Koj yuav kho qhov o uas los nrog koj tus mob hawb pob li cas? Cia peb tham!

Yog koj muaj mob hawb pob, tej zaum koj yuav pom tias nws nyuaj rau ua pa. Kev xav tias nruj hauv koj lub hauv siab thiab ua pa nrov nrov yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm mob hawb pob. Qhov ua rau qhov no tseem ceeb yog o hauv koj txoj hlab pa, lossis qhov peb hu ua 'mob o' . Qhov mob o no ua rau koj txoj hlab pa nqaim dua thiab puv nrog cov hnoos qeev, ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua pa.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm mob hawb pob thiab mob o yog dab tsi?

Yog koj muaj mob hawb pob, tej zaum koj yuav paub tias qhov mob no ua rau cov txheej ntawm koj txoj hlab pa o thiab ua rau cov hnoos qeev ntau ntxiv. Xav txog nws zoo li cov yeeb nkab dej txhaws, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov dej ntws hla. Qhov mob no ua rau koj txoj hlab pa rhiab heev. Tom qab ntawd, thaum qee yam (peb hu cov no "cov ua rau") xws li plua plav, pa luam yeeb, thiab cov plaub tsiaj nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau mob hawb pob sai sai, uas txhais tau tias mob hawb pob tawm tsam .

Qhov no yog vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev o yog ib qho kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau cov neeg uas muaj mob hawb pob. Lawv nres cov txheej txheem uas ua rau mob hawb pob loj zuj zus. Hais yooj yim xwb, lawv zoo li muab dej tso rau ntawm hluav taws.

Cov kev kho mob rau mob hawb pob yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau hom tshuaj uas siv tau los tswj qhov o ntawm tus mob hawb pob. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb yog:

• Cov tshuaj Corticosteroids uas raug txhaj ncaj qha rau hauv txoj hlab pa (peb hu qhov no ua tshuaj nqus pa).
• Cov tshuaj corticosteroids uas siv rau txhua lub cev (noj ua tshuaj ntsiav lossis txhaj rau hauv cov leeg ntshav) yog muab los cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub cev.
• Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, muaj cov tshuaj hu ua "Mast cell stabilizers" thiab "Leukotriene modifiers". Cov no pab txo qhov o uas tshwm sim los ntawm "Corticosteroids".
• Ib txoj kev kho mob tshiab dua yog "Monoclonal antibodies" lossis "biologic therapy". Cov no tsom ncaj qha rau cov hlwb uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev o ("eosinophil cells")

Tam sim no cia peb tham txog txhua yam tshuaj no kom meej me ntsis.

Cov Tshuaj Corticosteroids Uas Siv Pa: Ib tug phooj ywg zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tswj tus mob hawb pob!

Cov tshuaj corticosteroids uas nqus pa yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws uas muaj los txo qhov o thiab cov hnoos qeev hauv koj txoj hlab pa . Hom tshuaj nqus pa no feem ntau yog thawj yam uas tus kws kho mob yuav sau rau mob hawb pob.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov no yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau yam zoo rau kev siv lub tshuaj nqus pa no kom raug:

• Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hawb pob thiab kev rov tshwm sim dua raug txo qis.
• Cov tshuaj beta agonists ua haujlwm luv luv, lossis raws li peb hu lawv , cov tshuaj pab, lossis cov tshuaj nqus pa cawm siav, yog siv rau thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab txo cov sijhawm uas koj xav tau siv lawv.
• Koj lub ntsws ua haujlwm zoo dua.
• Qhov xav tau mus rau chav kho mob ceev thiab pw hauv tsev kho mob yuav txo qis.
• Zuag qhia tag nrho, mob hawb pob tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo.

Tseem Ceeb: Nco ntsoov cov no thaum siv cov no!

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj steroids no tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hawb pob xwb, tsis yog pab kom cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm ploj mus. Qhov no txhais tau tias yog koj noj thaum koj muaj tus mob hawb pob, koj yuav tsis tau kev pab tam sim ntawd. Qhov ntawd yog lub tshuaj ua pa rau tus mob hawb pob.

Cov tshuaj "controller" inhaler no (raws li peb hu nws) yuav tsum tau siv txhua hnub, raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia . Rau qee tus, nws yuav siv ob zaug ib hnub, rau lwm tus, ib zaug ib hnub. Nws tsis yog lub tswv yim zoo los txo lossis tsum tsis txhob siv cov no yam tsis tau tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob, xav tias koj cov tsos mob zoo dua. Ua li ntawd yuav ua rau koj tus mob hawb pob hnyav dua.

Cov tshuaj corticosteroids hauv qhov ntswg no yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau hom tshuaj corticosteroids uas nqus tau hauv khw. Piv txwv li:

• 'Beclomethasone dipropionate (Qvar RediHaler®)'
• `Budesonide (Pulmicort®; Symbicort®)`. (Cov `(Symbicort®)` no yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm `(budesonide)` thiab `(formoterol)`.)
• `Ciclisonide (Alvesco® HFA)`
• `Fluticasone (Flovent® HFA; Advair® HFA thiab diskus, Wixela® Inhub, AirDuo®)`. (Cov no muaj `(fluticasone)` thiab `(salmeterol)`.)
• Fluticasone furoate (Arnuity® Ellipta; Breo® Ellipta; Trelegy® Ellipta). (Breo® muaj fluticasone furoate thiab ib qho beta agonist uas ua haujlwm ntev hu ua vilanterol. Trelegy® muaj umeclidinium ntxiv rau ob qho no.)
• Fluticasone propionate (ArmonAir® RespiClick)
• `Mometasone (Asmanex®, Dulera®)`. (`(Dulera®)` muaj `(mometasone)` nrog rau `(formoterol)`.)

Cov tshuaj nqus pa no tshwm sim li cas?

Cov "corticosteroids uas nqus pa" no muaj peb hom tseem ceeb:

1. `(Metered Dose Inhaler - MDI)`: Qhov no yog hom uas zoo li lub kaus me me, thiab koj siv nws rau saum. Thaum siv qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv nws nrog `(valved holding chamber)` lossis `(spacer)` (ib yam dab tsi peb hu ua 'intermediate chamber' hauv Sinhala). `(spacer)` no pab cov tshuaj mus ncaj qha rau hauv lub ntsws, thiab txo cov tshuaj uas tau tso rau hauv qhov ncauj thiab caj pas. Qhov no zoo li siv lub raj thaum txau dej los ntawm lub kaus dej.

2. `(Lub Tshuaj Ua Pa Qhuav - DPI)`: Qhov no muaj cov tshuaj ua hmoov qhuav. Siv los ntawm kev ua pa tob tob.

3. `(Cov tshuaj nebulizer)`: Qhov no los ua kua. Nws raug ua pa thiab nqus pa los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab me me (`(lub tshuab nebulizer)`). Txoj kev no feem ntau siv rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg uas muaj mob hawb pob hnyav.

Kuv puas yuav tsum ntshai siv cov no? Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo?

Cov tshuaj corticosteroids uas nqus pa yog cov tshuaj muaj kev nyab xeeb heev rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus . Cov kev mob tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv tsawg.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua muaj, yog tias koj siv lawv ntau ntau, kev kis kab mob fungal hauv qhov ncauj (thrush) tuaj yeem tshwm sim, thiab koj lub suab yuav hloov pauv (ua hoarse). Qhov no yooj yim heev rau kev tiv thaiv. Tom qab txhua zaus siv lub tshuaj nqus pa , yaug koj lub qhov ncauj kom huv si, yaug qhov ncauj, thiab ntuav cov tshuaj tawm . Yog tias koj siv MDI, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no los ntawm kev siv lub spacer. Yog tias koj tau txais thrush tsis tau xav txog, nws tuaj yeem kho tau yooj yim nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav qhov ncauj tiv thaiv fungal uas koj tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg.

Tus kws kho mob muab cov no li cas?

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ib txwm sim muab cov tshuaj no rau koj kom tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tswj tau koj tus mob hawb pob. Muaj coob tus neeg ntshai thaum lawv hnov ​​lo lus "steroids." Qhov no yog vim lawv tau hnov ​​txog cov tshuaj anabolic steroids, uas cov neeg ncaws pob siv los tsim cov leeg nqaij. Tab sis cov tshuaj steroids rau mob hawb pob tsis zoo li ntawd . Lawv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev o. Qhov tseeb, kev noj lawv txhua hnub tuaj yeem pab tswj koj tus mob hawb pob.

Cov Tshuaj Corticosteroids Rau Txhua Lub Cev: Pab rau kev mob hawb pob hnyav!

Cov tshuaj "Systemic corticosteroids" no yog cov tshuaj siv los kho cov mob hawb pob hnyav. Lawv muab ua tshuaj ntsiav lossis kua (noj), lossis lawv muab rau hauv lub cev los ntawm cov leeg ntshav (intravenous - IV).

Cov no muab sijhawm twg?

Cov tshuaj no siv ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj los tswj cov mob hawb pob uas hnyav zuj zus, lossis kho cov mob hawb pob uas nyuaj tswj mus ntev.

Cov no pib ua haujlwm li cas?

Cov tshuaj steroids uas siv rau hauv lub cev yuav siv sijhawm li peb teev los pib ua haujlwm, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yuav pom tom qab rau txog kaum ob teev. Qee zaum lawv raug muab tshuaj ntau rau ob peb hnub (hu ua steroid burst), lossis maj mam txo cov tshuaj raws sijhawm (hu ua steroid taper). Qee zaum, rau kev tswj hwm mus sij hawm ntev, lawv tuaj yeem muab tshuaj tsawg txhua hnub lossis txhua ob hnub.

Cov '(Systemic Steroids)' no yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau hom "systemic steroids" uas feem ntau siv (cov no kuj muaj ua cov khoom "generic"):

• Cortisone acetate
• Dexamethasone
• `Hydrocortisone (Cortef®)`
• `Methylprednisolone (Medrol®, Solu-Medrol®, Depo-medrol®)`
• `Prednisone (Deltasone®)`
• `Prednisolone (Prelone®, Pediapred®, Orapred®)`

Peb puas yuav tsum paub txog cov kev mob tshwm sim?

Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj steroids uas siv rau txhua lub cev feem ntau tshwm sim thaum siv mus sij hawm ntev . Cov kev mob tshwm sim no suav nrog:

• Pob txuv.
• Qhov hnyav nce.
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm tus cwj pwm lossis tus cwj pwm.
• Mob plab (piv txwv li, gastritis).
• Pob txha tsis muaj zog, pob txha poob.
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov muag, piv txwv li glaucoma (qhov muag siab ntxiv) lossis cataracts (qhov muag ua rau pos huab).
• (Cov menyuam yaus lub npe) kev loj hlob qeeb.

Tiam sis nco ntsoov, cov kev mob tshwm sim no tsis tshua muaj thaum siv rau lub sijhawm luv luv . Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum siv lawv rau lub sijhawm luv luv thaum koj tus mob hawb pob hnyav heev. Yog tias koj muaj tus mob hawb pob tsis tswj tau thiab xav tau siv cov tshuaj steroids ntev, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob ntsws lossis kws kho mob ua xua. Lawv tuaj yeem pab koj txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob siab dua thiab xa koj mus rau lwm tus kws tshwj xeeb yog tias tsim nyog.

Cov Tshuaj Hloov Leukotriene: Lwm qhov kev pab!

Cov no yog dab tsi? Lawv ua haujlwm li cas?

Leukotrienes yog cov tshuaj uas tshwm sim ntuj tsim hauv peb lub cev. Lawv ua rau cov leeg nqaij hauv peb txoj hlab pa nruj thiab ua rau cov hnoos qeev ntau ntxiv. Cov tshuaj hloov kho Leukotriene thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm leukotrienes. Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem pab txhim kho kev ua pa thiab txo cov tsos mob ntawm hawb pob. Lawv tuaj yeem ua cov ntsiav tshuaj. Lawv noj ib zaug lossis ob zaug hauv ib hnub. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj peev xwm txo qhov ntau ntawm lwm cov tshuaj hawb pob uas koj xav tau.

Cov hom tshuaj '(Leukotriene Modifiers)' yog dab tsi?

Cov tshuaj hauv pawg no yog:

• `Montelukast (Singulair®)`
• `Zafirlukast (Accolate®)`
• `Zileuton (Zyflo®)`

Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo?

Cov kev mob tshwm sim feem ntau yog mob taub hau thiab xeev siab. Cov tshuaj hloov kho Leukotriene kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog qee yam tshuaj (piv txwv li, tshuaj kho mob hawb pob theophylline thiab tshuaj warfarin uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias). Yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam tshuaj uas koj noj.

Cov Tshuaj Monoclonal Antibodies - Kev Kho Mob Biologic: Kev cia siab tshiab rau kev mob hawb pob hnyav!

Cov tshuaj monoclonal antibodies yog ib hom kev kho mob biologic siv los kho mob hawb pob hnyav. Lawv ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv lub cev txoj kev teb rau cov teeb meem uas ua rau o. Lawv ncaj qha tsom mus rau cov hlwb uas yog ib feem ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li cov hlwb eosinophil.

Muaj ntau hom tshuaj no. Lawv muab ua tshuaj txhaj rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij hauv chaw ua haujlwm ntawm kws kho mob, ua tshuaj txhaj rau hauv chaw kho mob lossis tsev kho mob, lossis qee yam tuaj yeem txhaj rau koj tus kheej hauv tsev. Cov neeg uas noj cov tshuaj biologics no feem ntau tau txais kev kho mob txhua 2 txog 8 lub lis piam (nyob ntawm seb cov tshuaj biologic yog dab tsi). Koj yuav tsum nyob hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob ntsws lossis tus kws kho mob ua xua yog tias koj noj cov tshuaj no.

Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Mast Cell: Ib Yam Tshuaj Uas Tsis Tshua Muaj Siv

Cov tshuaj stabilizers ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv kev tso tawm cov histamine thiab lwm yam tshuaj o ntawm cov hlwb mast. Txawm li cas los xij, cov no tsis tshua siv los kho mob hawb pob.

Qhov koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tshaj plaws!

Mob ntsws asthma yog ib qho mob o ntawm txoj hlab pa hauv koj lub ntsws mus ntev (uas yog, mob mus tas li) . Nws zoo li lub hluav taws me me uas nyob hauv koj lub ntsws tas li. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob tau sau rau koj, koj tuaj yeem tswj koj tus mob hawb pob tau zoo thiab ua kom lub ntsws noj qab nyob zoo mus ntev.

Nco ntsoov tias, kev ua neej nrog tus mob hawb pob tuaj yeem nyuaj heev, tab sis nrog kev kho mob kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua neej nyob li qub thiab nquag. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab tsim ib txoj kev npaj kho mob uas ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau koj. Nws yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ua pa kom noj qab haus huv!

Mob hawb pob, o, Tshuaj nqus pa, Corticosteroids, Kev Kho Mob, Kab mob ua pa