Yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib (Diabetes Mellitus), tej zaum koj yuav xav txog kev tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib txhua lub sijhawm. Tab sis koj puas xav txog qhov kev puas tsuaj uas tus kab mob ntshav qab zib ua rau koj lub qhov muag? Muaj ntau tus neeg tsis paub txog qhov no kom txog thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Yog vim li ntawd, hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam rau lub qhov muag vim yog tus kab mob ntshav qab zib, uas yog 'Diabetic Retinopathy'.
Vim li cas ntshav qab zib thiaj cuam tshuam rau lub qhov muag heev?
Hais yooj yim xwb, peb lub qhov muag puv nkaus cov hlab ntsha me me uas zoo nkauj heev. Cov no yog cov uas coj cov as-ham thiab oxygen rau lub qhov muag uas lawv xav tau. Thaum ib tug neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav siab ntev ntev, cov piam thaj no zoo li tshuaj lom thiab pib ua rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me ntawd puas tsuaj.
Xav txog nws zoo li xeb uas tsim nyob rau hauv cov kav dej. Tib yam no tshwm sim rau cov hlab ntsha no.
- Lawv tuaj yeem tuab.
- Lawv yuav xau cov ntshav los yog cov kua dej.
- Tej zaum yuav muaj cov ntshav txhaws.
- Tej cov hlab ntsha yuav raug thaiv tag.
Qee zaum, cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha no qaug zog thiab cov pob me me zoo li lub npas (microaneurysms) tsim. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj yog thaum cov kua dej sib sau ua ke hauv macula, qhov ntawm retina uas tseem ceeb rau peb qhov pom kev, pab peb nyeem thiab pom meej. Qhov no hu ua macular edema . Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis meej.
Thaum qhov mob hnyav zuj zus, lub qhov muag sim tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab vim tias cov ntshav mus rau lub qhov muag raug cuam tshuam. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua neovascularization . Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlab ntsha tshiab no tsis muaj zog thiab tsis khov. Lawv tuaj yeem tawg yooj yim thiab ua rau los ntshav hauv lub qhov muag (hemorrhages). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij caws pliav thiab retinal detachment. Qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej ceev uas tuaj yeem ua rau pom tsis meej. Cov hlab ntsha tshiab no kuj tseem tuaj yeem thaiv cov kua dej ntws hauv lub qhov muag, ua rau lub qhov muag siab dua thiab ua rau mob glaucoma .
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub qhov mob no thaum ntxov?
Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov neeg uas muaj mob ntshav qab zib, txawm tias lawv tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi los xij, yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag ib xyoos ib zaug kom kuaj lawv lub qhov muag. Tsis txhob hnov qab qhov no.
Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, cov no yog cov yam uas yuav tshwm sim:
1. Nug kom paub meej ntxiv: Ua ntej, lawv yuav tham txog koj keeb kwm kev kho mob, koj tswj koj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib li cas, thiab seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov muag.
2. Kev kuaj qhov muag: Koj qib kev pom kev yuav raug kuaj xyuas los ntawm kev nyeem daim ntawv qhia qhov muag.
3. Saib sab hauv lub qhov muag: Tom ntej no,Lub retina sab hauv lub qhov muag raug kuaj xyuas nrog ib lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb hu ua ophthalmoscope.
4. Kev kuaj tshwj xeeb: Qee zaum, yuav tsum muaj kev kuaj tshwj xeeb los nrhiav kev hloov pauv uas tsis pom tau nrog kev kuaj ib txwm. Koj lub qhov muag yuav raug nthuav dav nrog cov tee dej, thiab sab hauv ntawm koj lub qhov muag yuav raug kuaj nrog lub cuab yeej hu ua lub teeb ci .
Lwm qhov kev kuaj tshwj xeeb hu ua fluorescein angiography . Qhov no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj xim daj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav hauv koj txhais caj npab, thiab lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb thaij ib co duab thaum nws mus ncig los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv koj lub qhov muag. Qhov no tuaj yeem qhia meej meej txog kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha, xws li thaj chaw uas cov ntshav xau.
Nrog rau cov kev kuaj no, tus kws kho mob kuj tseem kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj mob cataracts thiab glaucoma, uas feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib.
Cov kev kho mob rau qhov no yog dab tsi?
Thaum kho tus kab mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy, koj tus kws kho mob thiab kws kho qhov muag yuav tsum ua haujlwm ua ke. Ib sab tes, koj yuav tsum tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, thiab cov roj cholesterol. Ib sab tes, tus kws kho qhov muag kho qhov muag ncaj qha.
