When you're approaching childbirth or preparing for a major surgery, hearing your doctor mention an "epidural" can naturally trigger some anxiety. The idea of an injection near your spine makes many people nervous. But what exactly is an epidural? How does it work, and is it something you should really be afraid of? Let’s break it down simply and clearly with Nirogi Lanka.
What is an epidural, simply put?
An epidural involves delivering medication into a specific space (the epidural space) that surrounds the nerves in your spine. It is not injected directly into your spinal cord itself—only into the surrounding area. It is primarily used for pain management.
It is commonly used for:
- Labor and delivery to manage intense pain.
- Numbing (anesthesia)rau cov txheej txheem phais.
- Kev tswj qhov mob tom qab phais.
- Kev kho mob rau mob nraub qaum ntev , xws li mob los ntawm lub disc herniated.
Cov tshuaj epidural sib txawv yog dab tsi?
Nyob ntawm seb koj xav tau kev kho mob li cas, cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv ob hom epidurals tseem ceeb.
| Hom Epidural | Kev Piav Qhia thiab Kev Siv |
|---|---|
| Kev Siv Tshuaj loog Epidural | Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj loog kom thaiv qhov mob thiab kev xav. Nws feem ntau siv los tswj qhov mob thaum yug menyuam thiab cov txheej txheem phais. |
| Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Steroid Epidural (ESI) | Qhov no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj corticosteroid kom txo qhov o thiab khaus ib ncig ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Feem ntau lawv sau tshuaj rau qhov mob ntev. Qhov kev pab yuav kav ntev li ob peb lub lis piam lossis txawm tias ntau lub hlis. |
Nws ua haujlwm li cas?
Txoj kev uas ib qho epidural ua haujlwm nyob ntawm hom tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas koj tau txais.
Tshuaj loog Epidural ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv ib ntus cov teeb liab mob ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha hauv qab mus rau koj lub hlwb. Koj tuaj yeem xav txog nws zoo li "kaw" cov hlab ntsha no rau ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Lub sijhawm ntawm cov txiaj ntsig yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau muab.
Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Steroid Epidural (ESI) ua haujlwm los ntawm kev xa tshuaj ncaj qha mus rau cov hlab ntsha o, uas pab txo qhov o thiab siab ntawm qhov chaw mob.
Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Tswj Xyuas
Koj pab neeg kho mob yuav siv ntau txoj kev los xa cov tshuaj:
- Txhaj tshuaj ib zaug xwb: Ib koob tshuaj ib zaug xwb, feem ntau siv rau Epidural Steroid Injections (ESI).
- Tshuaj Epidural nrog lub catheter: Lub catheter yog ib lub raj nyias nyias thiab yoog tau. Lub raj no muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw epidural, cia koj tus kws kho mob muab tshuaj raws li qhov xav tau. Txoj kev no feem ntau siv thaum yug menyuam thiab thaum lub sijhawm phais mob ntev.
- Kev Siv Tshuaj Tua Kab Mob Uas Tus Neeg Mob Tswj (PCA): Qhov no kuj siv lub catheter, tab sis koj tau txais ib lub cuab yeej tuav tes. Koj tuaj yeem nias lub pob kom muab tshuaj tua kab mob rau koj tus kheej thaum xav tau. Qhov no tau teeb tsa ua ntej kom xa cov tshuaj uas muaj kev nyab xeeb, uas tus kws kho mob pom zoo , yog li koj tuaj yeem xav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb.
- Tshuaj Txhaws Qog Sib Xyaws (CSE): Feem ntau siv thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam, qhov no qee zaum hu ua "kev taug kev epidural." Txawm hais tias koj yuav tsis taug kev tau yooj yim kiag li, koj yuav tseem muaj kev xav txaus hauv koj ob txhais ceg kom hloov chaw lossis txav mus los hauv txaj tau yooj yim.
Koj puas yuav tsum npaj rau epidural?
Yog. Kev npaj nyob ntawm hom tshuaj epidural thiab koj cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab cov lus qhia meej, tab sis koj yuav raug hais kom ua:
- Ua ntej ua qhov txheej txheem, yoo mov (tsis txhob noj mov thiab haus dej) ob peb teev.
- Tsum noj qee yam tshuaj ib ntus, tshwj xeeb yog cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias .
- Npaj kom muaj ib tug neeg tsav koj mus tsev tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem.
Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua cov txheej txheem?
Qhov kev paub sib txawv raws li hom epidural.
Rau ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj:
Koj yuav pw rau ntawm koj lub plab. Tom qab ntawd, koj tus kws kho mob yuav:
1. Muab tshuaj loog rau thaj chaw ntawd kom loog.
2. Siv fluoroscopy —ib txoj kev siv duab X-ray nyob — kom ntseeg tau tias rab koob tau muab tso rau qhov tseeb.
3. Muab rab koob ntxig rau hauv qhov chaw epidural thiab txhaj tshuaj.
4. Tshem lub koob thiab npog qhov chaw ntawd nrog ib daim ntaub qhwv me me lossis daim nplaum.
Rau ib qho epidural nrog catheter:
1. Yuav muab ib txoj kab IV tso rau hauv kom muab cov kua dej rau.
2. Lawv yuav hais kom koj pw rau ntawm koj ib sab nrog koj lub hauv caug rub mus rau koj lub hauv siab, lossis zaum thiab nyo hau rau pem hauv ntej. Qhov no pab qhib qhov chaw ntawm koj cov pob txha caj qaum.
