ʻO ka momona kino (Lipids): Ka maikaʻi, ka maikaʻi ʻole, a me nā mea e pono ai mākou e ʻike

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo e like me Cholesterol a me Triglycerides ke nānā ʻoe i kahi hōʻike koko? Malia paha ua haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe, "Ua kiʻekiʻe iki kou cholesterol, e makaʻala." Makaʻu iki mākou a pau i ka huaʻōlelo 'cholesterol', ʻeā? Akā he aha kēia mau Lipids, a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e kapa mau nei iā lākou, nā momona i loko o ko mākou kino? He mea ʻino wale nō lākou no ko mākou kino? A i ʻole he mau mea maikaʻi? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā e hoʻomaopopo i nā nīnau a pau āu e noʻonoʻo nei.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia mau lipids?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he hui nā lipids o nā hui kemika i loko o ko kākou kino he ʻano momona a waxy paha. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui loa, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai. E noʻonoʻo inā ʻoe e kau i kahi ʻaila niu i loko o ke aniani wai, e lana ana ia ma luna, akā ʻaʻole ia e hui pū me ka wai, ʻeā? Pēlā i loaʻa ai nā lipids i loko o ko kākou koko.

He mea nui kēia mau lipid no nā hana koʻikoʻi he nui i loko o ko kākou kino. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole wale nā ​​lipid he "ʻino". Akā, e like me nā mea āpau, kū mai nā pilikia ke nui loa lākou.

Nā ʻano lipid a mākou e lohe pinepine ai a me kā lākou mau moʻolelo

Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā lipids, he mea nui e ʻike e pili ana i kekahi mau mea pāʻani koʻikoʻi. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia mau inoa ma mua.

1. Kolesterol: ʻO kēia ka lālā kaulana loa o ka ʻohana lipid. He mea nui ka cholesterol no ko mākou kino e omo i nā momona a me nā huaora a hana i nā hormones.

2. Triglycerides: ʻO kēia ke ala nui o ko mākou kino e mālama ai i ka ikehu. Hoʻololi ʻia nā calorie keu a mākou e loaʻa ai mai ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai i triglycerides e ke kino a mālama ʻia i loko o nā hunaola momona.

Akā, aia kekahi pilikia iki ma ʻaneʻi. E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cholesterol a me nā triglycerides i ka wai. ʻO ka hapa nui o ko kākou koko he wai. No laila pehea lākou e hele ai ma ke koko a puni ke kino?

ʻO kēia mau lipoproteins kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka moʻolelo cholesterol 'maikaʻi' a me 'maikaʻi ʻole' a mākou i lohe ai.

Nā pono ʻē aʻe o nā lipids no ko mākou kino

Ma waho aʻe o ka pilikia cholesterol, he nui nā pono ʻē aʻe o nā lipids no ko mākou kino.

• Ka mālama ʻana a me ka halihali ʻana i ka ikehu: Hana ʻo Triglycerides ma ke ʻano he mālama nui i ka ikehu i loko o ko mākou kino.
• Ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā leka i nā pūnaewele: ʻO nā hormones steroid kahi ʻano lipid e hoʻouna i nā leka ma waena o nā pūnaewele i loko o ko mākou kino.
• Kōkua i ka ʻeli ʻana: ʻO nā paʻakai bile, i hana ʻia e ke akepaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cholesterol, kōkua i ka ʻeli ʻana i nā momona i nā meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai.
• Ke pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana: Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i loko o ko kākou kino kahi uhi waho. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka membrane cell. Hana ʻia kēia me nā lipids. Ua like ia me ka puka o kahi hale. Hoʻoholo kēia uhi lipid i ka mea hiki ke komo i loko o ke ʻāpana a me ka mea hiki ke puka i waho.

Nā maʻi e kū mai ana ke hoʻopilikia ʻia nā pae lipid

ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ko mākou kino i ka nui o nā lipids e pono ai. Akā i kekahi manawa nalowale kēia kaulike. A laila, hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi like ʻole.

• Hyperlipidemia: ʻO kēia ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā pae lipid (cholesterol, triglycerides) i loko o ke koko.
• ʻO Hypolipidemia: He haʻahaʻa kēia o nā lipids i loko o ke koko. He kūlana kakaikahi loa kēia.
• Atherosclerosis: ʻO kēia ka hopena weliweli loa. Hōʻiliʻili ka LDL a i ʻole ka cholesterol "maikaʻi ʻole" i loko o nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou e wili a paʻakikī mai loko mai. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "paʻakikī o nā aʻa."
• Maʻi ʻAʻa Coronary: He kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka paʻa ʻana o nā ʻaʻa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i nā hōʻeha puʻuwai.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae triglyceride i loko o ke koko.

Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i nā pae lipid kiʻekiʻe?

ʻO ka mea weliweli loa ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻole i ʻike ka nui o ka poʻe i kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​ʻaʻohe mea pehea ke kiʻekiʻe o ko lākou pae kolesterol koko . ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai e kekahi poʻe ʻo ka "pepehi kanaka leo ʻole." ʻIke wale ʻia nā hōʻailona ma hope o ka haiki ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi poʻe me nā pae cholesterol kiʻekiʻe loa ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Xanthelasma: Nā ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, melemele ma ka ʻili a puni nā maka, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma loko o ka maka.
• Xanthoma: He puʻu i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka waiho ʻana o ka momona ma lalo o ka ʻili ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, ʻoi aku hoʻi a puni nā hono o nā lālā.
• ʻO Corneal Arcus: He apo keʻokeʻo a hina paha a puni ka cornea o ka maka. He mea maʻamau kēia i ko kākou wā ʻelemakule, akā inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia i loko o kahi ʻōpio, he hōʻailona paha ia o nā pae cholesterol kiʻekiʻe.

Pehea e ʻike ai au i ke ʻano o koʻu pae lipid?

ʻO ke ala wale nō e ʻike ai i nā pae lipid o kou kino, ʻo ia ke loaʻa ʻana o kahi hoʻāʻo koko i kapa ʻia he lipid profile . He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi loa kēia.

Eia kekahi, e pale i ka lawe ʻana i kēia hoʻāʻo ke maʻi ʻoe a i ʻole ke kaumaha, no ka mea, ʻokoʻa iki paha nā hopena i ia mau manawa. E haʻi pū i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei.

He aha ka ʻōlelo a nā helu ma ka hōʻike?

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā waiwai i loko o kahi hōʻike Lipid Profile penei (he mau waiwai maʻamau kēia, a hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoponopono i nā pahuhopu e pili ana i kou kūlana olakino):

• Ka nui o ka cholesterol: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o 200 mg/dL.
• LDL Cholesterol ("maikaʻi ʻole"): ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma lalo o 130 mg/dL. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka maʻi puʻuwai, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e mālama iā ia ma lalo o 100 mg/dL a i ʻole 70 mg/dL.
• Kolesterol HDL ("maikaʻi"): Ua manaʻo ʻia he palekana ma luna o 60 mg/dL. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
• Triglycerides: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma lalo o 150 mg/dL.

Nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e kāohi i nā pae lipid

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻomalu nui ʻia nā pae lipid ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ko mākou nohona.

1. Nā loli i ka ʻai

• E hōʻemi i ka momona paʻa: ʻO kēia nā ʻenemi nui e hoʻonui ai i ko mākou pae LDL. E hōʻemi i ka nui o nā meaʻai me ka nui o ka wai niu, nā meaʻai ʻaila, ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula (pipi, puaʻa), nā huahana waiū momona piha (tīhi, pata), a me ka meaʻai wikiwiki.
• E koho i nā momona maikaʻi: ʻO nā nati e like me ka ʻaila ʻoliva, ka ʻaila canola, ka avocados, ka pīnati, a me nā cashews he mau momona olakino.
• E ʻai i nā meaʻai waiwai i ka fiber: E hoʻokomo i nā palaoa piha (laiki ʻeleʻele, ʻoka, bale), nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, a me nā legumes (chickpeas, peas, beans ʻōmaʻomaʻo). Kōkua ka fiber i ka wehe ʻana i ka cholesterol mai ke kino.
• E hōʻemi i nā meaʻai kō a me ka palaoa: ʻO nā mea e like me nā mea inu ʻono, nā keke, nā biscuits, a me ka berena e hoʻonui i ko mākou pae triglyceride.

2. Hoʻoikaika kino

Ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā hoʻoikaika kino e like me ka hele wāwae wikiwiki, ka holo ʻana, ke kaʻa paikikala, a i ʻole ka ʻauʻau ʻana no ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau minuke i ka lā, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 5 mau lā o ka pule, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i kāu mau pae cholesterol "maikaʻi" HDL a hoʻemi i kāu mau pae LDL a me triglyceride "maikaʻi ʻole".

3. Nā loli ʻē aʻe o ke ʻano o ka nohona

• E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino: I ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha o ke kino, piʻi pū kekahi nā pae lipid. ʻO ka hōʻemi iki ʻana i ke kaumaha hiki ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui.
• E pale loa i ka puhipaka: Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka puhipaka i nā pae kolesterol HDL ("maikaʻi") a hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko, e hoʻolalelale ana i ke kaʻina hana o ka atherosclerosis.
• Hiamoe maikaʻi: He mea nui loa ka hiamoe lawa no 7-9 mau hola i ka lā no ke olakino holoʻokoʻa.
• E hahai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka: Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke kāohi ʻia kou pae lipid me nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona wale nō, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO Statins ka papa lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia. Aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e like me nā mea hoʻopaʻa bile acid, fibrates, a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa PCSK9 . He mea nui e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka e kuhikuhi ai e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana.