He aha nā lāʻau antidepressants tricyclic? E aʻo pono kākou e pili ana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau!

Ua kuhikuhi ʻia anei ʻoe e ke kauka i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko no ke kaumaha a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe? He mea ia paha kekahi o nā tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). ʻOiai ke kani iki nei ka inoa i mea weliweli, he mau lāʻau lapaʻau pono loa kēia i hoʻohana ʻia no nā maʻi he nui. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau TCA ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻomaopopo.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia mau antidepressants tricyclic (TCAs)?

ʻO nā antidepressants Tricyclic, a i ʻole TCA no ka pōkole, he papa lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi noʻonoʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo ka maʻi kaumaha nui . Eia nō naʻe, ke kuhikuhi nei nā kauka i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ma mua o ke kaumaha wale nō.

ʻO kēia mau TCA kekahi o nā papa lāʻau mua i ʻike ʻia e mālama i ke kaumaha. ʻO ia ke kumu e kapa ai mākou iā lākou he mau antidepressants "hanauna mua" . Akā i kēia manawa ua loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a palekana (e like me SSRI) e mālama i ke kaumaha, ʻaʻole nui ka poʻe kauka e kuhikuhi i kēia mau TCA ma ke ʻano he mau lāʻau lapaʻau laina mua no ke kaumaha.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau he "tricyclics" ma muli o ko lākou ʻano kemika. ʻEkolu ko lākou mau apo. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka inoa, ʻaʻohe mea e noʻonoʻo ai.

He aha nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e pili ana i ka hui TCA?

ʻO kēia kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau TCA nui i hoʻohana ʻia ma Sri Lanka a puni ka honua, me ko lākou mau inoa inoa. E ʻike inā ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka i kuhikuhi ai kekahi o kēia.

Eia kekahi, hoʻohana kūikawā ʻia ka lāʻau TCA ʻo Clomipramine (Anafranil®) e mālama i kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) .

He aha nā kūlana e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau TCA?

Ua ʻae nui ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i ke kaumaha. Akā e like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole hāʻawi mua nā kauka iā lākou no ke kaumaha. Inā ʻaʻole hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou ʻē aʻe (e like me SSRIs), malia paha e hoʻomaka ʻia kahi TCA. No ka mea, aia kekahi mau manawa e hana maikaʻi ai kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko ma mua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou no kekahi poʻe.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā TCA i kēia manawa ka mea kaulana loa no ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā mea i ʻae ʻia ai lākou. Kāhea mākou i kēia hoʻohana "off-label" . ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka Food and Drug Administration no kēlā kūlana, ua hōʻike ka noiʻi lapaʻau he pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā kūlana.

Eia kekahi mau hoʻohana "off-label" o nā TCA:

• No ka pale ʻana i nā migraines: No ka poʻe e ʻeha pinepine ana i ka migraines, kōkua kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka kaohi ʻana i ko lākou hanana.
• ʻIke ʻole: ʻO kekahi mau TCA, i ka wā e hāʻawi ʻia ai i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hiamoe maikaʻi.
• Nā maʻi hopohopo: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e kaohi i nā ʻano hopohopo like ʻole.
• ʻEha mau loa: ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hoʻohana nui o nā TCA i kēia lā. He kūpono loa lākou no ka ʻeha neuropathic . Eia kekahi laʻana:
• ʻO ka neuropathy e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes
• ʻO ka neuralgia postherpetic (ʻeha e kū mai ana ma hope o ka moa)
• Ke kūlana fibromyalgia
• Ka hoʻomaʻū ʻana i ka moe: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi manawa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e kāohi i ka mimi ʻana i ka pō i nā keiki.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou (SSRIs) a me kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau kahiko (TCAs)?

He mau papa lāʻau lapaʻau nā mea ʻelua e mālama ai i ke kaumaha. Akā aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i kēia ma ka nānā ʻana i ka papa ma lalo.

Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau TCA i loko o ke kino?

He mea maʻalahi loa kēia e hoʻomaopopo. Hoʻohana nā ʻiole nerve i loko o ko kākou lolo i nā kemika i kapa ʻia he neurotransmitters e hoʻouna i nā leka kekahi i kekahi. E like me nā mea lawe leka. He mea nui loa ʻelua o kēia mau neurotransmitters i ka kaohi ʻana i ko kākou ʻano. ʻO lākou ʻo norepinephrine a me serotonin .

I nā kūlana e like me ke kaumaha, emi nā pae o kēia mau kemika i loko o ka lolo. Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau TCA ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pae o ka norepinephrine a me ka serotonin i loko o ka lolo. ʻAe kēia i ka kamaʻilio maikaʻi ʻana ma waena o nā hunaola nerve, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano.

Ua ʻike pū nā kānaka noiʻi pehea e hōʻemi ai kēia mau lāʻau i ka ʻeha. Wahi a lākou e ālai ana kēia mau lāʻau i nā hōʻailona ʻeha mai ka hele ʻana ma o ko kākou kaula iwi kuamoʻo a i ka lolo, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka ʻeha a mākou e manaʻo nei.

Pehea e pono ai iaʻu ke lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a he aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao?

Loaʻa pinepine nā TCA ma ke ʻano he papa a i ʻole capsules. He mea nui loa ia e lawe i ka nui kikoʻī i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka.

Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, loaʻa i kēia nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Akā, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha, aʻo kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole paha e ʻike i kekahi.

Inā hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻoe e kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka me ka hoʻōki ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki paha ke mālama ʻia ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.

ʻO wai ka mea e makaʻala nui e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau TCA?

Akahele loa nā kauka i ke kuhikuhi ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi poʻe. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, pono ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻuwai: Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau TCA ke hoʻonui i kekahi mau kūlana puʻuwai, no laila e kauoha paha kāu kauka i kahi electrocardiogram (EKG) e nānā i ka hana o kou puʻuwai ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi epilepsy: Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻonui iki i kou pilikia o ka hopu ʻana.
• Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hoʻolālā ana e hāpai: ʻAʻole palekana loa nā lāʻau lapaʻau TCA i ka wā hāpai. Ua ʻike kekahi mau noiʻi hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōpū. No laila e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.

He ʻōlelo aʻo koʻikoʻi loa

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā keiki ma lalo o 25 mau makahiki, nā ʻōpio, a me nā ʻōpio ke ʻike i ka piʻi ʻana o nā manaʻo a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana pepehi kanaka ke hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai i nā pule mua.

Hiki paha ke overdose i ka lāʻau lapaʻau TCA?

ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma waena o nā ʻano antidepressants i kuhikuhi ʻia, ʻo TCAs ka hui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe loa o ka overdose. ʻO ia ke kumu ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e lawe ma mua o ka nui i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka.

Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi overdose ma ke kuhihewa, ka naʻaupō, a i ʻole ma ke kumu. No laila e mālama mau i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau me ka palekana mai ka hiki ʻana aku o nā keiki a me nā holoholona.

Nā hōʻailona o ka overdose

• Nā ʻano ʻino o ka puʻuwai (nā loli i ke ʻano o ka puʻuwai)
• Hāʻule haʻahaʻa loa ke koko
• Hiamoe nui
• Nā hopu ʻana
• Nā haʻalulu
• Ka huikau
• Koma

He pilikia olakino ka overdose TCA. Hiki ke make inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia. Inā he kānalua kou ua hana ʻia kēia iā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, e hele koke i ka Emergency Department (ETU) kokoke loa. Inā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke kelepona i ke National Poisons Information Centre ma ka Colombo National Hospital no ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.

I ka manawa hea e kamaʻilio ai me ke kauka

Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana ana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau TCA, he mea nui e noho mau i ka launa pū ʻana me kāu kauka. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana:

• Inā hoʻopilikia nui nā hopena ʻaoʻao iā ʻoe: Inā manaʻo ʻoe "he mea nui loa kēia e hoʻomanawanui," e haʻi i kāu kauka.
• Inā ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi a ʻoi aku paha ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona: Inā ʻaʻohe hoʻomaikaʻi ma hope o 4 mau pule a inā paha e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o nā hōʻailona, ​​e haʻi i kāu kauka.
• Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana e hoʻōki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau: Mai hoʻōki koke i ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hōʻeha ai i nā hōʻailona haʻalele. Inā hoʻōki ʻoe, e hana pēlā e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka, e hoʻēmi mālie ana i ka nui.

ʻOiai ua kahiko kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea pono loa ia inā hoʻohana pono ʻia . No laila, inā he mau nīnau kāu, makaʻu, a kānalua paha e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea. Ua mākaukau ʻo ia e kōkua iā ʻoe.