3. Yuav muab tshuaj loog rau qhov chaw uas muab ntxig rau hauv.
4. Yuav muab koob txhaj tshuaj epidural tso rau hauv, thiab lub raj catheter (lub raj nyias nyias) yuav raug muab xov rau hauv qhov chaw epidural.
5. Tom qab ntawd, cov koob txhaj tshuaj raug rho tawm kom zoo, tsuas yog tso lub catheter rau hauv qhov chaw xwb.
6. Cov tshuaj raug muab los ntawm lub catheter raws li qhov xav tau.
7. Yuav muab lub catheter tshem tawm thaum koj txoj kev kho mob tiav lawm (qhov no yuav siv sijhawm ob peb teev lossis ob peb hnub tom qab).
Koj yuav xav li cas?
Thaum koj txhaj tshuaj loog rau hauv koj lub plab, tej zaum koj yuav hnov mob me ntsis. Thaum koj muab koob tshuaj epidural ntxig rau hauv koj lub plab, tej zaum koj yuav hnov mob nias, tingling, kub hnyiab, lossis hnov hluav taws xob me ntsis. Ib txhia neeg tsis hnov mob li. Qhov kev tsis xis nyob no feem ntau yuav ploj mus thaum ua tiav qhov kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj mob hnyav lossis mob hnyav, thov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm epidural yog dab tsi?
Ntawm Nirogi Lanka, peb lees paub tias epidural yog ib txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo rau kev tswj qhov mob. Thaum yug menyuam, nws muaj kev ywj pheej ntau dua li lwm txoj kev siv tshuaj loog. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj. Rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob ntev, kev ua tiav kev tswj qhov mob zoo los ntawm txoj kev no qee zaum tuaj yeem pab koj zam kev phais.
Ib yam li lwm yam kev kho mob, muaj tej yam txaus ntshai me me xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, thov nco ntsoov tias tej yam teeb meem loj heev tsis tshua muaj .
Tej yam txaus ntshai muaj xws li:
- Los ntshav ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj.
- Kev kis kab mob ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj.
- Kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha (tsis tshua muaj).
- Kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj.
- Kev xau ntawm cov kua dej cerebrospinal (CSF xau), uas yuav ua rau mob taub hau tom qab.
Puas yog epidural ua rau mob nraub qaum mus ntev?
Qhov no yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb rau ntau tus neeg, tab sis thov nco ntsoov tias nws tsis tshua muaj neeg siv epidural ua rau mob nraub qaum mus ntev lossis mob ntev .
Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas yuav mob ib ntus lossis mob nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj rau ob peb hnub, uas feem ntau yuav ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej. Muaj ntau tus niam uas muaj mob nraub qaum tom qab yug menyuam —txawm tias lawv tau siv tshuaj epidural los tsis tau . Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev hauv koj cov pob txha thiab cov leeg thaum cev xeeb tub rov qab mus rau lawv lub xeev ua ntej cev xeeb tub.
Thaum twg yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob
Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no tom qab siv epidural, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd lossis mus rau chav kho mob ceev hauv tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws .
| Cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas |
|---|
| • Ua npaws. |
| • Tsis tswj tau lub zais zis lossis txoj hnyuv (tso zis lossis quav tsis tau). |
| • Koj ob txhais ceg tsis muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog uas kav ntev dua li koj tus kws kho mob tau hais. |
| • Mob taub hau hnyav uas tshwm sim thaum sawv lossis zaum thiab zoo dua thaum pw. |
Nws yog ib qho ntuj tsim uas yuav ntshai txog kev kho mob uas cuam tshuam rau koj nraub qaum. Txawm li cas los xij, epidural yog ib txoj kev siv dav dav, muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab zoo rau kev tswj qhov mob thoob ntiaj teb. Thov tsis txhob yig los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua lo lus nug lossis kev ntshai uas koj muaj. Nirogi Lanka cog lus rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb
- Ib qho epidural yog ib qho kev kho mob uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv ntau rau kev txo qhov mob.
- Nws muab rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb (epidural space), tsis yog rau hauv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb nws tus kheej.
- Nws yog siv rau kev tswj qhov mob thaum yug menyuam, cov txheej txheem phais, thiab cov mob ntev.
- Cov teeb meem loj tsis tshua muaj; qhov mob me me ntawm qhov chaw rau ob peb hnub yog qhov ib txwm muaj.
- Lub tswv yim hais tias epidurals ua rau mob nraub qaum mus sij hawm ntev feem ntau yog kev nkag siab yuam kev.
- Txhua zaus koj tham txog tej yam tsis ntseeg lossis kev ntshai nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Epidural, txo qhov mob, mob yug menyuam, tshuaj loog, thaiv tus txha nqaj qaum, tswj qhov mob, mob nraub qaum