Kev kho mob siv laser (Laser Photocoagulation)
Qhov no yog kev kho mob uas siv ntau tshaj plaws. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom siv qhov kev kho mob no txawm tias ua ntej koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub zeem muag. Qhov no yog vim tias kev kho mob thaum ntxov ntawm kev puas tsuaj ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.
Qhov no suav nrog kev siv lub teeb laser me me heev los "kaw" cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag uas cov ntshav ntws tawm. Qhov no kuj pab txo qhov o. Nyob ntawm seb koj tus mob hnyav npaum li cas, koj yuav tsum tau kho ntau zaus. Nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau lub hlis kom pom cov txiaj ntsig tom qab kho.
Kev phais mob Vitrectomy
Yog tias muaj ntshav ntau heev hauv lub qhov muag uas tsis ploj mus li, yog tias lub retina tau tawg lawm, lossis yog tias kev kho mob laser tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim cov hlab ntsha tshiab, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom phais qhov no.
Hauv kev phais no, cov tshuaj zoo li jelly hauv lub qhov muag (vitreous) raug tshem tawm, cov ntshav raug ntxuav tawm, thiab cov nqaij caws pliav raug tshem tawm. Tom qab ntawd, cov kua dej hloov pauv raug muab tso rau hauv lub qhov muag.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov kev kho mob no feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem kho tau qhov muag pom kev uas ploj lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov muag pom kev ntxiv lossis ua kom qeeb qeeb. Qhov ntawd yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev kho mob no.
Puas zam tau qhov xwm txheej no?
Yog, nws yeej ua tau. Ob txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov no yog:
1. Tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib kom zoo: Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia rau tshuaj, insulin, kev noj zaub mov zoo, thiab kev tawm dag zog. Tshawb xyuas koj cov ntshav qab zib tsis tu ncua. Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem ua raws li cov kauj ruam no, tsis txhob txaj muag tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab thov kev pab.
2. Mus kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag txhua xyoo: Qhov no yog tib txoj kev los ntes tau tus kab mob thaum ntxov. Cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 1 yuav tsum tau mus kuaj lawv ob lub qhov muag hauv 5 xyoos tom qab kuaj pom, thiab cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 yuav tsum tau mus kuaj lawv ob lub qhov muag tam sim ntawd tom qab kuaj pom. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau mus kuaj lawv ob lub qhov muag txhua xyoo.
Lwm yam uas yuav tsum xav txog
- Cev Xeeb Tub: Yog tias ib tug poj niam uas muaj ntshav qab zib npaj yuav cev xeeb tub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrog nws tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov no. Qhov mob no tuaj yeem hnyav zuj zus thaum cev xeeb tub.
- Ntshav siab, roj cholesterol, thiab rog dhau: Cov no kuj ua rau mob Diabetic Retinopathy hnyav zuj zus. Yog li, tswj lawv kom zoo.
- Haus Luam Yeeb: Yog tias koj haus luam yeeb, thov koj tus kws kho mob pab kom koj tso tseg.
- Kev phais mob qhov muag: Yog tias koj npaj yuav phais mob qhov muag, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog seb nws yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov muag mob ntshav qab zib.
| Hauv cov xwm txheej no, yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob. | |
|---|---|
| Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj ntshav qab zib, tab sis tsis tau tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev kuaj qhov muag txhua xyoo. | Teem caij mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd. |
| Yog koj xav tias koj qhov kev pom kev maj mam zuj zus lossis tam sim ntawd zuj zus tuaj (piv txwv li tsis meej, pom cov pob dub ntab ncig). | Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev. Mus ntsib kws kho mob lossis chav kho mob ceev hauv tsev kho mob (ETU) sai li sai tau. |
| Yog koj muaj ntshav qab zib thiab npaj yuav cev xeeb tub. | Nco ntsoov mus kuaj qhov muag ua ntej cev xeeb tub. |
| Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom tswj tau koj cov ntshav qab zib. | Tsis txhob txaj muag, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov ntawd thiab tham txog txoj kev uas yooj yim dua rau koj. |
| Yog tias koj qhov muag tsis pom kev zoo lawm thiab koj xav paub txog cov kev xaiv los txhim kho koj qhov muag pom kev. | Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov chaw thiab cov lus qhia uas muaj rau kev kho qhov muag. |
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau koj ob lub qhov muag puas tsuaj, txawm tias tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi thaum xub thawj los xij.
- Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov no yog tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, thiab roj cholesterol.
- Yog koj muaj mob ntshav qab zib, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag ib xyoos ib zaug .
- Yog koj kuaj pom tus kab mob thaum ntxov thiab pib kho, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj lub zeem muag zoo nkauj.
- Yog koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg lossis teeb meem me ntsis txog koj qhov muag pom kev, tsis txhob ncua sijhawm nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov ntawd.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus