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Cia peb kawm txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin - HBIG)

Cia peb kawm txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin - HBIG)

Koj puas tau muaj kev sib cuag ze nrog ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob siab B? Los yog koj puas tau hnov ​​txog ib tug menyuam yug los ntawm ib leej niam uas muaj tus kab mob siab B? Tej zaum ua ib tug kws kho mob, koj muaj feem yuav raug tus neeg mob lub koob txhaj tshuaj. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, peb tab tom tham txog tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv tus kab mob siab B kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev thiab ua rau muaj mob.

Tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no hu ua Hepatitis B Immune Globulin , los yog HBIG luv luv. Qhov no yog ib qho tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tau npaj ua ntej lawm uas tuaj yeem tawm tsam tus kab mob siab B. Xav txog, yog tias tus yeeb ncuab tam sim ntawd tawm tsam peb lub tebchaws, qhov no yuav zoo li coj ib pawg tub rog uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb los ntawm lub tebchaws phooj ywg, yam tsis tau tos peb cov tub rog npaj txhij. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau muab rau lub cev, cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv nws mus thiab ua kom tus kab mob siab B tsis ua haujlwm, tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob ua rau lub siab puas.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, qhov no tsis yog kev kho mob rau tus kab mob siab B uas twb tau tsim lawm. Nws kuj tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau lwm yam kab mob viral, xws li mob khaub thuas lossis mob ntsws. Nws lub hom phiaj tsuas yog los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tom qab tus kab mob siab B tau kis mus.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog ua los ntawm cov ntshav plasma uas tau los ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv uas tiv thaiv kab mob siab B. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj kev nyab xeeb heev thiab yog tsim tom qab kuaj.

Tej yam koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej koj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no

Ua ntej koj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG, koj tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj ob peb lo lus nug. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj txoj kev nyab xeeb kom teb cov lus nug kom raug.

Qhov xwm txheej koj yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm Hais yooj yim xwb...
Kev mob ntshav Yog koj muaj ib yam kab mob (xws li hemophilia) uas ua rau koj los ntshav txawm tias yog raug mob me me los xij.
Txo cov theem immunoglobulin A Yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua Immunoglobulin A qis dua, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Cov ntshav platelets qis Yog tias cov ntshav platelets, uas pab cov ntshav txhaws, tsawg (zoo li tshwm sim nrog dengue).
Ntau yam kev ua xua Yog tias koj tau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj rau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob immune globulin no, lwm yam tshuaj, khoom noj, lossis cov tshuaj preservative ua ntej.
Cev xeeb tub los yog pub niam mis Yog tias koj cev xeeb tub, tab tom sim cev xeeb tub, lossis pub niam mis, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.

Koj yuav tau cov tshuaj no li cas?

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis yog ib yam tshuaj uas koj tuaj yeem yuav tau ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj thiab coj mus tsev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG no yog muab los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob lossis kws tu mob uas tau kawm tiav hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob.

Qhov no feem ntau yog muab ua kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg , tab sis qee zaum tshwj xeeb (xws li HepaGam B) nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab ua kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav .

Koj puas muab qhov no rau cov menyuam yaus me?

Yog. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos uas yug los ntawm cov niam uas muaj tus kab mob siab B, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HBIG no yuav tsum tau txhaj tam sim ntawd tom qab yug los. Qhov no yog los tiv thaiv kom tus kab mob tsis txhob kis tau ntawm niam mus rau tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsum tau txhaj rau cov menyuam yaus raws li cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus, nrog kev ceev faj heev.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj nce ntxiv?

Vim tias qhov no yog muab rau hauv tsev kho mob, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj txog kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav tias koj tau noj tshuaj ntau dhau, hu rau Lub Chaw Qhia Txog Tshuaj Lom Hauv Tebchaws ntawm Tsev Kho Mob Hauv Tebchaws Colombo tam sim ntawd. Lossis mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws.

