Koj puas tau xav txog lub cev hauv peb lub cev uas ua haujlwm zoo li cov tub rog me me, sib ntaus sib tua loj los cawm peb ntawm cov kab mob? Zoo, peb lub cev muaj lub cev tiv thaiv zoo kawg nkaus. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog 'Complement System' uas peb yuav tham txog hnub no. Txawm hais tias lub npe txawv me ntsis, nws ua haujlwm zoo heev!
Yog li, qhov tseeb tiag tiag tshwm sim nrog qhov system no?
Hais yooj yim xwb, lub kaw lus sib txuas lus zoo li
kab pem hauv ntej ntawm kev tiv thaiv hauv peb lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Xav txog nws zoo li ib pab tub rog tiv thaiv peb lub teb chaws. Yog li, lub kaw lus sib txuas lus zoo li ib pab tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv pab tub rog ntawd. Nws yog thawj tus mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nws muaj ntau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb:
- Nws paub thiab tsom mus rau tej yam uas ua rau peb lub cev puas tsuaj, xws li cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob (piv txwv li cov kab mob bacteria). Nws zoo li paub ib tug yeeb ncuab.
- Thaum muaj qhov txhab lossis kev kis kab mob qhov twg hauv lub cev, nws pab kho qhov chaw ntawd. Ntawd yog, thaum muaj qhov txhab , nws o thiab ua liab, puas yog? Cov txheej txheem ntawd, uas yog, nws kuj pab tswj ' o '. Qhov no yog ib qho zoo thaum xav tau.
- Nws tshem tawm cov hlwb puas tsuaj ntawm peb lub cev, ua rau muaj kev rau cov hlwb tshiab loj hlob. Nws zoo li tshem tawm cov khoom tawg thiab ua chaw rau cov khoom tshiab.
- Cov kab mob txawv teb chaws, uas yog, cov kab mob los ntawm sab nraud, raug tshem tawm ntawm peb lub cev.
Lo lus Askiv 'complement' txhais tau tias 'ua kom tiav' lossis 'pab'. Yog li ntawd, lub kaw lus no tau txais nws lub npe vim nws pab lwm cov hlwb tiv thaiv hauv peb lub cev, ua rau lawv txoj haujlwm ua tiav ntau dua.
Cov tswv cuab ntawm lub kaw lus qhuas no yog leej twg?
Zoo, tam sim no cia peb saib leej twg nyob hauv pab tub rog tiv thaiv no. Lub kaw lus sib txuas no yog ua los ntawm
cov protein tshwj xeeb . Peb hu
cov protein plasma no. Cov no nyob hauv peb cov ntshav. Lawv tsuas pom tau meej yog tias koj saib lawv hauv qab lub tshuab microscope. Xav txog seb, muaj
li ntawm 50 cov protein plasma zoo li cov no hauv peb lub cev uas koom nrog lub kaw lus sib txuas no! Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
Cov protein no pib ua haujlwm li cas?
Qhov no yog ib zaj dab neeg nthuav heev. Cov protein no feem ntau
pw tsaug zog hauv peb lub cev, txhais tau tias lawv 'tawm'. Zoo li lawv tab tom pw tsaug zog. Tab sis, yog tias muaj xwm txheej ceev, piv txwv li, yog tias peb raug mob rau peb lub cev, lossis yog tias muaj kab mob nkag mus, ces cov neeg no sawv, txhais tau tias
lawv 'nyob'. Txoj kev uas qhov no tshwm sim yog qhov txawv heev.
Nws zoo li kev ua si dominoes.Koj puas tau pom ib kab ntawm cov dominoes thiab thaum ib qho poob, nws poob thiab khob qhov tom ntej, thiab qhov tom ntej poob thiab khob qhov tom ntej ... Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm no, ib yam nkaus. Thaum ib qho protein raug qhib, nws mus txuas ntxiv thiab qhib cov protein tom ntej. Qhov tom ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov tom ntej ... Thiab yog li ntawd, cov protein raug qhib ib qho tom qab lwm qhov. Peb hu qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke no ua
'cascade' . Thaum txhua tus protein raug qhib, nws ua nws txoj haujlwm, thiab cov protein tom ntej raug qhib. Muaj kev teeb tsa zoo heev, puas yog?
