Ua ʻike maoli anei mākou i nā mea e hōʻino ai i ka pēpē (teratogens) i ka wā hāpai?

Inā he makuahine hānau ʻoe, ke kaʻapuni nei kou ao holoʻokoʻa a puni ka mea liʻiliʻi i loko o kou ʻōpū. Pehea ka nui o kāu hana e hāʻawi iā ia i ka mea maikaʻi loa, e pale iā ia mai nā pōʻino a pau? Akā me ka ʻike ʻole o kākou, aia kekahi mau mea e hiki ke hōʻeha i kā kākou pēpē. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke loaʻa i kā kākou meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau, a i ʻole ma ke kaiapuni a kākou e noho nei. Aia kahi inoa kūikawā no kēlā mau mea i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'teratogens'. Ke kamaʻilio nei kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā.

He aha kēia mau teratogens?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ia kekahi mea, inā e ʻai ʻia e ka makuahine i ka wā hāpai, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū a hoʻoulu i nā kīnā hānau (nā maʻi hānau). Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kemika, kekahi mau maʻi, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I kekahi manawa hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hāpai keiki, ka hānau mua ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka hānau make.

Ma waena o nā kumu o nā kīnā hānau, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i nā teratogens ke kumu o 4% a me 5% o nā kīnā hānau. He pilikia kēia e hiki ke pale ʻia inā ʻike mākou.

He aha ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka pōʻino o kēia mau mea?

E noʻonoʻo i kahi makuahine hāpai e pili ana i kahi mea e like me kēia. ʻAʻole like ka pōʻino i hana ʻia i ka pēpē no kēlā me kēia kanaka. Aia ia i kekahi mau kumu.

• ʻAno mea ʻino: ʻOi aku ka weliweli o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kemika ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe.
• Ka lōʻihi o ka hōʻike ʻana: ʻO ia hoʻi ka lōʻihi o kou hōʻike ʻana i ka mea.
• Ka nui o ka hōʻike ʻana (dose): ʻOi aku ka ʻino o ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi nui ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi.
• Kahua hāpai: He mea nui loa kēia. Hoʻomaka ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōpū o ke pēpē i nā pule mua o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ka pōʻino hiki ke loaʻa mai ka ʻike ʻana i kēia ʻano mea ka mea nui loa i kēlā manawa.
• Nā kumu hoʻoilina: I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā mana genetic mai ka makuahine a makua paha ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia i ke keiki.

He aha nā ʻano teratogens maʻamau a mākou e ʻike nei?

E nānā kākou i nā mea a kākou e hālāwai ai i ko kākou ola o kēlā me kēia lā e hiki ke hōʻeha i kahi pēpē. E hōʻike wau i kēia mau mea ma kahi papa ma ke ʻano maʻalahi e hoʻomaopopo.

E kamaʻilio hou kākou e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

E hopohopo paha ʻoe e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hāpai. E noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe, "He maikaʻi anei kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ka pēpē?" He mea maopopo ia. ʻO ka mea nui ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka. I kekahi manawa, pono e hāʻawi ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai no ke ola a i ʻole ke olakino o ka makuahine, ʻoiai inā he pilikia iki i ka pēpē. No ka laʻana, inā e hoʻōki ka makuahine me ka maʻi epilepsy i ka lawe ʻana i kāna lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino i ka makuahine a me ka pēpē ma mua o ka pōʻino mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No laila, kaupaona ke kauka i nā pilikia i ka makuahine a me ka pēpē a hana i ka hoʻoholo maikaʻi loa me ka pilikia haʻahaʻa loa.

I ka wā hea o ka hāpai ʻana he mea ʻino loa kēia mau mea?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka pili ʻana i kēia mau mea i kēlā me kēia manawa i ka wā hāpai he mea hōʻino ia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pilikia nui loa a me ka pōʻino e loaʻa i nā pule 8 mua o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO kēia no ka mea ke hoʻomaka nei nā ʻōpū nui o ka pēpē, e like me ka lolo, ka puʻuwai, nā lālā, a me ke kuamoʻo, e hana ʻia i kēia manawa. Inā komo kekahi mea ʻino i ke kino i ka wā palupalu loa o kēia mau hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻōpū, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia pololei i ka ulu ʻana o kēlā mau ʻōpū a hoʻoulu i nā kīnā hānau koʻikoʻi.

Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻo nā kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo Neural Tube Defects (NTDs), ʻo ia hoʻi nā kūlana kahi e pani pono ʻole ai ka neural tube kahi e hana ʻia ai ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal o ka pēpē, hiki ke hana ʻia i ka wā o 5 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu e ʻōlelo ai mākou e makaʻala mai ka manawa āu e hoʻolālā nei e hāpai.

He aha nā hemahema hānau e hiki ke hana ʻia e kēia mau teratogens?

Nui nā ʻano kīnā e hiki ke loaʻa mai kēia mau mea. ʻIke ʻia kekahi i ka wā hānau, a ʻike ʻia kekahi i ka wā e ulu ai ke keiki. ʻO kekahi o nā kīnā nui e ʻike ʻia:

• Nā pilikia o ka lolo a i ʻole ke kaula kuamoʻo:Eia kekahi laʻana, nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ka anencephaly, kahi i ulu pono ʻole ai ka lolo.
• Nā kīnā kino a i ʻole ke ʻano: Nā lālā kīnā, nā iwi liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻāpana kino i nalowale.
• Lehelehe māwae a me ka lehelehe.
• Nā kīnā noʻonoʻo a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana nerve: nā pilikia aʻo, nā pilikia pili i ka hana.
• Nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai: Nā lua i loko o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​maʻi puʻuwai paʻakikī ʻē aʻe.

No laila pehea mākou e pale ai i kā mākou mau keiki mai kēia mau pōʻino?

He mea nui loa kēia. Inā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau manaʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi nui i kēia pilikia.

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana inā hiki. A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kāohi i kou olakino, hoʻōki i ka puhipaka inā puhipaka ʻoe, a kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e hana i nā hoʻololi e pono ai.

Akā, ʻaʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia nā hāpai ʻana a pau. No laila e makaʻala i kēia mau mea mai ka lā āu e ʻike ai ua hāpai ʻoe.

• E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai: inā he huaora, he pila Panadol, a he lāʻau Ayurvedic paha. E haʻi iā lākou i nā mea āpau.
• E hoʻōki loa i ka waiʻona, nā cigarette, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a pau: ʻAʻohe mea e like me "ua maikaʻi kahi liʻiliʻi" a i ʻole "ua maikaʻi hoʻokahi cigarette" i ka wā hāpai. ʻO ka nui palekana loa he ʻole.
• Mai ʻohi i nā ʻōpala pōpoki: E noi i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka hale e hana i kēia hana, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻolaha i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo toxoplasmosis.
• E pale i ka wela nui: E noho mamao mai nā mea e hoʻonui nui ai i ka mahana o kou kino, e like me nā ʻauʻau wela a me nā sauna.
• E makaʻala i kāu ʻai: E pale i ka ʻai ʻana i nā iʻa nui (e like me ka tuna, mackerel) i kiʻekiʻe i ka mercury. Mai ʻai i ka ʻiʻo i moʻa ʻole ʻia, iʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hua maka.
• E makaʻala i kāu wahi hana: Inā ʻoe e hana me nā kemika, nā metala kaumaha, a i ʻole ka radiation, e kamaʻilio me kou haku hana a me ke kauka e pili ana i ia mea a hoʻololi i kahi hana palekana i kūpono no ka hāpai ʻana.

ʻO ka pale ʻana i kāu pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia mai kēia mau mea ʻino kekahi o nā mea nui loa āu e hiki ai ke hana e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hānau ʻana o kahi pēpē olakino. ʻO ka hana mua, ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana aia kēia mau mea a ke hoʻopilikia nei lākou i ka ulu ʻana o kāu pēpē. A laila, ma ka noho mamao ʻana mai iā lākou, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kāu pēpē i ka hoʻomaka maikaʻi loa i ke ola.