Cov tshuaj twg lwm yam uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog koob tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG?

Muaj ib yam uas peb yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov no: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia .

Muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG no thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia xws li mob qhua pias, mob qog, mob rubella (MMR), thiab mob qaib ntxhw (Varicella/Chickenpox).

Xav txog HBIG ua ib pawg tub rog uas tau kawm tiav lawm. Ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob yog ib tug yeeb ncuab uas tsis muaj zog uas raug xa mus cob qhia peb lub cev cov tub rog. Tam sim no koj muaj cov tub rog txawj ntse (HBIG antibodies) los ntawm sab nraud koj lub cev, lawv yuav yooj yim rhuav tshem tus yeeb ncuab uas tsis muaj zog (tus kab mob hauv koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob) uas tuaj cob qhia. Ces peb cov tub rog yuav tsis muaj sijhawm cob qhia. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob yuav ploj mus.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tau txhaj tshuaj HBIG lawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia li ntawm 3 lub hlis . Yog tias koj teem sijhawm yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntxiv, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tias koj tau txhaj tshuaj HBIG lawm.

Tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo

Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj, koob tshuaj HBIG muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj tej yam tsis zoo me me rau qee tus neeg. Tiam sis feem ntau cov neeg tsis muaj. Cia peb saib seb tej yam tsis zoo no yog dab tsi.

Cov teebmeem sab nraud Yuav ua li cas
Tej yam yuav tsum tau qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd
Kev ua xua
- Kev khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, khaus, thiab ua pob liab
- O ntawm lub ntsej muag, daim di ncauj, thiab tus nplaig
Tej zaum cov no yog cov cim qhia tias muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj loj heev. Nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Ua pa nyuaj Mus rau ETU ntawm lub tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd.
Mob hauv siab los yog nruj Nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Tej yam uas feem ntau tsis loj heev, tab sis yuav tsum tau qhia rau kws kho mob yog tias lawv tseem muaj
Mob taub hau Yog tias nws tsis ploj mus li ib lossis ob hnub, qhia rau kws kho mob.
Xeev siab (mob) Qhov mob no yuav ploj mus tom qab ib pliag. Yog tias nws tseem muaj, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob.
Mob thiab mob nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj Qhov no yog ib txwm muaj thiab yuav zoo dua li ob peb hnub.

Daim ntawv teev npe no tsis suav nrog txhua yam kev mob tshwm sim uas yuav tshwm sim. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog lawv.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

  • HBIG (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin) yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muab rau kom tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tom qab raug tus kab mob siab B, tab sis nws tsis yog tshuaj kho tus kab mob.
  • Qhov no yog muab los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob. Nws tsis yog ib yam tshuaj uas koj tuaj yeem nqa mus tsev.
  • Nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog lwm yam kab mob uas koj muaj, kev ua xua, thiab txhua yam tshuaj uas koj noj.
  • Yog koj tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HBIG, tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob xws li MMR rau 3 lub hlis. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog koj daim ntawv teem sijhawm txhaj tshuaj thiab hloov pauv tej yam uas koj xav tau.
  • Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob hnyav xws li ua pa nyuaj lossis o ntsej muag tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Kab mob siab B, HBIG, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B Immune Globulin, kev nyab xeeb, kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kev mob tshwm sim, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Koj puas muab qhov no rau cov menyuam yaus me?

Yog. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos uas yug los ntawm cov niam uas muaj tus kab mob siab B, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HBIG no yuav tsum tau txhaj tam sim ntawd tom qab yug los. Qhov no yog los tiv thaiv kom tus kab mob tsis txhob kis tau ntawm niam mus rau tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsum tau txhaj rau cov menyuam yaus raws li cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus, nrog kev ceev faj heev.

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.

Ntxiv koj cov lus

Thov xam: 3 + 8 =
Cia peb kawm txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin - HBIG)

Cia peb kawm txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin - HBIG)

Koj puas tau muaj kev sib cuag ze nrog ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob siab B? Los yog koj puas tau hnov ​​txog ib tug menyuam yug los ntawm ib leej niam uas muaj tus kab mob siab B? Tej zaum ua ib tug kws kho mob, koj muaj feem yuav raug tus neeg mob lub koob txhaj tshuaj. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, peb tab tom tham txog tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv tus kab mob siab B kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev thiab ua rau muaj mob.

Tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no hu ua Hepatitis B Immune Globulin , los yog HBIG luv luv. Qhov no yog ib qho tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tau npaj ua ntej lawm uas tuaj yeem tawm tsam tus kab mob siab B. Xav txog, yog tias tus yeeb ncuab tam sim ntawd tawm tsam peb lub tebchaws, qhov no yuav zoo li coj ib pawg tub rog uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb los ntawm lub tebchaws phooj ywg, yam tsis tau tos peb cov tub rog npaj txhij. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau muab rau lub cev, cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv nws mus thiab ua kom tus kab mob siab B tsis ua haujlwm, tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob ua rau lub siab puas.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, qhov no tsis yog kev kho mob rau tus kab mob siab B uas twb tau tsim lawm. Nws kuj tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau lwm yam kab mob viral, xws li mob khaub thuas lossis mob ntsws. Nws lub hom phiaj tsuas yog los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tom qab tus kab mob siab B tau kis mus.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog ua los ntawm cov ntshav plasma uas tau los ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv uas tiv thaiv kab mob siab B. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj kev nyab xeeb heev thiab yog tsim tom qab kuaj.

Tej yam koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej koj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no

Ua ntej koj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG, koj tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj ob peb lo lus nug. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj txoj kev nyab xeeb kom teb cov lus nug kom raug.

Qhov xwm txheej koj yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm Hais yooj yim xwb...
Kev mob ntshav Yog koj muaj ib yam kab mob (xws li hemophilia) uas ua rau koj los ntshav txawm tias yog raug mob me me los xij.
Txo cov theem immunoglobulin A Yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua Immunoglobulin A qis dua, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Cov ntshav platelets qis Yog tias cov ntshav platelets, uas pab cov ntshav txhaws, tsawg (zoo li tshwm sim nrog dengue).
Ntau yam kev ua xua Yog tias koj tau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj rau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob immune globulin no, lwm yam tshuaj, khoom noj, lossis cov tshuaj preservative ua ntej.
Cev xeeb tub los yog pub niam mis Yog tias koj cev xeeb tub, tab tom sim cev xeeb tub, lossis pub niam mis, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.

Koj yuav tau cov tshuaj no li cas?

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis yog ib yam tshuaj uas koj tuaj yeem yuav tau ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj thiab coj mus tsev. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG no yog muab los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob lossis kws tu mob uas tau kawm tiav hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob.

Qhov no feem ntau yog muab ua kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg , tab sis qee zaum tshwj xeeb (xws li HepaGam B) nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab ua kev txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav .

Koj puas muab qhov no rau cov menyuam yaus me?

Yog. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos uas yug los ntawm cov niam uas muaj tus kab mob siab B, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HBIG no yuav tsum tau txhaj tam sim ntawd tom qab yug los. Qhov no yog los tiv thaiv kom tus kab mob tsis txhob kis tau ntawm niam mus rau tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsum tau txhaj rau cov menyuam yaus raws li cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus, nrog kev ceev faj heev.

Yuav ua li cas yog tias qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj nce ntxiv?

Vim tias qhov no yog muab rau hauv tsev kho mob, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj txog kev siv tshuaj ntau dhau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav tias koj tau noj tshuaj ntau dhau, hu rau Lub Chaw Qhia Txog Tshuaj Lom Hauv Tebchaws ntawm Tsev Kho Mob Hauv Tebchaws Colombo tam sim ntawd. Lossis mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws.

Cov tshuaj twg lwm yam uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog koob tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG?

Muaj ib yam uas peb yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov no: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia .

Muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HBIG no thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia xws li mob qhua pias, mob qog, mob rubella (MMR), thiab mob qaib ntxhw (Varicella/Chickenpox).

Xav txog HBIG ua ib pawg tub rog uas tau kawm tiav lawm. Ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob yog ib tug yeeb ncuab uas tsis muaj zog uas raug xa mus cob qhia peb lub cev cov tub rog. Tam sim no koj muaj cov tub rog txawj ntse (HBIG antibodies) los ntawm sab nraud koj lub cev, lawv yuav yooj yim rhuav tshem tus yeeb ncuab uas tsis muaj zog (tus kab mob hauv koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob) uas tuaj cob qhia. Ces peb cov tub rog yuav tsis muaj sijhawm cob qhia. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob yuav ploj mus.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tau txhaj tshuaj HBIG lawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia li ntawm 3 lub hlis . Yog tias koj teem sijhawm yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntxiv, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tias koj tau txhaj tshuaj HBIG lawm.

Tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo

Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj, koob tshuaj HBIG muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj tej yam tsis zoo me me rau qee tus neeg. Tiam sis feem ntau cov neeg tsis muaj. Cia peb saib seb tej yam tsis zoo no yog dab tsi.

Cov teebmeem sab nraud Yuav ua li cas
Tej yam yuav tsum tau qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd
Kev ua xua
- Kev khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, khaus, thiab ua pob liab
- O ntawm lub ntsej muag, daim di ncauj, thiab tus nplaig
Tej zaum cov no yog cov cim qhia tias muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj loj heev. Nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Ua pa nyuaj Mus rau ETU ntawm lub tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd.
Mob hauv siab los yog nruj Nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Tej yam uas feem ntau tsis loj heev, tab sis yuav tsum tau qhia rau kws kho mob yog tias lawv tseem muaj
Mob taub hau Yog tias nws tsis ploj mus li ib lossis ob hnub, qhia rau kws kho mob.
Xeev siab (mob) Qhov mob no yuav ploj mus tom qab ib pliag. Yog tias nws tseem muaj, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob.
Mob thiab mob nqaij ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj Qhov no yog ib txwm muaj thiab yuav zoo dua li ob peb hnub.

Daim ntawv teev npe no tsis suav nrog txhua yam kev mob tshwm sim uas yuav tshwm sim. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog lawv.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

  • HBIG (Hepatitis B Immune Globulin) yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muab rau kom tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob tom qab raug tus kab mob siab B, tab sis nws tsis yog tshuaj kho tus kab mob.
  • Qhov no yog muab los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob. Nws tsis yog ib yam tshuaj uas koj tuaj yeem nqa mus tsev.
  • Nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog lwm yam kab mob uas koj muaj, kev ua xua, thiab txhua yam tshuaj uas koj noj.
  • Yog koj tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HBIG, tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia nyob xws li MMR rau 3 lub hlis. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog koj daim ntawv teem sijhawm txhaj tshuaj thiab hloov pauv tej yam uas koj xav tau.
  • Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob hnyav xws li ua pa nyuaj lossis o ntsej muag tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Kab mob siab B, HBIG, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B Immune Globulin, kev nyab xeeb, kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov kev mob tshwm sim, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj sia

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Koj puas muab qhov no rau cov menyuam yaus me?

Yog. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos uas yug los ntawm cov niam uas muaj tus kab mob siab B, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob HBIG no yuav tsum tau txhaj tam sim ntawd tom qab yug los. Qhov no yog los tiv thaiv kom tus kab mob tsis txhob kis tau ntawm niam mus rau tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsum tau txhaj rau cov menyuam yaus raws li cov lus qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus, nrog kev ceev faj heev.

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.

Ntxiv koj cov lus

Thov xam: 3 + 8 =