Qhov system complement no nyob qhov twg hauv peb lub cev?
Cov protein tseem ceeb no yog tsim nyob rau hauv peb
lub siab . Lawv raug tsim nyob ntawd, tom qab ntawd lawv nkag mus rau hauv peb cov ntshav, thiab lawv mus ncig thoob plaws peb lub cev. Lawv kuj mus rau peb cov nqaij. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias, cov tub rog no tau saib xyuas yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv peb lub cev, nrhiav teeb meem qhov twg.
Yuav ua li cas chaos tshwm sim hauv lub complement system?
Tam sim no koj paub lawm tias lub kaw lus no tseem ceeb heev rau peb lub cev tiv thaiv. Yog li, yuav ua li cas yog tias muaj qhov tsis zoo lossis qhov yuam kev hauv qhov no? Xav txog seb yuav ua li cas yog
tias peb cov tub rog ruaj ntseg tsis txaus cov tub rog lossis yog tias lawv tsis muaj riam phom zoo? Lub tebchaws yuav tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb, puas yog? Yog li ntawd nws yog. Teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob txoj kev: 1. Yog tias cov protein complement tsis ua haujlwm zoo, lossis yog tias tsis muaj txaus ntawm lawv (complement deficiency): Yog tias cov protein no tsawg lossis yog tias lawv tsis ua haujlwm zoo, peb
lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsis muaj zog. Tom qab ntawd peb raug hu ua
'immunocompromised' . Cov neeg zoo li no tuaj yeem kis tau kab mob ntau zaus. Qee zaum cov kab mob no tuaj yeem loj heev. Ib qho piv txwv yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai hu ua
sepsis . 2.
Yog tias cov protein complement ua haujlwm ntau dhau (overactivity): Qee zaum cov protein no dhau los ua overactive. Lawv raug ua haujlwm ntau zaus thiab tsis tsim nyog. Qhov tshwm sim ces yog tias peb cov hlwb noj qab haus huv kuj tuaj yeem puas tsuaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam
mob autoimmune , qhov twg peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam peb lub cev, thiab
cov mob o . Qee qhov mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub kaw lus complement hauv txoj kev no yog:
Cov tsos mob dab tsi uas qhia tau tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub cev sib txuas lus yog dab tsi?
Yog tias lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm zoo, peb hais tias peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. Tom qab ntawd, qee cov tsos mob yuav tshwm sim hauv peb lub cev.
Yog tias cov no tshwm sim ntau zaus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thiab nrhiav kev pab tswv yim. Cov tsos mob feem ntau yog:
- Kab mob sib kis ntau zaus. Yog tias koj mob khaub thuas thiab mob ntsws ntau zaus, lossis yog tias koj mob ib zaug xwb thiab siv sijhawm ntev heev los kho.
- Xav tias nkees tas li (Qaug zog). Ib qho kev xav tias tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tawm qhov nkees txawm tias tom qab pw tsaug zog zoo lawm los xij.
- Mob pob qij txha.
- Kev o / o ntawm ntau qhov ntawm lub cev.
Muaj kev kuaj dab tsi los xyuas seb kuv lub cev ua haujlwm zoo li cas?
Yog tias koj mob ntau zaus, lossis muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob uas tau hais los saum toj no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab kuaj xyuas koj lub cev complement system. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav
los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav .
- Kev kuaj xyuas cov protein complement: Qhov no suav nrog kev coj koj cov ntshav thiab saib seb muaj pes tsawg cov protein complement nyob hauv thiab lawv ua haujlwm zoo li cas. Qee cov protein yuav raug saib ib qho zuj zus lossis tag nrho. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab koj tus kws kho mob nrhiav seb koj lub cev complement puas tsis muaj zog lossis ua haujlwm ntau dhau.
Koj kawm tau dab tsi los ntawm qhov kev xeem no:
- Vim li cas koj thiaj kis tau kab mob ntau zaus?
- Puas muaj kab mob autoimmune, thiab yog tias muaj, kev kho mob zoo npaum li cas?
- Feem ntau, koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li cas?
Ntxiv mus, yog tias xav tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kws kho mob yuav ua lwm yam kev kuaj mob. Piv txwv li:
- Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC): Qhov no muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ntau hom qe ntshav hauv cov ntshav (cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov qe ntshav dawb).
- Cov theem Immunoglobulin (antibody): Cov no kuj yog cov protein tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Cov kev kho mob rau cov kab mob ntawm lub cev complement yog dab tsi?
Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub cev complement, kev kho mob nyob ntawm
kev tswj cov tsos mob thiab kho qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem (piv txwv li, seb lub cev complement puas puas lossis ua haujlwm ntau dhau) . Qee qhov kev kho mob uas siv ntau suav nrog:
- Tshuaj tua kab mob: Kho cov kab mob bacterial yog tias muaj.
- Kev kho mob chemotherapy: Qhov no siv tau los hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qee yam mob qog noj ntshav lossis cov kab mob autoimmune.
- Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob (immunosuppressive therapy): Kev kho mob no yog muab los tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog tias nws ua haujlwm ntau dhau.
- Kev ntxiv ntshav lossis cov ntshav hauv cov ntshav: Yog tias muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov protein sib xyaw, txoj kev no yog siv los muab rau lawv sab nraud.
- Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob: Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los tiv thaiv cov kab mob xws li kab mob pneumococcal , vim tias cov kab mob no tuaj yeem hnyav dua rau cov neeg uas muaj cov kab mob tsis muaj zog.
Kuv yuav ua li cas kom kuv lub cev noj qab nyob zoo?
Qhov tseeb, peb tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv txoj kev uas lub cev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas tshwm sim ntuj tsim hauv peb lub cev. Tab sis, peb tuaj yeem
pab kom peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tag nrho noj qab nyob zoo. Ces nws yooj yim dua rau lub cev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem ua dab tsi?
- Ceev faj li sai tau txog kev raug mob thiab kev sib tsoo.
- Noj zaub mov kom zoo. Noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab dej huv ntau ntxiv rau hauv koj cov zaub mov noj.
- Kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua. Txawm tias tsuas yog taug kev li 30 feeb hauv ib hnub los kuj zoo.
- Xyaum ua kom huv si, xws li ntxuav koj txhais tes tsis tu ncua thiab nyob kom huv si.
- Pw tsaug zog txaus. Sim pw tsaug zog tsawg kawg yog 7-8 teev hauv ib hnub.
Ib yam li koj tus phooj ywg zoo tshaj plaws pab koj txhua yam, lub cev sib pab txhawb nqa pab peb lub cev cov hlwb tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej ntawm cov yeeb ncuab sab nraud thiab kev phom sij. Yog li, los ntawm kev saib xyuas koj lub cev tag nrho los ntawm kev pw tsaug zog zoo, nyob huv si, noj zaub mov kom sib npaug, thiab saib xyuas koj lub cev zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua kom koj lub cev sib pab txhawb nqa noj qab haus huv.
Tej yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov
Zoo, yog li kuv xav tias koj tam sim no muaj lub tswv yim zoo txog 'Complement System' uas peb tau tham txog hnub no. Hais yooj yim:
- Lub kaw lus sib txuas yog ib feem tseem ceeb heev ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, zoo li cov neeg zov me nyuam hauv peb lub cev.
- Qhov no yog ua los ntawm cov protein tshwj xeeb (cov protein plasma) .
- Nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tiv thaiv peb lub cev ntawm cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob, kev raug mob, thiab pab kho kom zoo los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov hlwb puas tsuaj.
- Qhov tsis muaj lossis ua haujlwm ntau dhau ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob yog tias koj muaj kev kis kab mob ntau zaus, qaug zog heev, lossis mob pob qij txha .
- Kev ua kom peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tag nrho noj qab nyob zoo kuj pab txhawb nqa lub cev.
Tsis txhob txhawj, muaj kev kho mob uas tuaj yeem pab tswj cov mob no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau yog tias koj xav tias muaj teeb meem thiab tau txais cov lus qhia thiab kev kho mob zoo. Koj tus kws kho mob yog tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws los pab koj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus