Yu gɛt kɔf we nɔ de go insay sɔm dez, ɔr simptom dɛm fɔ urinary tract infection wae de mɔna yu? Sɔntɛm we yu go to dɔktɔ, i rayt yu wan tɛst we dɛn kɔl ‘Gram Stain’. Dis nem kin tan lɛk se i strenj smɔl to yu. Bɔt dis na rili impɔtant, kwik tɛst we dɛn kin yuz fɔ no infɛkshɔn na wi bɔdi. So, lɛ wi tɔk bɔt dis simpul wan, di we we yu go ɔndastand.
Wetin na Gram Stain simpul wan?
Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, Gram stain na tɛst we dɛn kin du na lab. I de bεs fכ luk fכ baktri dεm na wan εria na yu bכdi usay infεkshכn de. Imajin se yu gɛt wund we de kɔmɔt. Dɔn dɛn kin sɛn smɔl sampul frɔm da wund de fɔ dis tɛst.
Wan pan di big bɛnifit dɛn we dis tɛst gɛt na dat di rizɔlt kin kɔmɔt kwik kwik wan. Dis kin mek di dɔktɔ no kwik kwik wan if yu gɛt baktriyal infɛkshɔn ɛn if na so i gɛt, us kayn am. Dis kin ɛp di dɔktɔ fɔ gɛt di bɛsis aidia bɔt us mɛrɛsin fɔ gi yu.
Nɔto ɔl di baktri dɛm na wi bɔdi bad. Sɔm na gud baktri dɛm we de ɛp wi. Bɔt sɔm kayn baktri dɛn kin mek wi gɛt sik ɛn infɛkshɔn. Di Gram Stain tɛst de ɛp wi fɔ no di bad bad bɔdi we de mek wi gɛt dɛn sik dɛn de.
Wetin na dis stori bɔt Gram-positiv ɛn Gram-negativ?
Dis na di pat we impɔtant pas ɔl pan di Gram stɛyn tɛst. Tink bɔt baktri dɛm lɛk smɔl smɔl tin dɛm we de wɛr difrɛn kayn klos. di Gram stεn tεst involv fכ put sεvεra tכp spεshal stεn pan di baktri dεm. Dɔn, dipen pan di difrɛns we de na di baktri in sɛl wɔl, dɛn kin sheb to tu kɔlɔ.
1. Gram-positiv baktri dεm: dεn sεl wכl dεm dεn mek wit wan tik tin we dεn kכl ``Peptidoglycan.'' Dis na di rizin we mek dεn de tכn pכpul-blu k כla we dεn stεn dεm.
2. Gram-nεgεtiv baktri dεm: dεn wan ya gεt tin sεl wכl dεm, so dεn kin t כn pinkish-rεd kכla we dεn stεn dεm.
Di impɔtant tin fɔ mɛmba ya na dat ‘positiv’ ɛn ‘negative’ nɔ min ‘gud’ ɛn ‘bad’. Dɛn na jɔs wan klasification bay di kɔlɔ we di baktri gɛt.
Naw lɛ wi luk di men kayn baktri dɛm we de insay dɛn tu grup ya ɛn di sik dɛm we dɛn kin kɔz.
| Gram-positiv baktri dɛm ɛn sik dɛm we gɛt fɔ du wit am | |
|---|---|
| Tayp ɔf baktri dɛm | Di sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i de mɛn pipul dɛn |
| Stafylokokɔs spɛshal wan | Infεkshכn na di skin, nyumonia, fכd pכyzin, MRSA infεkshכn |
| Streptococcus spɛshal wan dɛn | Trot infεkshכn (Strep trot), nyumonia, mεningayt |
| Listeria spɛshal wan dɛn | Fɔd pɔyzin |
| Klɔstridiɔm spɛshal wan | Fɔd pɔyzin, botulism, tetanɔs |
| Gram-negativ baktri dɛm ɛn sik dɛm we gɛt fɔ du wit am | |
|---|---|
| Tayp ɔf baktri dɛm | Di sik dɛn we pɔsin kin gɛt we i de mɛn pipul dɛn |
| Ɛscherichia kɔli (E. kɔli) . | Urinary tract infection (UTIs), it pɔyzin |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae na wan sik we dɛn kɔl Neisseria | Gonorrhea (na sik we pɔsin kin gɛt we i du mami ɛn dadi biznɛs wit ɔda pɔsin) . |
| Salmonella spɛshal wan dɛn | Fɔd pɔyzin, tayfɔyd fiva |
| Klebsiella spɛshal wan | Nyumonia, blɔd infɛkshɔn, wund infɛkshɔn |
Wetin na di difrɛns bitwin Gram stɛyn ɛn baktri kɔlchɔ?
Bɔku tɛm, yu dɔktɔ kin tɛl yu fɔ du dɛn tu tɛst ya togɛda, bɔt di infɔmeshɔn we dɛn kin gi yu difrɛn.
- Gram Stain: Dis na laik instant foto. i kin gi wan jεnarכl aidia kwik kwik wan if baktri dεm de, if na so, if dεn na Gram-positiv כ Gram-nεgεtiv, εn wetin dεn shep (rכund כ rod-lεk).
- Baktri Kalchar: Dis involv f כ gro di baktri dεm na yu sεmpl insay spεshal mεdiכm na lab. I tan lɛk se yu de gro plant. Dis kin tek sɔm dez. We di bɔdi dɔn gro fayn fayn wan, yu kin no dɛn ɛn no us antibayɔtiks we go wok fayn fɔ dɛn.
Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, Gram stain de gi kwik gayd, we baktriyal kɔlchɔ de gi di mɔs difinitiv kɔnfɔmeshɔn .
Aw dɛn kin du di Gram Stain tɛst?
Dɛn kin sheb dis prɔses to tri men tin dɛn.
1. Fɔ gɛda di sampul
Di we aw fɔ tek di sampul go difrɛn difrɛn wan bay usay yu sɔspɛkt se yu gɛt di infekshɔn.
- Wit swab: Yu kin tek sεmpl frכm ples dεm lεk di trot, di nos, di skin lεsin, εn di jεnital εria dεm yuz kכtכn swab.
- Fɔ gɛda di tin dɛn we de kɔmɔt na di bɔdi: Yu kin gɛda tin dɛn lɛk mכkus, urine, ɛn fes insay klin kɔntena.
- Fayn-nidul aspireshɔn: Dɛn kin yuz dis we fɔ gɛt wata frɔm insay di bɔdi, fɔ ɛgzampul, frɔm di jɔyn dɛn, rawnd di lɔng dɛn, ɔ rawnd di at.
2. Wetin de apin na di lab
We yu sampul rich na di lab, wan sayɛnsman we de wok na di mɛdikal lɛbɔraytri go spre am tint wan pan glas slayd. Dɔn, dɛn go ad 4 spɛshal day dɛn, we wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt, to am ɛn was am.
3. Fɔ luk tru maykroskɔp
Fɔ dɔn, dɛn kin chɛk dis slayd we dɛn dɔn pripia ɔnda maykroskɔp. dis na we wi de wach if baktri dεm de de, dεn kכla (pכpul/blu כ pink/rεd), dεn shep (rכund (kכk) כ rod-shεp (basili)), εn aw dεn grup togeda (dεn wan, tu tu, כ insay kכlכsta).
Wetin di invɛstishɔn ripɔt se?
Tu men rizɔlt kin de na yu tɛst ripɔt.
- Negative Gram stain (No organism seen): Dis min se dɛn nɔ si ɛni baktri na di slayd. Bɔt sɔntɛnde dis kin apin we di baktri dɛn nɔ bɔku. So yu kin gɛt fɔ wet fɔ di kɔlchɔ ripɔt.
- Pozitiv Gram steyn: Dis min se baktri bin de na yu sampul. Di ripɔt kin gɛt tin dɛn lɛk:
- Di kayn baktri dɛm: Gram-positiv ɔ Gram-negativ?
- di shep fכ baktri dεm: `cocci` (raun) כ `bacilli` (rod)?
- Ɔda sɛl dɛn: Dɛn kin no bak if ɔda sɛl dɛn de de, lɛk wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn (sayn fɔ se pɔsin gɛt di sik).
We di dɔktɔ gɛda ɔl dis infɔmeshɔn ɛn kɔmpia am wit di sayn dɛm we yu gɛt, i go bigin di tritmɛnt we go wok fayn fɔ yu.
Mɛsej we dɛn kin kɛr go na os
- Gram Stain na wan kwik, besik tɛst we dɛn kin yuz fɔ no if pɔsin gɛt baktriyal infɛkshɔn.
- dis de separet baktri dεm insay tu men grup dεm (Gram-positiv - pכpul/blu εn Gram-nεgεtiv - pink/rεd).
- Dis infɔmeshɔn go ɛp yu dɔktɔ fɔ bigin fɔ tek di rayt tritmɛnt kwik kwik wan .
- fכ mek dεn no di sik mכr, dεn kin du Gram stεn tεst wit baktriyal kכlt tεst .
- If yu gɛt ɛnitin we de mɔna yu bɔt yu tɛst rizɔlt, nɔ ɛva fred fɔ tɔk bɔt am opin wan wit yu dɔktɔ .
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