī e ʻike a luku i nā hunaola kanesa. Ma lalo o kēia, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau holomua e like me `(Monoclonal antibodies)`, `(Bispecific antibodies)` a me `(CAR T-cell therapy)`.
- Nā hui pū ʻana o ka antibody-drug: He lāʻau lapaʻau akamai loa kēia i hoʻolālā ʻia. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o kahi lāʻau anti-cancer (e like me ka lāʻau chemo) i kahi antibody e ʻimi ana i nā cell cancer a hoʻouna ʻia i loko o ke kino. Ke loaʻa i kēlā antibody ke cell cancer pololei a hoʻopili iā ia, hele pololei ka lāʻau i loko o ke cell cancer a luku iā ia. Ua like ia me ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi pūʻolo i ka helu wahi kūpono.
He aha nā ʻano maʻi kanesa e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia kahi ʻano lapaʻau holomua i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa no nā ʻano maʻi kanesa he nui. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka maʻi kanesa umauma, ka maʻi kanesa māmā, a me ke kanesa prostate. ʻAʻole wale ia, akā hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no nā ʻano maʻi kanesa ʻē aʻe he nui.
| ʻŌnaehana nona ke ʻano maʻi kanesa | Nā Laʻana |
|---|---|
| Nā maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ke koko | ʻO ka Myeloma Nui, ka Leukemia ʻĀkiu, ka Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin |
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai iwi a me nā ʻiʻo palupalu | ʻO kekahi mau sarcomas palupalu |
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe | Ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal, Ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal |
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōnaehana hānau wahine | Ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical, ka maʻi ʻaʻai endometrial |
| Nā maʻi ʻaʻai poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī | Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Laryngeal, Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Nasopharyngeal |
| Ka maʻi ʻili | Melanoma, ka maʻi kanesa o ke kelepona squamous |
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai thyroid | ʻO ke kanesa thyroid anaplastic, ka maʻi kanesa thyroid Medullary |
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōnaehana mimi | Ka maʻi ʻōpū, Ka maʻi ʻōpū puʻupaʻa |
He kūpono anei kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kānaka a pau?
He nīnau koʻikoʻi loa kēia. ʻAʻole kūpono ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia no nā poʻe maʻi kanesa āpau. No ka mea, i mea e holo pono ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e loaʻa ka "pahuhopu" a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua i loko o nā hunaola kanesa. He kūpono wale nō kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe inā he loli genetic kikoʻī a i ʻole protein i loko o kou ʻano kanesa hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia e kahi lāʻau. E hana kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai a hoʻoholo inā kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no kou kanesa a i ʻole.
Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka mea e manaʻo ʻia
Aia ma mua o 100 mau ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia, no laila hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana.
- Ma ke ʻano he pila: Loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau he nui ma ke ʻano he pila i ale ʻia.
- Ma ke ʻano he inikini (pana): Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he inikini ma lalo o ka ʻili.
- Ma o ka saline (IV): Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino ma o kahi wai saline i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kahi aa.
ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi ka papa hana lapaʻau ma muli o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe. Pono paha ʻoe e lawe iā ia i kēlā me kēia lā, i kēlā me kēia pule, a i ʻole kēlā me kēia mahina. Hoʻomau ʻia kekahi mau lapaʻau, aʻo kekahi he lōʻihi kikoʻī.
I kou wā e mālama ʻia ai, e nānā mau kāu kauka iā ʻoe. I loko o kēia manawa, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua koko, nā X-ray, a me nā scan CT e ʻike ai pehea ʻoe e hana nei a inā e holo pono ana ka lāʻau. E nīnau pū ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me nā lāʻau e pono ai.
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai ana?
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻeha ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia i nā ʻāpana olakino, hiki nō iā ia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa pinepine kēia mau mea mai nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka chemotherapy. Pili nā hopena ʻaoʻao āu e ʻike ai i ka lāʻau i hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe a me ke ʻano o kou kino.
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau |
|---|
| Ka maʻi pākī |
| ʻIli maloʻo a ʻulaʻula paha |
| Nā enzymes akepaʻa kiʻekiʻe - Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia ma o nā hoʻokolohua koko. |
| Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Hypertension) |
| Hoʻopaneʻe ka ho'ōla ʻana o ka ʻeha |
| Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole nā naʻau (ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ʻōpala ʻeleʻele) |
| Nā ʻūpā koko |
| Nā kūlana puʻuwai (e.g., arrhythmia) |
| Hoʻololi kala lauoho |
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai inā he mau mea liʻiliʻi ia. Inā ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o kekahi mea ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio e pili ana. E kōkua ke kime lapaʻau iā ʻoe e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono a i ʻole kekahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Targeted Therapy a i ʻole Chemotherapy?
He nīnau kēia a ka poʻe he nui. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo maopopo he "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi" o kekahi ma mua o kekahi. Aia ia i ka mea maʻi, ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe he nui.
- Pahuhopu: ʻOi aku ka pololei o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kuhikuhi ʻana i nā ʻōpū kanesa wale nō, e hōʻemi ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻōpū olakino.
- Hoʻololi: Eia nō naʻe, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole kūpono ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia no nā mea āpau. No kekahi me ka ʻole o kahi "pahuhopu" kūpono, he lāʻau lapaʻau holomua a maikaʻi loa ka chemotherapy.
- Hoʻōla hui pū ʻia: I kekahi mau hihia, ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia a me ka chemotherapy pū kekahi hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi aʻe ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i hoʻokahi wale nō.
I ka hopena, na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe. E nānā ʻo ia i kāu mau moʻolelo lapaʻau a pau a me ke ʻano o kou maʻi ʻaʻai a wehewehe iā ʻoe i nā koho maikaʻi loa i loaʻa iā ʻoe.
He lāʻau lapaʻau hou ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia no ke kanesa. Ke hoʻomau nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka wehe ʻana i nā mea huna genetic o nā hunaola kanesa, ke hoʻomohala ʻia nei nā lāʻau lapaʻau pololei a maikaʻi hoʻi i kēlā me kēia lā. Nui paha kāu mau nīnau e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka Targeted Therapy kahi ʻano lapaʻau holomua no ka maʻi kanesa e hoʻouka wale ana i nā pahuhopu kikoʻī i loko o nā hunaola kanesa, e hōʻemi ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā hunaola olakino.
- Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hoʻololi genetic e hoʻoulu ai i nā hunaola kanesa e ulu a māhelehele.
- ʻOkoʻa paha nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka chemotherapy, a hiki ke komo pū me nā pilikia ʻili, ka maʻi pākī, a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻAʻole kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā me kēia maʻi kanesa. Aia ia i nā ʻano genetic o kou kanesa.
- He mea nui loa e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i nā koho lapaʻau āpau i loaʻa iā ʻoe, ko lākou mau pono a me nā pōʻino.
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