Koj ob lub qhov muag puas muaj mob ntshav qab zib thiab? Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog qhov mob no hu ua Diabetes-Related Macular Edema?

Yog koj muaj ntshav qab zib, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas koj ob lub qhov muag ntxiv, puas yog? Vim tias, raws li koj paub, ntshav qab zib yog ib yam mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau peb lub qhov muag hauv txoj kev tsis tau xav txog. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog ib yam zoo li no, qhov o uas tshwm sim hauv peb lub qhov muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb qhov muag pom kev, vim ntshav qab zib. Qhov no yog qhov uas cov kws kho mob hu ua '(Diabetes-Related Macular Edema)' lossis 'DME'.

Macular Edema (DME) uas cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, DME yog qhov o uas tshwm sim hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub retina, thaj chaw hauv koj lub qhov muag hu ua macula, uas yog ib feem ntawm lub qhov muag uas peb siv los pom tej yam kom meej. Xav txog nws zoo li koj lub qhov muag zoo li lub koob yees duab, thiab lub retina zoo li daim zaj duab xis hauv lub koob yees duab ntawd. Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas cov hlwb photosensitive nyob. Yog li ntawd, ib feem ntawm lub retina no, hu ua macula, yog qhov pab peb nyeem cov ntawv me me thiab pom tej yam uas nyob deb kom meej.

Koj yuav muaj feem ntau dua rau kev mob DME yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib uas cuam tshuam nrog kev mob ntshav qab zib. Kab mob ntshav qab zib ua rau cov hlab ntsha me me hauv koj lub qhov muag qaug zog. Tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj yeem xau ntshav thiab kua dej. Qee zaum, cov hlab ntsha tshiab, tsis muaj zog heev tuaj yeem tsim uas tsis yog nyob ntawd. Cov no kuj tuaj yeem xau tau yooj yim. Thaum cov kua dej xau no sib sau ua ke hauv macula, nws o.

Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib yuav muaj tus mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv hais tias muaj li ib ntawm kaum plaub tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib yuav muaj tus mob 'DME' no. Vim tias cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv hauv Sri Lanka, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov no.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi? Saib seb koj puas muaj cov no thiab...

Cov tsos mob ntawm DME tej zaum yuav tsis tshwm sim sai sai, thiab qee zaum lawv maj mam tshwm sim. Tab sis yuav tsum paub txog cov no:

• Pom kev tsis meej lossis pom ob sab: Qhov no yog ib qho tsos mob uas tshwm sim ntau. Tej zaum koj yuav pom tias koj qhov kev pom kev tsis meej lossis tsis meej thaum koj nyeem ntawv, saib TV, lossis saib ib yam dab tsi deb.
• Cov khoom ntab: Qhov kev xav ntawm cov pob dub me me lossis cov ntaub kab laug sab txav mus los rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov muag.
• Nyuaj rau kev paub qhov txawv ntawm cov xim: Qee cov xim yuav tsaus dua li niaj zaus lossis nyuaj rau kev paub qhov txawv ntawm ib leeg.
• Scotomas: Tej zaum koj yuav pom ib qho dub nyob hauv nruab nrab lossis sab ntawm yam koj tab tom saib.
• Cov kab ncaj thiab cov tsos nkhaus: Yog tias koj saib ib yam dab tsi zoo li ntug ncaj ntawm lub qhov rooj lossis lub qhov rais thiab nws zoo li nkhaus, ncab, lossis ntsws, qhov ntawd kuj yog ib qho tsos mob.
• Kev rhiab heev rau lub teeb ci ntsa iab: Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau pom hauv lub hnub ci lossis lub teeb ci ntsa iab, thiab lub qhov muag yuav zoo li xiav.
• Qhov koj pom nrog ib lub qhov muag pom txawv nrog lwm lub qhov muag: Txawm hais tias qhov no yog ib qho tsos mob txawv txawv, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau qee tus neeg.

Yog koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag yam tsis muaj kev ncua.

Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Yog vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim?

Zoo li kuv tau hais ua ntej lawm, qhov ua rau qhov no yog vim cov ntshav qab zib ntau dhau tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau ntev. Qhov no ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag puas tsuaj.

Peb hu qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag uas tshwm sim los ntawm ntshav qab zib ua "Diabetes-Related Retinopathy (DRR)" . Muaj ob qho teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no:

1. 'Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Mob Ntshav Tsis Loj Hlob': Hauv qhov no, cov hlab ntsha tsis muaj zog thiab cov pob me me zoo li lub npas (microaneurysms) tsim sab nraum phab ntsa. Cov no tso cai rau cov ntshav thiab cov kua dej ntws mus rau hauv lub macula.

2. 'Proliferative DRR': Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem loj dua me ntsis. Ntawm no, hloov cov hlab ntsha uas puas lawm, cov hlab ntsha tshiab, tsis muaj zog heev pib tsim hauv lub qhov muag uas tsis nyob ntawd. Cov hlab ntsha tshiab no tsis muaj zog heev, yog li lawv yooj yim xau ntshav thiab kua dej, ua rau lub macula o.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias yog tias tus mob 'DME' no tsis raug kho kom zoo thiab raws sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem maj mam ua rau koj qhov muag tsis pom kev kiag li. Yog li qhov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas yuav tsum saib yooj yim.

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas?

Tej zaum koj yuav tsis pom qhov o no los ntawm tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws kho qhov muag tuaj yeem kuaj pom nws thaum lawv kuaj koj lub qhov muag. Yog vim li cas cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lawv lub qhov muag tsis tu ncua. Yog tias nws raug kuaj pom thaum ntxov, nws yooj yim dua rau kev kho.

Ntxiv rau kev kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag, tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav ua cov kev kuaj tshwj xeeb xws li:

• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Qhov no zoo li kev luam theej sab hauv ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Nws tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov tuab ntawm koj lub retina thiab macula. Nws tuaj yeem pom tseeb tias puas muaj qhov o thiab ntau npaum li cas.
• Kev Siv Tshuaj Fluorescein Angiography: Hauv qhov kev kuaj no, ib qho xim tshwj xeeb raug txhaj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab. Tom qab ntawd, lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb yuav thaij duab ntawm cov xim thaum nws mus ncig los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv koj lub qhov muag. Txhua qhov xau hauv cov hlab ntsha yuav pom tseeb hauv cov duab.
• Kev Xeem 'Amsler Grid': Qhov no yog ib qho kev xeem yooj yim heev. Koj raug hais kom saib ib daim grid ntawm cov plaub fab thiab saib seb cov kab puas ncab, khoov, lossis ploj lawm. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub macula, koj yuav pom kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab no.

Yuav kho qhov no li cas? Puas kho tau?

Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias tam sim no muaj cov kev kho mob zoo heev rau DME. Nrog qee cov tshuaj tshiab, yog tias tus kab mob raug kuaj pom thaum ntxov, nws muaj peev xwm kho tau qee qhov kev puas tsuaj uas tau ua tiav.

Muaj ntau txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb:

1. Kev kho mob tiv thaiv VEGF:Muaj ib hom protein hu ua Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) uas pab cov hlab ntsha tshiab loj hlob hauv peb lub qhov muag. Kev kho mob no suav nrog kev muab tshuaj uas thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm VEGF protein ua ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv lub qhov muag. Kev txhaj tshuaj no yog muab ib hlis ib zaug, lossis ntau zaus raws li qhov xav tau. Cov tshuaj hauv qab no feem ntau siv:

• Aflibercept (Eylea®)
• Bevacizumab (Avastin®)
• `Faricimab-svoa (VABYSMO®)`
• Ranibizumab (Lucentis®)

2. Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj steroid: Cov tshuaj steroid kuj siv los txo qhov o. Cov no tuaj yeem muab ua cov tshuaj txhaj rau hauv lub qhov muag lossis ua cov khoom me me (ib daim tshuaj uas kav ntev) uas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv lub qhov muag. Piv txwv li:

• `Dexamethasone (Ozurdex®)` (qhov no yog ib qho `implant`)
• `Fluocinolone acetonide (Iluvien®)` (qhov no kuj yog ib qho `implant`)

3. Kev kho mob siv laser (Laser Photocoagulation): Qee zaum, lub teeb laser siv tau los "kaw" cov hlab ntsha uas xau thiab tiv thaiv qhov xau.

4. Kev phais qhov muag (Vitrectomy): Qhov no yog kev phais. Kev phais no yog ua los tshem cov ntshav, kua dej, lossis cov nqaij caws pliav hauv lub qhov muag uas rub rau ntawm macula. Tsis yog txhua tus neeg xav tau qhov no.

Nrog rau ib qho ntawm cov kev kho mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj tau koj cov ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab kom zoo, yog tsis ua li ntawd cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob yuav raug txo qis.

Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim los yog teeb meem ntawm kev kho mob?

Ib yam li lwm yam kev kho mob, muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo me me, tab sis feem ntau qhov yuav muaj teeb meem tsawg.

• Vim yog qhov 'txhaj tshuaj', muaj ib qho me me uas cov kab mob yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov muag. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, lub qhov muag yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si ua ntej 'txhaj tshuaj'.
• Tom qab txhaj tshuaj tas, tej zaum yuav muaj cov npuas me me hauv lub qhov muag. Cov no yuav ploj mus rau lawv tus kheej hauv ob peb hnub.
• Tej zaum yuav muaj qhov liab thiab khaus me ntsis. Qhov no kuj tseem yuav yog vim cov tshuaj siv los ntxuav lub qhov muag ua ntej txhaj tshuaj. Kev siv cov kua muag cuav tuaj yeem pab txo cov kev tsis xis nyob no.
• Kev kho mob steroid qee zaum tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cataracts lossis nce siab hauv qhov muag. Yog li ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav ib txwm kuaj xyuas qhov no.

