Ke lilo nei kou ʻike i mea pōwehiwehi? Ke ʻike nei ʻoe i nā kiko ʻeleʻele i mua o kou mau maka? He Wet Macular Degeneration paha ia!

Ke manaʻo nei hoʻi ʻoe e loli iki ana kou ʻike maka i kou wā ʻelemakule? I kekahi manawa ke nānā ʻoe i kahi puke a nūpepa paha, manaʻo paha ʻoe ʻaʻole maopopo nā leka, a i ʻole ke manaʻo nei ʻoe e ʻike kokoke ana i nā mea? ʻOiai he mau mea maʻamau kēia e hana ʻia i kou wā ʻelemakule, i kekahi manawa he mea kēia e pono ai ʻoe e hopohopo hou aʻe. ʻĀ, he ʻano koʻikoʻi kēia e hana ʻia ana i loko o ka maka i kapa ʻia ʻo ka wet macular degeneration, a i ʻole `(Wet Macular Degeneration - WMD)`. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā.

He aha ka Wet Macular Degeneration?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka wet macular degeneration kahi ʻano ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi a ʻoi aku ka holomua o ka Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD), kahi kūlana e hoʻopilikia ai i ko mākou mau maka i ko mākou wā ʻelemakule. I kēia manawa ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka ARMD. He kūlana ia e hōʻino ai i ka macula , kahi ʻāpana o ka maka e kōkua iā mākou e ʻike maopopo i ko mākou wā ʻelemakule.

No laila, i ka wā e lilo ai kēia ʻano i mea koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka wet macular degeneration (WMD), hoʻomaka nā kīʻaha koko hou, akā ʻaʻole olakino, e hana ma lalo o ka membrane i kapa ʻia ʻo ka retina i loko o ka maka. Ma muli o ka nāwaliwali loa o kēia mau kīʻaha koko hou, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻokahe i ke koko a me nā wai. Hiki i kēia koko a me nā wai e hoʻokahe ana ke hōʻino i nā cell i loko o ka retina a lilo i ko mākou ʻike, ʻoiai ka ʻike waena . I mea pololei, ʻo ia ka mea āu e ʻike ai ke nānā pololei ʻoe i mua.

E noʻonoʻo, ke nānā aku ʻoe i ka maka o kekahi, ua pohihihi ka waena o ka maka, a ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea a puni. ʻO ia ka mea e hana ʻia ma kēia hihia.

Hiki i kēia kahe koko ke hana i ka ʻiʻo ʻeha. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻino hou aku i ka macula, e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻike. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i kēia kahe koko a me ka ʻiʻo ʻeha ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale mau loa o ka ʻike. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua , hiki iā ia ke pale i ka hōʻino mau loa a i ʻole e pale aku i ka ʻino o ka ʻike. No laila, inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kou ʻike, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike i kahi loea maka (ophthalmologist) i ka hikiwawe loa.

ʻO nā inoa ʻē aʻe a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai no kēia maʻi ʻo ia ka "exudative macular degeneration" a me ka "neovascular macular degeneration. ʻO "Exudate" ka huaʻōlelo lapaʻau no "leaking fluid." Mai laila mai ka inoa.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi?

ʻO ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka `(ARMD)` e piʻi aʻe ana i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike i nā poʻe ma luna o 60 mau makahiki. Ma kahi o 10% a 20% o ka poʻe me `(ARMD)` e loaʻa i ke ʻano pulu `(WMD).` ʻO ia hoʻi, ma waena o 10 a me 20 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e ʻeha nei i kēia maʻi.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka wet macular degeneration?

ʻO kēia kūlana `(WMD)` ke kumu o ka nalowale ʻeha ʻole o ka ʻike waena.Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia nā maka ʻelua, akā i kekahi manawa hoʻokahi maka ka nui o ka hoʻopilikia ʻia a ʻo kekahi ka liʻiliʻi.

Eia kekahi o nā hōʻailona nui:

• Ke ʻike ʻana i nā kiko ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kikokikona e lana ana i mua o nā maka .
• Ka ʻike pōwehiwehi , ʻoiai ke nānā kokoke aku.
• Ka mae ʻana a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike kala . ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o ka polū a me ka melemele.
• ʻIke ʻino / metamorphopsia . No ka laʻana, ʻike ʻia paha ua kīkoʻo ʻia nā kaola o ka puka makani.
• ʻIke ʻana i nā mea liʻiliʻi ma mua o ko lākou ʻano maoli (micropsia) .
• Nā wahi ʻike pouli .
• Nā kiko makapō / scotomas .
• Ka nalowale piha ʻana o ka ʻike waena, me ka ʻike peripheral wale nō i koe .

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e ʻike koke aku i kahi ophthalmologist.

He aha nā kumu o ka wet macular degeneration?

He mea paʻakikī ke kuhikuhi i hoʻokahi kumu no kēia maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ``(WMD).`` Akā, ua hui pū nā kumu pilikia he nui e hoʻonui i ka likelika o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia maʻi.

Eia kekahi o kēlā mau kumu pilikia a me nā kumu kōkua:

• Makahiki : I kou wā ʻelemakule, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ʻano macular degeneration.
• Ka mana hoʻoilina a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana : ʻO kekahi mau loli (nā hoʻololi) i loko o nā genes (DNA) āu e hoʻoilina ai mai kou mau mākua mai e hoʻonui paha i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka WMD. Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana ka maʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou loaʻa ʻana iā ia.
• Lāhui : ʻO ka poʻe o ka hanauna ʻEulopa ka mea i loaʻa i ka pilikia nui loa o ka ulu ʻana (WMD). ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka poʻe o ka hanauna ʻApelika.
• ʻIke Meaʻai : ʻO ka nele i kekahi mau wikamina (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā wikamina C a me E) , nā minelala ( keleawe a me ka zinc ), a me nā ʻāpana wikamina A a i ʻole nā ​​​​meaʻai pili (beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin) e kōkua paha i ka WMD.
• Wahi honua : Inā ʻoe e noho kokoke ana i ka equator, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou ʻike ʻana i ka mālamalama. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i kumu kōkua.
• ʻO kekahi mau ʻano maʻamau : Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka ke kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o (WMD).
• Nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe : ʻO nā kūlana e like me ke kolamu kiʻekiʻe (hypercholesterolemia), ke koko kiʻekiʻe (hypertension), a me nā maʻi cardiovascular (maʻi cardiovascular) hiki ke kōkua i ka WMD. Aia nō nā hōʻike i hui pū ʻia inā he kōkua pū ka maʻi diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus - Type 1 a me Type 2).

He aha nā pilikia o kēia maʻi?

ʻO ka pilikia nui o ka wet macular degeneration ka nalowale o ka ʻike waena.Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, ma waena o 80% a me 90% o ka poʻe me WMD e nalowale ana ko lākou ʻike a hiki i kahi e manaʻo ʻia ai he makapō kū kānāwai. ʻO ia hoʻi, lilo ko lākou ʻike i mea palupalu loa a hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā.

Pehea e ʻike ai i ka degeneration macular wet?

Hiki i kekahi loea maka, no ka laʻana he ophthalmologist a he loea retina paha, ke ʻike i ka WMD me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hui pū ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano hana.

ʻO ka hana mua, he hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau . I loko o kēia manawa, hiki iā lākou ke nānā pololei i kou retina. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hana lima i kapa ʻia he ophthalmoscope , a i ʻole ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāu pupil a me ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua kukui slit . Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i kahi grid maʻalahi i kapa ʻia he hoʻokolohua maka grid Amsler . Hiki i kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mau hewa i kāu ʻike (ʻike ʻia ka grid ua kīkoʻo ʻia ma muli o nā hewa i loko o kou retina).

Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻokolokolo maka a me ka hoʻokolokolo kukui slit, hiki i kahi kauka maka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi diagnostic noninvasive. Hiki i kēia ke nānā i nā ʻano kūloko a me nā kīʻaha koko ma ke kua o kou maka. ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia:

• ʻO ka Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) : Ua like kēia me kahi scan e lawe ana i nā kiʻi ʻokiʻoki o loko o ka maka.
• ʻO ka angiography Fluorescein : ʻO kēia ke komo ʻana i kahi dye i loko o kahi aʻa i kou lima a lawe i nā kiʻi i kona hele ʻana ma o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o kou maka.
• ʻO ka angiography ʻōmaʻomaʻo Indocyanine (ICGA) : He hoʻāʻo kēia e hoʻohana ana i kahi ʻano dye ʻē aʻe, e like me ka mea ma mua.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai kēia?

He maʻi hiki ke mālama ʻia ka wet macular degeneration inā ʻike mua ʻia . ʻElua ala nui e mālama ai i ka WMD: nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kaʻina hana laser .

Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ālai ʻana i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) , kahi a ko mākou kino e hoʻohana ai e hana i nā kīʻaha koko hou. Ke ālai ʻia ʻo VEGF, e pau ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻoki pololei ʻana i loko o kou maka . Mai makaʻu, ʻoiai ke ʻōlelo nei lākou ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kou maka, ua hana ʻia lākou ma ka hoʻomānoino ʻana i kou maka a hiki i ka wā ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo.

Eia kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau e ālai ana i ka VEGF:

• ʻAflibercept
• ʻO Bevacizumab
• ʻO Brolucizumab
• ʻO Faricimab
• ʻO Ranibizumab

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana i ka laser no WMD, ʻo ia ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou a, inā hiki, e hoʻēmi iā lākou. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ke ʻoki laser, pili ia i kahi o nā kīʻaha koko hou ma lalo o kou macula a me kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā inikini ma mua o nā mālama ʻana i ka laser.

Hiki i kāu loea maka ke wehewehe pono i kāu mau koho lapaʻau. ʻO ka ʻike a lākou e hāʻawi ai ka mea pili loa a kōkua no kou kūlana kikoʻī . E haʻi pū lākou iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua nui iā ʻoe.

He aha ka manaʻolana no ka wet macular degeneration?

ʻO ke kūlana no ke kūlana `(WMD)`, ʻo ia hoʻi, pehea ka maikaʻi o kona hoʻōla ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻano o kona ʻike ʻana, e hilinaʻi ʻia ana i kekahi mau kumu. Eia kēia mau mea:

• Auē ka ʻino o kou kūlana `(WMD)`.
• ʻAuhea ka hōʻino i loko o kou macula?
• Nā koho lapaʻau hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa, a ke loaʻa nei paha.
• Nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe āu.

Ma muli o ka nui o nā kumu e hoʻopilikia i kou ʻike maka, hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa kou ʻano. Hiki i kāu loea maka ke haʻi iā ʻoe i kou ʻano e pili ana i kou kūlana kikoʻī .

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka wet macular degeneration?

No ka mea, he nui nā kumu a me nā kumu pilikia e kōkua ai i ka ulu ʻana o `(WMD)`, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale loa iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka ulu ʻana a i ʻole e hoʻopaneʻe i kona ulu ʻana.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku ai a hoʻopaneʻe paha i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka AMD ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka degeneration macular maloʻo, ke ʻano emi iki o ka AMD. Eia kekahi mau ʻanuʻu e ʻōlelo aku ai kāu kauka maka:

• E hoʻohana i kahi grid Amsler i kēlā me kēia lā . Hiki i kāu kauka maka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi grid Amsler e hoʻohana ai ma ka home a hōʻike iā ʻoe pehea e hoʻohana ai. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea ʻino i kou ʻike, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku i kāu kauka maka i ka wā hikiwawe. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hōʻino retinal hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike.
• E kipa aku i kāu kauka maka no nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau . Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka WMD i ka wā mua.
• E lawe i nā mea hoʻopihapiha meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā . Loaʻa i kēia mau mea ka huaora C, ka huaora E, ke keleawe, ka zinc, ka lutein, ka zeaxanthin, a me ka beta-carotene. (Mai lawe i ka beta-carotene inā ʻoe e puhipaka ana, no ka mea, hoʻonui ia i kou pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.)
• E ho'ōki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka, a i ʻole mai hoʻomaka . Hoʻokomo pū kēia i nā ʻano āpau o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka/nicotine, me ka vaping a me ka paka uahi ʻole. Hiki i kāu kauka ke haʻi iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā kumuwaiwai e kōkua iā ʻoe e haʻalele.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā aniani maka. Hiki i ka lā ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka macular degeneration (MWD). Hiki i nā aniani maka ke hōʻemi i nā hopena o ka lā ma kou mau maka.
• E noho hana ikaika . Kōkua ka hana kino i kou olakino ma nā ʻano he nui, me ke olakino o kou retina.
• E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino . He nui nā mea e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi (WMD) e pili ana i kou olakino kino holoʻokoʻa.

Aia kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka nalowale o ka ʻike mai WMD. Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kāu mea hiki ke hana, e nīnau i kāu kauka maka. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ke alakaʻi a me nā kumuwaiwai e hiki ke kōkua.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho inā loaʻa iaʻu ka wet macular degeneration?

Ke hoʻomaka ʻoe e nalowale i kou ʻike ma muli o (WMD), hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia nui. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i kou hiki ke noho kūʻokoʻa a me kāu hana maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā.

Inā ua nalowale kou ʻike ma muli o `(WMD)`, aia nō nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e kōkua iā ʻoe iho. Eia nā mea:

• E nīnau i kāu kauka maka e pili ana i ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻike haʻahaʻa . Ua like kēia me ka hoʻōla kino a ʻoihana paha, akā no kou mau maka. Ke aʻo aku nei kēia ʻano hoʻōla iā ʻoe e hoʻololi a hana a puni nā loli i kou ʻike āu i loaʻa mua.
• E hoʻohana i nā mea hana a me nā ʻenehana . Hiki i nā mea ʻenehana haʻahaʻa e like me nā aniani hoʻonui a i ʻole nā ​​aniani ke maʻalahi i nā hana a me nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā. Hiki i nā mea ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe e like me nā polokalamu kelepona a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea uila kūikawā ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻololi i kou nalowale ʻike a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli. Hiki i kāu kauka maka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kikoʻī a me ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mea hana (ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ʻenehana haʻahaʻa) e kōkua paha iā ʻoe.
• E hoʻohana pono i nā kumuwaiwai a me ke kōkua i loaʻa iā ʻoe . Ma muli o kou wahi e noho ai, aia paha nā hui aupuni a me nā hui kūʻokoʻa e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe me kāu mau pono o kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noho kūʻokoʻa a hoʻomaʻalahi i kou ola.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i kaʻu kauka maka?

E paipai kāu kauka maka i kahi papa hana kipa e mālama i kou kūlana WMD a hoʻololi i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau inā pono. He mea nui loa kēia mau kipa e kaupalena i ka nalowale o ka ʻike.

Eia kekahi, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli i kou ʻike, no ka laʻana, nā ʻano ʻē e kū mai ana ke hoʻāʻo ʻoe i kou mau maka me kahi Amsler grid, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke aku i kāu loea maka .

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka maka?

Eia kekahi mau nīnau āu e makemake ai e nīnau aku i kāu loea maka:

• Pehea ka ʻino o koʻu kūlana `(WMD)`?
• He aha ka manawa kūpono no ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike, a he aha kaʻu e hana ai e hōʻemi a kaupalena paha i ka pōʻino?
• Ke hoʻopilikia nei anei kahi o nā loli i loko o ka macula i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hana ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana o ka holomua ʻana o kēlā mau lāʻau lapaʻau?
• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke kaupalena i nā pōʻino hou aʻe?
• He aha nā kumuwaiwai a me ke kōkua e hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa?
• E pōmaikaʻi anei au mai ka lāʻau hoʻōla maka?

ʻO ka ʻike maka he ʻano ia a ka poʻe he nui e hoʻohana ai i ko lākou ola o kēlā me kēia lā, pinepine me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole ʻana. Hiki i ka nalowale ʻana o kou ʻike maka ke lilo i mea hoʻonāukiuki a hoʻonāukiuki hoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e kaupalena i ka pōʻino, pale i ka nalowale hou ʻana o ka ʻike maka, a hoʻololi i nā loli e hana nei.

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e aʻo ai e pili ana i kāu mea hiki ke hana e pili ana i kēia kūlana, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka maka. E alakaʻi ʻo ia iā ʻoe ma o nā ʻanuʻu a me nā hoʻololi e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono wale i kēia kūlana a i ʻole kona hopena, aia lākou ma laila e kōkua iā ʻoe.

Nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, e hōʻuluʻulu kākou i kekahi o nā kumu nui e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo mai nā mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai:

• ʻO ka wet macular degeneration (WMD) kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). He kūlana ia e hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā kīʻaha koko hou a nāwaliwali i loko o ka maka, hiki ke hoʻokahe i ke koko a lilo i ka ʻike waena.
• Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me nā kiko ʻeleʻele i mua o nā maka, ka ʻike pohihihi, a me ka ʻike pohihihi. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e ʻike koke i ke kauka.
• Inā ʻike mua ʻia kēia, hiki ke mālama ʻia . Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau maka, nā inikini, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau laser.
• Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e pale aku , e like me ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai maikaʻi, ka pale ʻana i ka puhipaka, ke kau ʻana i nā aniani maka, a me ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia maʻi, he mea nui loa ia e launa mau me kāu kauka maka a hahai i kā lākou ʻōlelo aʻo. Aia kekahi mau ʻano hana a me nā mea hana e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ola me ka ʻike haʻahaʻa.

No laila, aia i kou mau lima ka mālama ʻana i kou mau maka. Inā he kānalua a pilikia paha kāu, mai kānalua e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

ʻO ka macular degeneration, wet macular degeneration, WMD, ARMD, ʻike maka, nā maʻi maka, macula