Kuv yuav zoo dua sai npaum li cas tom qab kho tas?

Feem ntau DME tsis ua rau mob qhov muag. Yog li ntawd, es tsis txhob xav tias "zoo dua" tom qab txhaj tshuaj, qhov kev puas tsuaj rau macula thiab retina raug nres lossis rov qab ib nrab. Koj qhov kev pom kev yuav maj mam pib pom tseeb.

Tom qab kev kho mob 'Txhaj Tshuaj', koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem mus ua haujlwm lossis kawm ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj kev phais 'Vitrectomy', nws yuav siv sijhawm li ob mus rau plaub lub lis piam kom rov zoo.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj li txo tau lossis tiv thaiv qhov no kom tsis txhob tshwm sim?

Yog koj muaj ntshav qab zib, tej zaum koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tawm tag nrho koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob DME. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam koj tuaj yeem ua tau los txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo:

• Tswj koj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib kom zoo: Khaws koj cov ntshav qab zib kom zoo raws li koj tus kws kho mob pom zoo. Noj koj cov tshuaj kom zoo thiab tswj koj cov zaub mov kom zoo.
• Yog koj muaj lwm yam kab mob ntev xws li ntshav siab, tswj lawv kom zoo.
• Nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag tsis tu ncua. Cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib raug pom zoo kom mus kuaj lawv ob lub qhov muag tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug.
• Yog koj haus luam yeeb, tsum hnub no. Kev haus luam yeeb kuj ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv qhov muag puas tsuaj heev.
• Noj zaub mov kom zoo. Noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ntau ntxiv.
• Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua.

Yog tias kuv muaj tus mob no, yav tom ntej yuav zoo li cas?

Yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj DME thiab kho kom zoo, feem ntau qhov kev cia siab yuav zoo. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias kuaj pom thiab kho thaum ntxov, qee cov tshuaj tshiab tuaj yeem kho tau qee qhov kev pom kev uas tau ploj mus.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis kho, qhov muag yuav pom kev tsis zoo, ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua haujlwm hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Yog vim li cas thiaj li nrhiav tau thiab kho thaum ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Kuv yuav tsum saib xyuas kuv tus kheej li cas?

Txawm hais tias DME yog ib yam mob uas cuam tshuam rau lub qhov muag, kev saib xyuas koj lub cev tag nrho kom zoo tuaj yeem pab tswj tau qhov mob.

• Yog koj muaj cov kab mob ntev xws li ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, roj cholesterol ntau, lossis rog dhau, sim ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tswj lawv kom zoo.
• Noj zaub mov zoo thiab tawm dag zog kom txaus.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.
• Coj koj ob lub qhov muag mus kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua, raws li koj tus kws kho qhov muag tau hais.
• Yog tias koj cia li tsis pom kev, mob qhov muag heev, lossis pom ib lub vijtsam dub nyob rau ntawm koj ob lub qhov muag, mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Koj yuav tsum nug tus kws kho mob li cas?

Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, tsis txhob hnov ​​qab nug cov lus nug no:

• Kuv yuav tsum paub dab tsi ntxiv txog tus mob no `(Mcular Edema cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib)`?
• Koj pom zoo kom siv txoj kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau kuv?
• Cov kev mob tshwm sim lossis teeb meem ntawm kev kho mob no yog dab tsi?
• Kuv yuav tsum tau mus kuaj kuv ob lub qhov muag ntau npaum li cas?
• Cov tsos mob twg thiaj suav tias yog xwm txheej ceev hauv qhov xwm txheej 'DME' no?

Qhov kawg uas kuv yuav tsum hais yog qhov no ...

Kab mob ntshav qab zib yog ib yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau ntau qhov ntawm peb lub cev. Ntawm lawv, qhov muag ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog tias koj muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj kuj muaj tus mob hu ua 'mob ntshav qab zib cuam tshuam nrog retinopathy', koj muaj feem yuav mob 'DME' ntau dua. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no nce ntxiv thaum koj muaj kab mob ntshav qab zib ntev dua.

Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov muag tsis tu ncua thiab kuaj pom qhov o lossis cov hlab ntsha tshiab hauv lub qhov muag thaum ntxov. Vim tias yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob thaum ntxov thiab pib kho mob, muaj lub sijhawm zoo los cawm koj lub zeem muag zoo nkauj. Qee zaum, yog tias pib kho mob thaum ntxov, qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm 'DME' tuaj yeem thim rov qab.

Yog li ntawd, saib xyuas koj ob lub qhov muag. Thaum koj muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib, ua kom kev saib xyuas qhov muag yog ib qho ntawm koj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.

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